就我个人而言，我认为Java日历API的奇特之处表明，我需要摆脱以格里高利为中心的思维方式，并尝试在这方面更加不可知论地编程。具体来说，我再次学会了避免对月份之类的常量进行硬编码。

下面哪个选项更可能是正确的?

if (date.getMonth() == 3) out.print("March");

if (date.getMonth() == Calendar.MARCH) out.print("March");

这说明了Joda Time让我有点恼火的一件事——它可能会鼓励程序员从硬编码常数的角度思考问题。(不过只有一点点。Joda并不是在强迫程序员糟糕地编程。)

对我来说，没有人比mindpro.com更能解释这一点:

Gotchas java.util.GregorianCalendar has far fewer bugs and gotchas than the old java.util.Date class but it is still no picnic. Had there been programmers when Daylight Saving Time was first proposed, they would have vetoed it as insane and intractable. With daylight saving, there is a fundamental ambiguity. In the fall when you set your clocks back one hour at 2 AM there are two different instants in time both called 1:30 AM local time. You can tell them apart only if you record whether you intended daylight saving or standard time with the reading. Unfortunately, there is no way to tell GregorianCalendar which you intended. You must resort to telling it the local time with the dummy UTC TimeZone to avoid the ambiguity. Programmers usually close their eyes to this problem and just hope nobody does anything during this hour. Millennium bug. The bugs are still not out of the Calendar classes. Even in JDK (Java Development Kit) 1.3 there is a 2001 bug. Consider the following code: GregorianCalendar gc = new GregorianCalendar(); gc.setLenient( false ); /* Bug only manifests if lenient set false */ gc.set( 2001, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0 ); int year = gc.get ( Calendar.YEAR ); /* throws exception */ The bug disappears at 7AM on 2001/01/01 for MST. GregorianCalendar is controlled by a giant of pile of untyped int magic constants. This technique totally destroys any hope of compile-time error checking. For example to get the month you use GregorianCalendar. get(Calendar.MONTH)); GregorianCalendar has the raw GregorianCalendar.get(Calendar.ZONE_OFFSET) and the daylight savings GregorianCalendar. get( Calendar. DST_OFFSET), but no way to get the actual time zone offset being used. You must get these two separately and add them together. GregorianCalendar.set( year, month, day, hour, minute) does not set the seconds to 0. DateFormat and GregorianCalendar do not mesh properly. You must specify the Calendar twice, once indirectly as a Date. If the user has not configured his time zone correctly it will default quietly to either PST or GMT. In GregorianCalendar, Months are numbered starting at January=0, rather than 1 as everyone else on the planet does. Yet days start at 1 as do days of the week with Sunday=1, Monday=2,… Saturday=7. Yet DateFormat. parse behaves in the traditional way with January=1.

我想说是懒惰。数组从0开始(每个人都知道);一年中的月份是一个数组，这让我相信Sun的一些工程师只是懒得在Java代码中加入这个小细节。

可能是因为C的“struct tm”也有同样的功能。

java.time.Month

Java为您提供了另一种使用基于1的索引的方法。使用java.time.Month enum。为12个月中的每个月预定义一个对象。他们在1月到12月之间分别有1-12号;调用getValue获取该号码。

利用Month。七月(给你7分) 而不是日历。七月(给你6分)。

(import java.time.*;)

因为程序员痴迷于基于0的索引。好吧，实际情况要比这复杂一些:当您使用基于0的索引来处理底层逻辑时，它更有意义。但总的来说，我还是会坚持我的第一句话。