另一个选择是运行SQLSERVER发现报告，进入SQLSERVER安装介质，双击setup.exe

在下一个屏幕中，转到工具并单击如下所示的发现报告

这将向你展示所有的实例以及整个功能..下面是我电脑上的快照

在命令行中:

SQLCMD -L

or

OSQL -L

(注:必须大写L)

这将列出网络上安装的所有sql server。您可以设置一些配置选项来防止SQL Server显示在列表中。要做到这一点…

在命令行:

svrnetcn

在启用的协议列表中，选择“TCP/IP”，然后单击属性。有一个“隐藏服务器”的复选框。

如果你在SSMS内，你可能会发现它更容易使用:

SELECT @@Version

——T-SQL查询查找机器上已安装的实例列表

DECLARE @GetInstances TABLE
( Value nvarchar(100),
 InstanceNames nvarchar(100),
 Data nvarchar(100))

Insert into @GetInstances
EXECUTE xp_regread
  @rootkey = 'HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE',
  @key = 'SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server',
  @value_name = 'InstalledInstances'

Select InstanceNames from @GetInstances 

我刚刚安装了Sql server 2008，但我无法连接到任何数据库实例。 @G Mastros发布的命令没有列出活动实例。

因此，我查看了服务，发现SQL server代理被禁用。我把它设置为自动，然后再启动。

If you just want to see what's installed on the machine you're currently logged in to, I think the most straightforward manual process is to just open the SQL Server Configuration Manager (from the Start menu), which displays all the SQL Services (and only SQL services) on that hardware (running or not). This assumes SQL Server 2005, or greater; dotnetengineer's recommendation to use the Services Management Console will show you all services, and should always be available (if you're running earlier versions of SQL Server, for example).

If you're looking for a broader discovery process, however, you might consider third party tools such as SQLRecon and SQLPing, which will scan your network and build a report of all SQL Service instances found on any server to which they have access. It's been a while since I've used tools like this, but I was surprised at what they found (namely, a handful of instances that I didn't know existed). YMMV. You might Google for details, but I believe this page has the relevant downloads: http://www.sqlsecurity.com/Tools/FreeTools/tabid/65/Default.aspx