我已经使用Spring RestTemplate有一段时间了,当我试图调试它的请求和响应时,我总是碰壁。我基本上希望看到与打开“verbose”选项时使用curl时相同的东西。例如:

curl -v http://twitter.com/statuses/public_timeline.rss

将显示发送的数据和接收的数据(包括头、cookie等)。

我看了一些相关的帖子,比如: 如何在Spring RestTemplate中记录响应? 但我还没能解决这个问题。

实现这一点的一种方法是实际更改RestTemplate源代码,并在那里添加一些额外的日志记录语句,但我认为这种方法确实是最后的办法。应该有某种方法告诉Spring Web Client/RestTemplate以一种更友好的方式记录所有内容。

我的目标是能够用如下代码做到这一点:

restTemplate.put("http://someurl", objectToPut, urlPathValues);

然后在日志文件或控制台中获得相同类型的调试信息(就像我使用curl获得的一样)。 我相信这对于任何使用Spring RestTemplate并且遇到问题的人来说都是非常有用的。使用curl来调试RestTemplate问题是行不通的(在某些情况下)。


当前回答

正如在其他响应中所述,需要对响应体进行特殊处理,以便能够重复读取它(默认情况下,在第一次读取时使用其内容)。

在设置请求时,拦截器本身不使用BufferingClientHttpRequestFactory,而是可以包装响应,并确保内容被保留,并且可以重复读取(由记录器和响应的消费者):

我的拦截器

使用包装器缓冲响应体 更紧凑的方式 记录状态码标识符(例如201创建) 包含一个请求序列号,可以方便地将并发日志条目与多个线程区分开来

代码:

public class LoggingInterceptor implements ClientHttpRequestInterceptor {

    private final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
    private AtomicInteger requestNumberSequence = new AtomicInteger(0);

    @Override
    public ClientHttpResponse intercept(HttpRequest request, byte[] body, ClientHttpRequestExecution execution) throws IOException {
        int requestNumber = requestNumberSequence.incrementAndGet();
        logRequest(requestNumber, request, body);
        ClientHttpResponse response = execution.execute(request, body);
        response = new BufferedClientHttpResponse(response);
        logResponse(requestNumber, response);
        return response;
    }

    private void logRequest(int requestNumber, HttpRequest request, byte[] body) {
        if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
            String prefix = requestNumber + " > ";
            log.debug("{} Request: {} {}", prefix, request.getMethod(), request.getURI());
            log.debug("{} Headers: {}", prefix, request.getHeaders());
            if (body.length > 0) {
                log.debug("{} Body: \n{}", prefix, new String(body, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
            }
        }
    }

    private void logResponse(int requestNumber, ClientHttpResponse response) throws IOException {
        if (log.isDebugEnabled()) {
            String prefix = requestNumber + " < ";
            log.debug("{} Response: {} {} {}", prefix, response.getStatusCode(), response.getStatusCode().name(), response.getStatusText());
            log.debug("{} Headers: {}", prefix, response.getHeaders());
            String body = StreamUtils.copyToString(response.getBody(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
            if (body.length() > 0) {
                log.debug("{} Body: \n{}", prefix, body);
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * Wrapper around ClientHttpResponse, buffers the body so it can be read repeatedly (for logging & consuming the result).
     */
    private static class BufferedClientHttpResponse implements ClientHttpResponse {

        private final ClientHttpResponse response;
        private byte[] body;

        public BufferedClientHttpResponse(ClientHttpResponse response) {
            this.response = response;
        }

        @Override
        public HttpStatus getStatusCode() throws IOException {
            return response.getStatusCode();
        }

        @Override
        public int getRawStatusCode() throws IOException {
            return response.getRawStatusCode();
        }

        @Override
        public String getStatusText() throws IOException {
            return response.getStatusText();
        }

        @Override
        public void close() {
            response.close();
        }

        @Override
        public InputStream getBody() throws IOException {
            if (body == null) {
                body = StreamUtils.copyToByteArray(response.getBody());
            }
            return new ByteArrayInputStream(body);
        }

        @Override
        public HttpHeaders getHeaders() {
            return response.getHeaders();
        }
    }
}

配置:

 @Bean
    public RestTemplateBuilder restTemplateBuilder() {
        return new RestTemplateBuilder()
                .additionalInterceptors(Collections.singletonList(new LoggingInterceptor()));
    }

日志输出示例:

