简单地说，不同大小的子绘图也可以在没有网格规格的情况下完成:

plt.figure(figsize=(12, 6))
ax1 = plt.subplot(2,3,1)
ax2 = plt.subplot(2,3,2)
ax3 = plt.subplot(2,3,3)
ax4 = plt.subplot(2,1,2)
axes = [ax1, ax2, ax3, ax4]

简单地说，不同大小的子绘图也可以在没有网格规格的情况下完成:

plt.figure(figsize=(12, 6))
ax1 = plt.subplot(2,3,1)
ax2 = plt.subplot(2,3,2)
ax3 = plt.subplot(2,3,3)
ax4 = plt.subplot(2,1,2)
axes = [ax1, ax2, ax3, ax4]

我使用pyplot的axes对象手动调整大小，而不使用GridSpec:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
x = np.arange(0, 10, 0.2)
y = np.sin(x)

# definitions for the axes
left, width = 0.07, 0.65
bottom, height = 0.1, .8
bottom_h = left_h = left+width+0.02

rect_cones = [left, bottom, width, height]
rect_box = [left_h, bottom, 0.17, height]

fig = plt.figure()

cones = plt.axes(rect_cones)
box = plt.axes(rect_box)

cones.plot(x, y)

box.plot(y, x)

plt.show()

你可以使用gridspec和figure:

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 
from matplotlib import gridspec

# generate some data
x = np.arange(0, 10, 0.2)
y = np.sin(x)

# plot it
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(8, 6)) 
gs = gridspec.GridSpec(1, 2, width_ratios=[3, 1]) 
ax0 = plt.subplot(gs[0])
ax0.plot(x, y)
ax1 = plt.subplot(gs[1])
ax1.plot(y, x)

plt.tight_layout()
plt.savefig('grid_figure.pdf')

可能最简单的方法是使用subplot2grid，在使用GridSpec自定义Subplot的位置中有描述。

ax = plt.subplot2grid((2, 2), (0, 0))

等于

import matplotlib.gridspec as gridspec
gs = gridspec.GridSpec(2, 2)
ax = plt.subplot(gs[0, 0])

所以bmu的例子是:

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# generate some data
x = np.arange(0, 10, 0.2)
y = np.sin(x)

# plot it
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(8, 6))
ax0 = plt.subplot2grid((1, 3), (0, 0), colspan=2)
ax0.plot(x, y)
ax1 = plt.subplot2grid((1, 3), (0, 2))
ax1.plot(y, x)

plt.tight_layout()
plt.savefig('grid_figure.pdf')

从matplotlib 3.6.0开始，width_ratio和hight_ratio现在可以直接作为关键字参数传递给plt。subplots和subplot_mosaic，根据Matplotlib 3.6.0新增功能(2022年9月15日)。

F， (a0, a1) = plt。Subplots (1,2, width_ratio =[3,1])

F (a0, a1, a2) = plt。Subplots (3,1, hight_ratio =[1,1,3])

另一种方法是使用subplots函数并将宽度比传递给gridspec_kw matplotlib教程:使用GridSpec和其他函数定制图形布局 matplotlib.gridspec.GridSpec有可用的gridspect_kw选项

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 

# generate some data
x = np.arange(0, 10, 0.2)
y = np.sin(x)

# plot it
f, (a0, a1) = plt.subplots(1, 2, gridspec_kw={'width_ratios': [3, 1]})
a0.plot(x, y)
a1.plot(y, x)

f.tight_layout()
f.savefig('grid_figure.pdf')

因为这个问题是规范的，这里有一个带有垂直子图的例子。

# plot it
f, (a0, a1, a2) = plt.subplots(3, 1, gridspec_kw={'height_ratios': [1, 1, 3]})

a0.plot(x, y)
a1.plot(x, y)
a2.plot(x, y)

f.tight_layout()