我已经使用Spring RestTemplate有一段时间了,当我试图调试它的请求和响应时,我总是碰壁。我基本上希望看到与打开“verbose”选项时使用curl时相同的东西。例如:

curl -v http://twitter.com/statuses/public_timeline.rss

将显示发送的数据和接收的数据(包括头、cookie等)。

我看了一些相关的帖子,比如: 如何在Spring RestTemplate中记录响应? 但我还没能解决这个问题。

实现这一点的一种方法是实际更改RestTemplate源代码,并在那里添加一些额外的日志记录语句,但我认为这种方法确实是最后的办法。应该有某种方法告诉Spring Web Client/RestTemplate以一种更友好的方式记录所有内容。

我的目标是能够用如下代码做到这一点:

restTemplate.put("http://someurl", objectToPut, urlPathValues);

然后在日志文件或控制台中获得相同类型的调试信息(就像我使用curl获得的一样)。 我相信这对于任何使用Spring RestTemplate并且遇到问题的人来说都是非常有用的。使用curl来调试RestTemplate问题是行不通的(在某些情况下)。


当前回答

用ClientHttpRequestInterceptor的完整实现来完成这个示例,以跟踪请求和响应:

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.http.HttpRequest;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestExecution;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestInterceptor;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpResponse;

public class LoggingRequestInterceptor implements ClientHttpRequestInterceptor {

    final static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggingRequestInterceptor.class);

    @Override
    public ClientHttpResponse intercept(HttpRequest request, byte[] body, ClientHttpRequestExecution execution) throws IOException {
        traceRequest(request, body);
        ClientHttpResponse response = execution.execute(request, body);
        traceResponse(response);
        return response;
    }

    private void traceRequest(HttpRequest request, byte[] body) throws IOException {
        log.info("===========================request begin================================================");
        log.debug("URI         : {}", request.getURI());
        log.debug("Method      : {}", request.getMethod());
        log.debug("Headers     : {}", request.getHeaders() );
        log.debug("Request body: {}", new String(body, "UTF-8"));
        log.info("==========================request end================================================");
    }

    private void traceResponse(ClientHttpResponse response) throws IOException {
        StringBuilder inputStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(response.getBody(), "UTF-8"));
        String line = bufferedReader.readLine();
        while (line != null) {
            inputStringBuilder.append(line);
            inputStringBuilder.append('\n');
            line = bufferedReader.readLine();
        }
        log.info("============================response begin==========================================");
        log.debug("Status code  : {}", response.getStatusCode());
        log.debug("Status text  : {}", response.getStatusText());
        log.debug("Headers      : {}", response.getHeaders());
        log.debug("Response body: {}", inputStringBuilder.toString());
        log.info("=======================response end=================================================");
    }

}

然后使用BufferingClientHttpRequestFactory和LoggingRequestInterceptor实例化RestTemplate:

RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(new BufferingClientHttpRequestFactory(new SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory()));
List<ClientHttpRequestInterceptor> interceptors = new ArrayList<>();
interceptors.add(new LoggingRequestInterceptor());
restTemplate.setInterceptors(interceptors);

BufferingClientHttpRequestFactory是必需的,因为我们想在拦截器和初始调用代码中使用响应体。默认实现只允许读取响应体一次。

其他回答

您可以使用spring-rest-template-logger来记录RestTemplate HTTP流量。

在Maven项目中添加一个依赖项:

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.hobsoft.spring</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-rest-template-logger</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.0</version>
</dependency>

然后自定义你的RestTemplate,如下所示:

RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplateBuilder()
    .customizers(new LoggingCustomizer())
    .build()

确保在application.properties中启用了调试日志记录:

logging.level.org.hobsoft.spring.resttemplatelogger.LoggingCustomizer = DEBUG

现在所有的RestTemplate HTTP流量将被记录到调试级别的org.hobsoft.spring.resttemplatelogger.LoggingCustomizer。

免责声明:这个库是我写的。

正如@MilacH指出的,在实现中有一个错误。如果返回statusCode > 400,则从拦截器抛出IOException,因为没有调用errorHandler。可以忽略异常,然后在处理程序方法中再次捕获异常。

package net.sprd.fulfillment.common;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.http.HttpRequest;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestExecution;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestInterceptor;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpResponse;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8;

public class LoggingRequestInterceptor implements ClientHttpRequestInterceptor {

    final static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggingRequestInterceptor.class);

    @SuppressWarnings("HardcodedLineSeparator")
    public static final char LINE_BREAK = '\n';

    @Override
    public ClientHttpResponse intercept(HttpRequest request, byte[] body, ClientHttpRequestExecution execution) throws IOException {
        try {
            traceRequest(request, body);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.warn("Exception in LoggingRequestInterceptor while tracing request", e);
        }