2018-10-08 10:58:53 [main] DEBUG x.y.z.LoggingInterceptor - 2 >  Request: POST http://localhost:53969/payment/v4/private/payment-lists/10022/templates
2018-10-08 10:58:53 [main] DEBUG x.y.z.LoggingInterceptor - 2 >  Headers: {Accept=[application/json, application/json], Content-Type=[application/json;charset=UTF-8], Content-Length=[986]}
2018-10-08 10:58:53 [main] DEBUG x.y.z.LoggingInterceptor - 2 >  Body: 
{"idKey":null, ...}
2018-10-08 10:58:53 [main] DEBUG x.y.z.LoggingInterceptor - 2 <  Response: 200 OK 
2018-10-08 10:58:53 [main] DEBUG x.y.z.LoggingInterceptor - 2 <  Headers: {Content-Type=[application/json;charset=UTF-8], Transfer-Encoding=[chunked], Date=[Mon, 08 Oct 2018 08:58:53 GMT]}
2018-10-08 10:58:53 [main] DEBUG x.y.z.LoggingInterceptor - 2 <  Body: 
{ "idKey" : "10022", ...  }

其他回答

日志创建RestTemplate

选项1。打开调试日志记录。

配置创建RestTemplate

默认情况下,RestTemplate依赖于标准JDK工具来建立HTTP连接。您可以切换到使用不同的HTTP库,如Apache HttpComponents @ bean public RestTemplate RestTemplate (RestTemplateBuilder) RestTemplate = builder.build(); 返回创建restTemplate; }

配置日志记录

application.yml 日志: 水平: org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate:调试

第二个选项。使用拦截器

包装器响应

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpResponse;
import org.springframework.util.StreamUtils;

public final class BufferingClientHttpResponseWrapper implements ClientHttpResponse {

    private final ClientHttpResponse response;

    private byte[] body;


    BufferingClientHttpResponseWrapper(ClientHttpResponse response) {
        this.response = response;
    }

    public HttpStatus getStatusCode() throws IOException {
        return this.response.getStatusCode();
    }

    public int getRawStatusCode() throws IOException {
        return this.response.getRawStatusCode();
    }

    public String getStatusText() throws IOException {
        return this.response.getStatusText();
    }

    public HttpHeaders getHeaders() {
        return this.response.getHeaders();
    }

    public InputStream getBody() throws IOException {
        if (this.body == null) {
            this.body = StreamUtils.copyToByteArray(this.response.getBody());
        }
        return new ByteArrayInputStream(this.body);
    }

    public void close() {
        this.response.close();
    }
}

实现拦截器

package com.example.logging;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.http.HttpRequest;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestExecution;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestInterceptor;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpResponse;

public class LoggingRestTemplate implements ClientHttpRequestInterceptor {

    private final static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggingRestTemplate.class);

    @Override
    public ClientHttpResponse intercept(HttpRequest request, byte[] body,
            ClientHttpRequestExecution execution) throws IOException {
        traceRequest(request, body);
        ClientHttpResponse response = execution.execute(request, body);
        return traceResponse(response);
    }

    private void traceRequest(HttpRequest request, byte[] body) throws IOException {
        if (!LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()) {
            return;
        }
        LOGGER.debug(
                "==========================request begin==============================================");
        LOGGER.debug("URI                 : {}", request.getURI());
        LOGGER.debug("Method            : {}", request.getMethod());
        LOGGER.debug("Headers         : {}", request.getHeaders());
        LOGGER.debug("Request body: {}", new String(body, "UTF-8"));
        LOGGER.debug(
                "==========================request end================================================");
    }

    private ClientHttpResponse traceResponse(ClientHttpResponse response) throws IOException {
        if (!LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()) {
            return response;
        }
        final ClientHttpResponse responseWrapper = new BufferingClientHttpResponseWrapper(response);
        StringBuilder inputStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(
                new InputStreamReader(responseWrapper.getBody(), "UTF-8"));
        String line = bufferedReader.readLine();
        while (line != null) {
            inputStringBuilder.append(line);
            inputStringBuilder.append('\n');
            line = bufferedReader.readLine();
        }
        LOGGER.debug(
                "==========================response begin=============================================");
        LOGGER.debug("Status code    : {}", responseWrapper.getStatusCode());
        LOGGER.debug("Status text    : {}", responseWrapper.getStatusText());
        LOGGER.debug("Headers            : {}", responseWrapper.getHeaders());
        LOGGER.debug("Response body: {}", inputStringBuilder.toString());
        LOGGER.debug(
                "==========================response end===============================================");
        return responseWrapper;
    }

