我将举例解释:
猫王运算符(?:)
“猫王运算符”是缩写
Java的三元运算符。一个
这很方便的例子是
返回一个“合理的默认值”
如果表达式解析为false或
null。一个简单的例子是这样的
这样的:
def gender = user.male ? "male" : "female" //traditional ternary operator usage
def displayName = user.name ?: "Anonymous" //more compact Elvis operator
安全导航操作员(?.)
使用安全导航操作符
来避免NullPointerException。
通常当你有一个参考
您可能需要验证的对象
在访问前它不是空的
对象的方法或属性。
为了避免这种情况，安全航行
运算符将简单地返回null
而不是抛出异常，比如
所以:
def user = User.find( "admin" ) //this might be null if 'admin' does not exist
def streetName = user?.address?.street //streetName will be null if user or user.address is null - no NPE thrown
这是一个简单的猫王运算符等价:
function elvis(object, path) {
return path ? path.split('.').reduce(function (nestedObject, key) {
return nestedObject && nestedObject[key];
}, object) : object;
}
> var o = { a: { b: 2 }, c: 3 };
> elvis(o)
{ a: { b: 2 }, c: 3 }
> elvis(o, 'a');
{ b: 2 }
> elvis(o, 'a.b');
2
> elvis(o, 'x');
undefined
我阅读了这篇文章(https://www.beyondjava.net/elvis-operator-aka-safe-navigation-javascript-typescript)，并使用代理修改了解决方案。
function safe(obj) {
return new Proxy(obj, {
get: function(target, name) {
const result = target[name];
if (!!result) {
return (result instanceof Object)? safe(result) : result;
}
return safe.nullObj;
},
});
}
safe.nullObj = safe({});
safe.safeGet= function(obj, expression) {
let safeObj = safe(obj);
let safeResult = expression(safeObj);
if (safeResult === safe.nullObj) {
return undefined;
}
return safeResult;
}
你这样称呼它:
safe.safeGet(example, (x) => x.foo.woo)
如果表达式在其路径上遇到null或undefined，则结果将是未定义的。你可以随意修改Object原型!
Object.prototype.getSafe = function (expression) {
return safe.safeGet(this, expression);
};
example.getSafe((x) => x.foo.woo);
我有一个解决方案，根据你自己的需要来调整，摘自我的一篇文章:
elvisStructureSeparator: '.',
// An Elvis operator replacement. See:
// http://coffeescript.org/ --> The Existential Operator
// http://fantom.org/doc/docLang/Expressions.html#safeInvoke
//
// The fn parameter has a SPECIAL SYNTAX. E.g.
// some.structure['with a selector like this'].value transforms to
// 'some.structure.with a selector like this.value' as an fn parameter.
//
// Configurable with tulebox.elvisStructureSeparator.
//
// Usage examples:
// tulebox.elvis(scope, 'arbitrary.path.to.a.function', fnParamA, fnParamB, fnParamC);
// tulebox.elvis(this, 'currentNode.favicon.filename');
elvis: function (scope, fn) {
tulebox.dbg('tulebox.elvis(' + scope + ', ' + fn + ', args...)');
var implicitMsg = '....implicit value: undefined ';
if (arguments.length < 2) {
tulebox.dbg(implicitMsg + '(1)');
return undefined;
}
// prepare args
var args = [].slice.call(arguments, 2);
if (scope === null || fn === null || scope === undefined || fn === undefined
|| typeof fn !== 'string') {
tulebox.dbg(implicitMsg + '(2)');
return undefined;
}
// check levels
var levels = fn.split(tulebox.elvisStructureSeparator);
if (levels.length < 1) {
tulebox.dbg(implicitMsg + '(3)');
return undefined;
}
var lastLevel = scope;
for (var i = 0; i < levels.length; i++) {
if (lastLevel[levels[i]] === undefined) {
tulebox.dbg(implicitMsg + '(4)');
return undefined;
}
lastLevel = lastLevel[levels[i]];
}
// real return value
if (typeof lastLevel === 'function') {
var ret = lastLevel.apply(scope, args);
tulebox.dbg('....function value: ' + ret);
return ret;
} else {
tulebox.dbg('....direct value: ' + lastLevel);
return lastLevel;
}
},
效果非常好。享受较少的痛苦!
这是一个简单的猫王运算符等价:
function elvis(object, path) {
return path ? path.split('.').reduce(function (nestedObject, key) {
return nestedObject && nestedObject[key];
}, object) : object;
}
> var o = { a: { b: 2 }, c: 3 };
> elvis(o)
{ a: { b: 2 }, c: 3 }
> elvis(o, 'a');
{ b: 2 }
> elvis(o, 'a.b');
2
> elvis(o, 'x');
undefined
