你可以查询这个注册表值直接得到SQL版本:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server\90\Tools\ClientSetup\CurrentVersion

或者你可以查询你的实例名，然后使用sqlcmd和你想要的实例名:

要查看实例名:

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server\Instance Names

然后执行这个:

SELECT SERVERPROPERTY('productversion'), SERVERPROPERTY ('productlevel'), SERVERPROPERTY ('edition')

如果您使用c++，您可以使用这段代码来获取注册表信息。

If you just want to see what's installed on the machine you're currently logged in to, I think the most straightforward manual process is to just open the SQL Server Configuration Manager (from the Start menu), which displays all the SQL Services (and only SQL services) on that hardware (running or not). This assumes SQL Server 2005, or greater; dotnetengineer's recommendation to use the Services Management Console will show you all services, and should always be available (if you're running earlier versions of SQL Server, for example).

If you're looking for a broader discovery process, however, you might consider third party tools such as SQLRecon and SQLPing, which will scan your network and build a report of all SQL Service instances found on any server to which they have access. It's been a while since I've used tools like this, but I was surprised at what they found (namely, a handful of instances that I didn't know existed). YMMV. You might Google for details, but I believe this page has the relevant downloads: http://www.sqlsecurity.com/Tools/FreeTools/tabid/65/Default.aspx

安装的所有实例都应该显示在Microsoft管理控制台的服务管理单元中。如果需要获取实例名，请执行“开始|运行|类型的服务”。查找所有带有“Sql Server(实例名)”的条目。

我也有同样的问题。“osql -L”命令只显示服务器列表，但不显示实例名(只显示本地SQL server的实例)。 通过Wireshark, sqlbrowser.exe(可以在SQL安装的共享文件夹中找到)，我找到了解决我的问题的方法。

本地实例由注册表项解析。远程实例通过UDP广播(端口1434)和SMB进行解析。 使用"sqlbrowser.exe -c"列出请求。

My configuration uses 1 physical and 3 virtual network adapters. If I used the "osql -L" command the sqlbrowser displayed a request from one of the virtual adaptors (which is in another network segment), instead of the physical one. osql selects the adpater by its metric. You can see the metric with command "route print". For my configuration the routing table showed a lower metric for teh virtual adapter then for the physical. So I changed the interface metric in the network properties by deselecting automatic metric in the advanced network settings. osql now uses the physical adapter.

我刚刚安装了Sql server 2008，但我无法连接到任何数据库实例。 @G Mastros发布的命令没有列出活动实例。

因此，我查看了服务，发现SQL server代理被禁用。我把它设置为自动，然后再启动。

这个查询可以得到服务器名和实例名:

SELECT @@SERVERNAME, @@SERVICENAME