你应该指定配置的绝对路径，就像这样:

openssl req -x509 -config "C:\OpenSSL-Win64\bin\openssl.cnf" ...

在这种情况下，唯一对我有用的是自己创建的openssl.cnf文件。

以下是练习所需的基本知识(可根据需要编辑):

#
# OpenSSL configuration file.
#

# Establish working directory.

dir                         = .

[ ca ]
default_ca                  = CA_default

[ CA_default ]
serial                      = $dir/serial
database                    = $dir/certindex.txt
new_certs_dir               = $dir/certs
certificate                 = $dir/cacert.pem
private_key                 = $dir/private/cakey.pem
default_days                = 365
default_md                  = md5
preserve                    = no
email_in_dn                 = no
nameopt                     = default_ca
certopt                     = default_ca
policy                      = policy_match

[ policy_match ]
countryName                 = match
stateOrProvinceName         = match
organizationName            = match
organizationalUnitName      = optional
commonName                  = supplied
emailAddress                = optional

[ req ]
default_bits                = 1024          # Size of keys
default_keyfile             = key.pem       # name of generated keys
default_md                  = md5               # message digest algorithm
string_mask                 = nombstr       # permitted characters
distinguished_name          = req_distinguished_name
req_extensions              = v3_req

[ req_distinguished_name ]
# Variable name             Prompt string
#-------------------------    ----------------------------------
0.organizationName          = Organization Name (company)
organizationalUnitName      = Organizational Unit Name (department, division)
emailAddress                = Email Address
emailAddress_max            = 40
localityName                = Locality Name (city, district)
stateOrProvinceName         = State or Province Name (full name)
countryName                 = Country Name (2 letter code)
countryName_min             = 2
countryName_max             = 2
commonName                  = Common Name (hostname, IP, or your name)
commonName_max              = 64

# Default values for the above, for consistency and less typing.
# Variable name             Value
#------------------------     ------------------------------
0.organizationName_default  = My Company
localityName_default        = My Town
stateOrProvinceName_default = State or Providence
countryName_default         = US

[ v3_ca ]
basicConstraints            = CA:TRUE
subjectKeyIdentifier        = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier      = keyid:always,issuer:always

[ v3_req ]
basicConstraints            = CA:FALSE
subjectKeyIdentifier        = hash

我希望这对你有所帮助。

安装OpenSSL后，需要重新启动计算机，并以管理员身份运行。那么它就起作用了。

如果你使用的是Win32 OpenSSL v1.1.0g，设置这个环境变量:

set OPENSSL_CONF=C:\OpenSSL-Win32\bin\cnf\openssl.cnf

在运行此命令之前，先使用“server. exe”。Key”，成功创建server.csr:

openssl req -new -key server.key -out server.csr

在我的例子中，我需要使用config选项在命令上手动设置openssl.cnf文件的路径。所以这个命令

openssl req -x509 -config "C:\Users\sk\Downloads\openssl-0.9.8k_X64\openssl.cnf" -newkey rsa:4096 -keyout key.pem -out cert.pem -nodes -days 900

在Windows 10中，不需要重新启动，也不需要以管理员模式运行，而是像这样设置openssl配置:

set OPENSSL_CONF=C:\Program Files (x86)\GnuWin32\share\openssl.cnf

当然，如果你使用的是GnuWin32