Parcelable state;

@Override
public void onPause() {    
    // Save ListView state @ onPause
    Log.d(TAG, "saving listview state");
    state = listView.onSaveInstanceState();
    super.onPause();
}
...

@Override
public void onViewCreated(final View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
    // Set new items
    listView.setAdapter(adapter);
    ...
    // Restore previous state (including selected item index and scroll position)
    if(state != null) {
        Log.d(TAG, "trying to restore listview state");
        listView.onRestoreInstanceState(state);
    }
}

用于从实现LoaderManager的ListActivity派生的活动。LoaderCallbacks使用SimpleCursorAdapter，它不能恢复onReset()中的位置，因为活动几乎总是重新启动，并且当详细信息视图关闭时适配器被重新加载。诀窍是恢复onLoadFinished()中的位置:

在onListItemClick ():

// save the selected item position when an item was clicked
// to open the details
index = getListView().getFirstVisiblePosition();
View v = getListView().getChildAt(0);
top = (v == null) ? 0 : (v.getTop() - getListView().getPaddingTop());

在onLoadFinished ():

// restore the selected item which was saved on item click
// when details are closed and list is shown again
getListView().setSelectionFromTop(index, top);

在onBackPressed ():

// Show the top item at next start of the app
index = 0;
top = 0;

为了澄清Ryan Newsom的精彩回答并针对片段进行调整通常情况下，我们想要从主ListView片段导航到细节片段然后再返回主ListView片段

    private View root;
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState)
        {
           if(root == null){
             root = inflater.inflate(R.layout.myfragmentid,container,false);
             InitializeView(); 
           } 
           return root; 
        }

    public void InitializeView()
    {
        ListView listView = (ListView)root.findViewById(R.id.listviewid);
        BaseAdapter adapter = CreateAdapter();//Create your adapter here
        listView.setAdpater(adapter);
        //other initialization code
    }

这里的“神奇”是，当我们从细节片段导航回ListView片段时，视图不会被重新创建，我们不设置ListView的适配器，所以一切都保持不变!

对于一些正在寻找此问题解决方案的人来说，问题的根源可能在于您设置列表视图适配器的位置。在列表视图上设置适配器后，它将重置滚动位置。只是需要考虑一下。我移动设置适配器到我的onCreateView后，我们抓取引用到列表视图，它解决了我的问题。=)

如果在重新加载前保存状态，并在重新加载后恢复状态，则可以在重新加载后保持滚动状态。在我的情况下，我做了一个异步网络请求，并在它完成后在回调中重新加载列表。这是我恢复状态的地方。代码示例是Kotlin。

val state = myList.layoutManager.onSaveInstanceState()

getNewThings() { newThings: List<Thing> ->

    myList.adapter.things = newThings
    myList.layoutManager.onRestoreInstanceState(state)
}

一个非常简单的方法:

/** Save the position **/
int currentPosition = listView.getFirstVisiblePosition();

//Here u should save the currentPosition anywhere

/** Restore the previus saved position **/
listView.setSelection(savedPosition);

方法setSelection将把列表重置为所提供的项。如果不是在触摸模式，项目将实际被选中，如果在触摸模式，项目将只定位在屏幕上。

一个更复杂的方法:

listView.setOnScrollListener(this);

//Implements the interface:
@Override
public void onScroll(AbsListView view, int firstVisibleItem,
            int visibleItemCount, int totalItemCount) {
    mCurrentX = view.getScrollX();
    mCurrentY = view.getScrollY();
}

@Override
public void onScrollStateChanged(AbsListView view, int scrollState) {

}

//Save anywere the x and the y

/** Restore: **/
listView.scrollTo(savedX, savedY);