一个Mocha测试用例示例:

describe('Check version of node', function () {
    it('Should test version assert', async function () {

            var version = process.version;
            var check = parseFloat(version.substr(1,version.length)) > 12.0;
            console.log("version: "+version);
            console.log("check: " +check);         
            assert.equal(check, true);
    });});

在package.json中添加以下内容:

  "engines": {
    "npm": ">=8.0.0 <9.0.0",
    "node": ">=16.0.0 <17.0.0"
  },

将以下内容添加到.npmrc(与package.json相同目录):

engine-strict=true

以下是我完整的现成脚本，基于亚当的回答。

check-version.js:

/* eslint-disable no-console */
const fs = require('fs');
const semver = require('semver');
const childProcess = require('child_process');

// checks that current node and npm versions satisfies requirements in package.json
// to run manually:   node check-version.js [verbose]

const VERBOSE_FORCED = false;    
const args = process.argv.slice(2);
const VERBOSE = VERBOSE_FORCED || (args.length > 0 && args[0] === 'verbose');

const printErrAndExit = (x) => {
  console.error(x);
  console.error('Aborting');
  process.exit(1);
};

const checkNpmVersion = (npmVersionRequired) => {
  if (!npmVersionRequired) {
    console.log('No required npm version specified');
    return;
  }
  const npmVersion = `${childProcess.execSync('npm -v')}`.trim();
  if (VERBOSE) console.log(`npm required: '${npmVersionRequired}' - current: '${npmVersion}'`);
  if (!semver.satisfies(npmVersion, npmVersionRequired)) {
    printErrAndExit(`Required npm version '${npmVersionRequired}' not satisfied. Current: '${npmVersion}'.`);
  }
};

const checkNodeVersion = (nodeVersionRequired) => {
  if (!nodeVersionRequired) {
    console.log('No required node version specified');
    return;
  }
  const nodeVersion = process.version;
  if (VERBOSE) console.log(`node required: '${nodeVersionRequired}' - current: '${nodeVersion}'`);
  if (!semver.satisfies(nodeVersion, nodeVersionRequired)) {
    printErrAndExit(`Required node version '${nodeVersionRequired}' not satisfied. Current: '${nodeVersion}'.`);
  }
};

const json = JSON.parse(fs.readFileSync('./package.json'));
if (!json.engines) printErrAndExit('no engines entry in package json?');
checkNodeVersion(json.engines.node);
checkNpmVersion(json.engines.npm);

它应该放在根项目目录中。

它检查包中指定的节点和/或npm版本。Json(引擎条目)，例如

  "engines": {
    "node": ">=16.0.0 <17.0.0",
    "npm": ">=8.0.0 <9.0.0"
  },

您可以手动调用它

Node check-version.js [verbose]

或者将其作为脚本包含在package json中，无论是作为独立脚本还是作为其他脚本的先决条件，例如

"scripts" : {
  "start": "node check-version.js && vite",
  "build": "node check-version.js && vite build",
  "lint": "node check-version.js && eslint .",
  "check-version": "node check-version.js verbose"
},

还有另一种更简单的方法:

npm安装Node@8(将Node 8保存为package.json中的依赖项) 您的应用程序将使用Node 8为任何人运行-甚至Yarn用户!

这是因为node只是一个包，它将node作为它的包二进制文件发布。它只是包含node_module/.bin，这意味着它只使node对包脚本可用。不是主外壳。

查看Twitter上的讨论:https://twitter.com/housecor/status/962347301456015360

就像Ibam所说的，engineStrict现在已弃用。但我找到了这个解决方案:

check-version.js:

import semver from 'semver';
import { engines } from './package';

const version = engines.node;
if (!semver.satisfies(process.version, version)) {
  console.log(`Required node version ${version} not satisfied with current version ${process.version}.`);
  process.exit(1);
}

package.json:

{
  "name": "my package",
  "engines": {
    "node": ">=50.9" // intentionally so big version number
  },
  "scripts": {
    "requirements-check": "babel-node check-version.js",
    "postinstall": "npm run requirements-check"
  }
}

点击这里了解更多信息: https://medium.com/@adambisek/how-to-check-minimum-required-node-js-version-4a78a8855a0f#.3oslqmig4

.nvmrc

还有一件事。 一个点文件。Nvmrc '可用于要求特定的节点版本- https://github.com/creationix/nvm#nvmrc

但是，它只被npm脚本(和yarn脚本)尊重。

一个Mocha测试用例示例:

describe('Check version of node', function () {
    it('Should test version assert', async function () {

            var version = process.version;
            var check = parseFloat(version.substr(1,version.length)) > 12.0;
            console.log("version: "+version);
            console.log("check: " +check);         
            assert.equal(check, true);
    });});