下面是另一个使用字符串值而不是映射的例子。

public enum Operator {
    EQUAL(new String[]{"=","==","==="}),
    NOT_EQUAL(new String[]{"!=","<>"}),
    LESS_THAN(new String[]{"<"}),
    LESS_THAN_EQUAL(new String[]{"<="}),
    GREATER_THAN(new String[]{">"}),
    GREATER_THAN_EQUAL(new String[]{">="}),
    EXISTS(new String[]{"not null", "exists"}),
    NOT_EXISTS(new String[]{"is null", "not exists"}),
    MATCH(new String[]{"match"});

    private String[] value;

    Operator(String[] value) {
        this.value = value;
    }

    @JsonValue
    public String toStringOperator(){
        return value[0];
    }

    @JsonCreator
    public static Operator fromStringOperator(String stringOperator) {
        if(stringOperator != null) {
            for(Operator operator : Operator.values()) {
                for(String operatorString : operator.value) {
                    if (stringOperator.equalsIgnoreCase(operatorString)) {
                        return operator;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
}

下面是另一个使用字符串值而不是映射的例子。

public enum Operator {
    EQUAL(new String[]{"=","==","==="}),
    NOT_EQUAL(new String[]{"!=","<>"}),
    LESS_THAN(new String[]{"<"}),
    LESS_THAN_EQUAL(new String[]{"<="}),
    GREATER_THAN(new String[]{">"}),
    GREATER_THAN_EQUAL(new String[]{">="}),
    EXISTS(new String[]{"not null", "exists"}),
    NOT_EXISTS(new String[]{"is null", "not exists"}),
    MATCH(new String[]{"match"});

    private String[] value;

    Operator(String[] value) {
        this.value = value;
    }

    @JsonValue
    public String toStringOperator(){
        return value[0];
    }

    @JsonCreator
    public static Operator fromStringOperator(String stringOperator) {
        if(stringOperator != null) {
            for(Operator operator : Operator.values()) {
                for(String operatorString : operator.value) {
                    if (stringOperator.equalsIgnoreCase(operatorString)) {
                        return operator;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
}

如果您希望将枚举类与其JSON表示完全解耦，@xbakesx指出的序列化器/反序列化器解决方案是一个很好的解决方案。

或者，如果您更喜欢自包含的解决方案，那么基于@JsonCreator和@JsonValue注释的实现将更方便。

因此，利用@Stanley的例子，下面是一个完整的自包含解决方案(Java 6, Jackson 1.9):

public enum DeviceScheduleFormat {

    Weekday,
    EvenOdd,
    Interval;

    private static Map<String, DeviceScheduleFormat> namesMap = new HashMap<String, DeviceScheduleFormat>(3);

    static {
        namesMap.put("weekday", Weekday);
        namesMap.put("even-odd", EvenOdd);
        namesMap.put("interval", Interval);
    }

    @JsonCreator
    public static DeviceScheduleFormat forValue(String value) {
        return namesMap.get(StringUtils.lowerCase(value));
    }

    @JsonValue
    public String toValue() {
        for (Entry<String, DeviceScheduleFormat> entry : namesMap.entrySet()) {
            if (entry.getValue() == this)
                return entry.getKey();
        }

        return null; // or fail
    }
}

我发现了一个非常好的和简洁的解决方案，特别是当您不能修改枚举类时，就像在我的例子中一样。然后，您应该提供一个启用了特定特性的自定义ObjectMapper。这些特性从Jackson 1.6开始就可以使用了。所以你只需要在你的enum中写入toString()方法。

public class CustomObjectMapper extends ObjectMapper {
    @PostConstruct
    public void customConfiguration() {
        // Uses Enum.toString() for serialization of an Enum
        this.enable(WRITE_ENUMS_USING_TO_STRING);
        // Uses Enum.toString() for deserialization of an Enum
        this.enable(READ_ENUMS_USING_TO_STRING);
    }
}

还有更多与枚举相关的特性可用，请参见这里:

https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson-databind/wiki/Serialization-Features https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson-databind/wiki/Deserialization-Features

这里，'value'充当反序列化器，'namespace'充当序列化器。因此，你可以在保存时将值“Student Absent”传递给API，在DB中它将被保存为“STUDENT_ABSENT”。另一方面，在检索类中的数据时，API将返回“Student Absent”。

import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonProperty;
public enum AttendanceEnums {
    STUDENT_PRESENT,
    @JsonProperty(value = "Student Absent", namespace = "Student Absent")
    STUDENT_ABSENT;
}

我一直在寻找枚举序列化的解决方案，我终于做出了一个解决方案。

https://github.com/sirgilligan/EnumerationSerialization

https://digerati-illuminatus.blogspot.com/2022/10/java-enum-generic-serializer-and.html

它使用了一个新的注释和两个新类EnumerationSerializer和EnumerationDeserializer。您可以子类化EnumerationDeserializer，并创建一个设置枚举class的类(典型方法)，或者您可以注释枚举，并且不必拥有EnumerationDeserializer的子类。

@JsonSerialize(using = EnumerationSerializer.class)
@JsonDeserialize(using = EnumerationDeserializer.class)
@EnumJson(serializeProjection = Projection.NAME, deserializationClass = RGB.class)
enum RGB {
    RED,
    GREEN,
    BLUE
}

注意ContextualDeserializer的实现如何从注释中提取类。

https://github.com/sirgilligan/EnumerationSerialization/blob/main/src/main/java/org/example/EnumerationDeserializer.java

这里有很多很好的代码，可以提供一些见解。

对于你的具体问题，你可以这样做:

@JsonSerialize(using = EnumerationSerializer.class)
@JsonDeserialize(using = EnumerationDeserializer.class)
@EnumJson(serializeProjection = Projection.NAME, deserializationClass = Event.class)
public enum Event {
    FORGOT_PASSWORD("forgot password");

    //This annotation is optional because the code looks for value or alias.
    @EnumJson(serializeProjection = Projection.VALUE)
    private final String value;

    private Event(final String description) {
        this.value = description;
    }

}

或者你可以这样做:

@JsonSerialize(using = EnumerationSerializer.class)
@JsonDeserialize(using = EnumerationDeserializer.class)
@EnumJson(serializeProjection = Projection.NAME, deserializationClass = Event.class)
public enum Event {
    FORGOT_PASSWORD("forgot password");

    private final String value;

    private Event(final String description) {
        this.value = description;
    }

}

这就是你要做的。

然后，如果您有一个“有”事件的类，您可以注释每个事件以您想要的方式序列化。

class EventHolder {
    @EnumJson(serializeProjection = Projection.NAME)
    Event someEvent;

    @EnumJson(serializeProjection = Projection.ORDINAL)
    Event someOtherEvent;

    @EnumJson(serializeProjection = Projection.VALUE)
    Event yetAnotherEvent;
}