        ClientHttpResponse response = execution.execute(request, body);

        try {
            traceResponse(response);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // ignore the exception here, as it will be handled by the error handler of the restTemplate
            log.warn("Exception in LoggingRequestInterceptor", e);
        }
        return response;
    }

    private void traceRequest(HttpRequest request, byte[] body) {
        log.info("===========================request begin================================================");
        log.info("URI         : {}", request.getURI());
        log.info("Method      : {}", request.getMethod());
        log.info("Headers     : {}", request.getHeaders());
        log.info("Request body: {}", new String(body, UTF_8));
        log.info("==========================request end================================================");
    }

    private void traceResponse(ClientHttpResponse response) throws IOException {
        StringBuilder inputStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
        try (BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(response.getBody(), UTF_8))) {
            String line = bufferedReader.readLine();
            while (line != null) {
                inputStringBuilder.append(line);
                inputStringBuilder.append(LINE_BREAK);
                line = bufferedReader.readLine();
            }
        }

        log.info("============================response begin==========================================");
        log.info("Status code  : {}", response.getStatusCode());
        log.info("Status text  : {}", response.getStatusText());
        log.info("Headers      : {}", response.getHeaders());
        log.info("Response body: {}", inputStringBuilder);
        log.info("=======================response end=================================================");
    }

}

最好的方法是向应用程序添加loggging.level.org.springframework.web.client.resttemplate =DEBUG。属性文件。

其他解决方案,如设置log4j.logger.httpclient。wire不会总是工作,因为它们假设您使用log4j和Apache HttpClient,这并不总是正确的。

但是请注意,此语法仅适用于最新版本的Spring Boot。

下面是我用来在RestTemplate中记录整个http请求/响应而不丢失响应体信息的解决方案。Spring引导版本为<version>2.7.5</version>

1.创建LoggingInterceptor类

@Component
@Slf4j
public class LoggingInterceptor implements ClientHttpRequestInterceptor {

    @Override
    public ClientHttpResponse intercept(final HttpRequest request, final byte[] body, final ClientHttpRequestExecution execution) throws IOException {
        traceRequest(request, body);
        ClientHttpResponse response = execution.execute(request, body);
        response = traceResponse(response);
        return response;
    }

    private void traceRequest(HttpRequest request, byte[] body) throws IOException {
        if (!log.isDebugEnabled()) {
            return;
        }
        log.debug("=========================== Request Begin ===========================");
        log.debug("URI          : " + request.getURI());
        log.debug("Method       : " + request.getMethod());
        log.debug("Headers      : " + request.getHeaders());
        log.debug("Body : " + new String(body, "utf-8"));
        log.debug("============================ Request End ============================");

    }

    private ClientHttpResponse traceResponse(ClientHttpResponse response) throws IOException {
        if (!log.isDebugEnabled()) {
            return response;
        }
        ClientHttpResponse newCopiedResponse = new BufferingClientHttpResponseWrapper(response);
        StringBuilder inputStringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
        BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(newCopiedResponse.getBody(), "UTF-8"));
        String line = bufferedReader.readLine();
        while (line != null) {
            inputStringBuilder.append(line);
            line = bufferedReader.readLine();
        }
        log.debug("=========================== Response Begin ===========================");
        log.debug("Status code   : {}", response.getStatusCode());
        log.debug("Status text   : {}", response.getStatusText());
        log.debug("Headers       : {}", response.getHeaders());
        log.debug("Response Body : {}", inputStringBuilder.toString());
        log.debug("============================ Response End ============================");
        return newCopiedResponse;

    }

    /**
     * Wrapper around ClientHttpResponse, buffers the body so it can be read repeatedly (for logging & consuming the result).
     */
    private static class BufferingClientHttpResponseWrapper implements ClientHttpResponse {

        private final ClientHttpResponse response;
        private byte[] body;

        public BufferingClientHttpResponseWrapper(ClientHttpResponse response) {
            this.response = response;
        }

        @Override
        public InputStream getBody() throws IOException {
            if (body == null) {
                body = StreamUtils.copyToByteArray(response.getBody());
            }
            return new ByteArrayInputStream(body);
        }

        @Override
        public HttpStatus getStatusCode() throws IOException {
            return this.response.getStatusCode();
        }

        @Override
        public int getRawStatusCode() throws IOException {
            return this.response.getRawStatusCode();
        }

        @Override
        public String getStatusText() throws IOException {
            return this.response.getStatusText();
        }

        @Override
        public HttpHeaders getHeaders() {
            return this.response.getHeaders();
        }

        @Override
        public void close() {
            this.response.close();
        }
    }

}

2.将其附加到RestTemplate bean

@Configuration
public class RestTemplateConfig {

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate createRestTemplate(LoggingInterceptor loggingInterceptor) {

        RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
        restTemplate.setInterceptors(Collections.singletonList(loggingInterceptor));

        return restTemplate;
    }
}

3.在应用程序中应用适当的级别

logging:
  level:
    com:
      test: DEBUG

除了在另一个答案中描述的HttpClient日志之外,您还可以引入一个ClientHttpRequestInterceptor,它读取请求体和响应并记录它。如果其他东西也使用HttpClient,或者你想要一个自定义的日志格式,你可能需要这样做。注意:您需要给RestTemplate一个BufferingClientHttpRequestFactory,这样您就可以读取两次响应。