我如何传递一个字符串到子进程。Popen(使用stdin参数)?

如果我这样做:

import subprocess
from cStringIO import StringIO
subprocess.Popen(['grep','f'],stdout=subprocess.PIPE,stdin=StringIO('one\ntwo\nthree\nfour\nfive\nsix\n')).communicate()[0]

我得到:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
  File "/build/toolchain/mac32/python-2.4.3/lib/python2.4/subprocess.py", line 533, in __init__
    (p2cread, p2cwrite,
  File "/build/toolchain/mac32/python-2.4.3/lib/python2.4/subprocess.py", line 830, in _get_handles
    p2cread = stdin.fileno()
AttributeError: 'cStringIO.StringI' object has no attribute 'fileno'

显然是cStringIO。StringIO对象的嘎嘎声不够接近文件鸭子，不适合subprocess.Popen。我怎么解决这个问题呢?

当前回答

"""
Ex: Dialog (2-way) with a Popen()
"""

p = subprocess.Popen('Your Command Here',
                 stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
                 stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
                 stdin=PIPE,
                 shell=True,
                 bufsize=0)
p.stdin.write('START\n')
out = p.stdout.readline()
while out:
  line = out
  line = line.rstrip("\n")

  if "WHATEVER1" in line:
      pr = 1
      p.stdin.write('DO 1\n')
      out = p.stdout.readline()
      continue

  if "WHATEVER2" in line:
      pr = 2
      p.stdin.write('DO 2\n')
      out = p.stdout.readline()
      continue
"""
..........
"""

out = p.stdout.readline()

p.wait()

2013-06-14 13:20:23

其他回答

这对于grep来说有点过分了，但是通过我的学习，我已经了解了Linux命令expect和python库pexpect

期望:对话与互动程序 pexpect:用于生成子应用程序的Python模块;控制他们;并在他们的输出中响应预期的模式。

import pexpect
child = pexpect.spawn('grep f', timeout=10)
child.sendline('text to match')
print(child.before)

使用pexpect使用交互式shell应用程序(如ftp)非常简单

import pexpect
child = pexpect.spawn ('ftp ftp.openbsd.org')
child.expect ('Name .*: ')
child.sendline ('anonymous')
child.expect ('Password:')
child.sendline ('noah@example.com')
child.expect ('ftp> ')
child.sendline ('ls /pub/OpenBSD/')
child.expect ('ftp> ')
print child.before   # Print the result of the ls command.
child.interact()     # Give control of the child to the user.

2021-03-22 21:35:46

如果您使用的是Python 3.4或更高版本，那么有一个很好的解决方案。使用input参数而不是stdin参数，它接受bytes参数:

output_bytes = subprocess.check_output(
    ["sed", "s/foo/bar/"],
    input=b"foo",
)

这适用于check_output和run，但不适用于call或check_call。

在Python 3.7+中，你还可以添加text=True，使check_output接受一个字符串作为输入并返回一个字符串(而不是字节):

output_string = subprocess.check_output(
    ["sed", "s/foo/bar/"],
    input="foo",
    text=True,
)

2016-12-08 10:04:26

我使用python3，发现你需要编码你的字符串，然后才能将它传递到stdin:

p = Popen(['grep', 'f'], stdout=PIPE, stdin=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
out, err = p.communicate(input='one\ntwo\nthree\nfour\nfive\nsix\n'.encode())
print(out)

2014-07-27 15:29:17

显然是cStringIO。StringIO对象的嘎嘎声不够接近适合子进程的文件鸭。Popen

恐怕不行。管道是一个低级的操作系统概念，因此它绝对需要一个由操作系统级文件描述符表示的文件对象。你的解决方法是正确的。

2008-10-02 18:33:23

Beware that Popen.communicate(input=s)may give you trouble ifsis too big, because apparently the parent process will buffer it before forking the child subprocess, meaning it needs "twice as much" used memory at that point (at least according to the "under the hood" explanation and linked documentation found here). In my particular case,swas a generator that was first fully expanded and only then written tostdin so the parent process was huge right before the child was spawned, and no memory was left to fork it:

文件“/opt/local/stow/python-2.7.2/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py”，第1130行，在_execute_child中自我。Pid = os.fork() OSError: [Errno 12]不能分配内存

2014-05-19 14:56:38

我如何传递一个字符串到子进程。Popen(使用stdin参数)?

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