}

配置创建RestTemplate

@Bean
public RestTemplate restTemplate(RestTemplateBuilder builder) {
    RestTemplate restTemplate = builder.build();
    restTemplate.setInterceptors(Collections.singletonList(new LoggingRestTemplate()));
    return restTemplate;
}

配置日志记录

查看LoggingRestTemplate包,例如在application.yml中: 日志: 水平: com.example.logging:调试

选项3。使用httpcomponent

导入httpcomponent依赖项

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
  <artifactId>httpasyncclient</artifactId>

配置创建RestTemplate

@Bean
public RestTemplate restTemplate(RestTemplateBuilder builder) {
    RestTemplate restTemplate = builder.build();
    restTemplate.setRequestFactory(new HttpComponentsAsyncClientHttpRequestFactory());
    return restTemplate;
}

配置日志记录

查看LoggingRestTemplate包,例如在application.yml中: 日志: 水平: org.apache.http:调试

参考Q/A,通过在HttpInputStream上启用多次读取来记录其余模板的请求和响应

为什么我的自定义ClientHttpRequestInterceptor与空响应

这些答案都不能完全解决问题。Mjj1409实现了大部分功能,但方便地避免了记录响应的问题,因为这需要更多的工作。Paul Sabou提供了一个看似现实的解决方案,但没有提供足够的细节来实际实现(对我来说根本没用)。Sofiene得到了日志记录,但遇到了一个严重的问题:响应不再可读,因为输入流已经被消耗了!

我建议使用BufferingClientHttpResponseWrapper来包装响应对象,以允许多次读取响应体:

public class LoggingRequestInterceptor implements ClientHttpRequestInterceptor {

    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggingRequestInterceptor.class);

    @Override
    public ClientHttpResponse intercept(final HttpRequest request, final byte[] body,
            final ClientHttpRequestExecution execution) throws IOException {
        ClientHttpResponse response = execution.execute(request, body);

        response = log(request, body, response);

        return response;
    }

    private ClientHttpResponse log(final HttpRequest request, final byte[] body, final ClientHttpResponse response) {
        final ClientHttpResponse responseCopy = new BufferingClientHttpResponseWrapper(response);
        logger.debug("Method: ", request.getMethod().toString());
        logger.debug("URI: ", , request.getURI().toString());
        logger.debug("Request Body: " + new String(body));
        logger.debug("Response body: " + IOUtils.toString(responseCopy.getBody()));
        return responseCopy;
    }

}

这将不会消耗InputStream,因为响应体被加载到内存中,可以多次读取。如果你的类路径上没有BufferingClientHttpResponseWrapper,你可以在这里找到简单的实现:

https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-android/blob/master/spring-android-rest-template/src/main/java/org/springframework/http/client/BufferingClientHttpResponseWrapper.java

设置RestTemplate:

LoggingRequestInterceptor loggingInterceptor = new LoggingRequestInterceptor();
restTemplate.getInterceptors().add(loggingInterceptor);

我浏览了所有的答案,如果你需要设置认证类型或连接超时,那么你可以这样做:

SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory factory = new SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory();
factory.setConnectTimeout(Integer.valueOf(YOUR_VALUE));
factory.setReadTimeout(Integer.valueOf(YOUR_VALUE));

RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(new BufferingClientHttpRequestFactory(factory));
restTemplate.getInterceptors().add(new LoggingRequestInterceptor());
restTemplate.getInterceptors().add(new BasicAuthenticationInterceptor(USER_NAME,PASSWORD,StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
return restTemplate;

我终于找到了正确的方法。 大部分的解决方案来自 我如何配置Spring和SLF4J以获得日志记录?

看来有两件事需要做:

在log4j中添加以下行。属性:log4j.logger.httpclient.wire=DEBUG 确保spring不会忽略您的日志配置

第二个问题主要发生在使用slf4j的spring环境中(就像我的例子一样)。 因此,当使用slf4j时,请确保发生以下两件事:

There is no commons-logging library in your classpath : this can be done by adding the exclusion descriptors in your pom : <exclusions><exclusion> <groupId>commons-logging</groupId> <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> The log4j.properties file is stored somewhere in the classpath where spring can find/see it. If you have problems with this, a last resort solution would be to put the log4j.properties file in the default package (not a good practice but just to see that things work as you expect)