我一直在做一个网站，我想在浏览器选项卡上添加一个小图标。
我怎么能在HTML中做到这一点，在代码的哪里，我需要把它(例如头)?我有一个。png徽标文件，我想转换为一个图标。
相关:HTML设置图像浏览器选项卡。
当前回答
HTML标准的链接rel=icon
为了完整起见，这个标准是这样写的:https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/links.html#rel-icon
The icon keyword may be used with link elements. This keyword creates an external resource link. The specified resource is an icon representing the page or site, and should be used by the user agent when representing the page in the user interface. [...] The following snippet shows the top part of an application with several icons. <!DOCTYPE HTML> <html lang="en"> <head> <title>lsForums — Inbox</title> <link rel=icon href=favicon.png sizes="16x16" type="image/png"> <link rel=icon href=windows.ico sizes="32x32 48x48" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"> <link rel=icon href=mac.icns sizes="128x128 512x512 8192x8192 32768x32768"> <link rel=icon href=iphone.png sizes="57x57" type="image/png"> <link rel=icon href=gnome.svg sizes="any" type="image/svg+xml"> <link rel=stylesheet href=lsforums.css> <script src=lsforums.js></script> <meta name=application-name content="lsForums"> </head> <body> ... For historical reasons, the icon keyword may be preceded by the keyword "shortcut". If the "shortcut" keyword is present, the rel attribute's entire value must be an ASCII case-insensitive match for the string "shortcut icon" (with a single U+0020 SPACE character between the tokens and no other ASCII whitespace).
其他回答
你可以为不同的设备设置许多不同的图标，甚至是启动画面。这个答案贯穿如何支持他们所有人。
以下是我使用的一些片段，以及我收集信息的相关链接。有关ASP的更多信息，请参阅我的博客。NET MVC样板项目模板，所有这些都内置在盒子里(包括示例图像文件)。
将以下标记添加到html头部。注释掉的部分是完全可选的。而未注释的部分建议涵盖所有的图标用法。不要害怕，如果这是最能帮助你的评论。
<!-- Icons & Platform Specific Settings - Favicon generator used to generate the icons below http://realfavicongenerator.net/ -->
<!-- shortcut icon - It is best to add this icon to the root of your site and only use this link element if you move it somewhere else. This file contains the following sizes 16x16, 32x32 and 48x48. -->
<!--<link rel="shortcut icon" href="favicon.ico">-->
<!-- favicon-96x96.png - For Google TV. -->
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/content/images/favicon-96x96.png" sizes="96x96">
<!-- favicon-16x16.png - The classic favicon, displayed in the tabs. -->
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/content/images/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16">
<!-- favicon-32x32.png - For Safari on Mac OS. -->
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/content/images/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32">
<!-- Android/Chrome -->
<!-- manifest-json - The location of the browser configuration file. It contains locations of icon files, name of the application and default device screen orientation. Note that the name field is mandatory.
https://developer.chrome.com/multidevice/android/installtohomescreen. -->
<link rel="manifest" href="/content/icons/manifest.json">
<!-- theme-color - The colour of the toolbar in Chrome M39+
http://updates.html5rocks.com/2014/11/Support-for-theme-color-in-Chrome-39-for-Android -->
<meta name="theme-color" content="#1E1E1E">
<!-- favicon-192x192.png - For Android Chrome M36 to M38 this HTML is used. M39+ uses the manifest.json file. -->
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/content/icons/favicon-192x192.png" sizes="192x192">
<!-- mobile-web-app-capable - Run Android/Chrome version M31 to M38 in standalone mode, hiding the browser chrome. -->
<!-- <meta name="mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes"> -->
<!-- Apple Icons - You can move all these icons to the root of the site and remove these link elements, if you don't mind the clutter.
https://developer.apple.com/library/safari/documentation/AppleApplications/Reference/SafariHTMLRef/Introduction.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/30001261-SW1 -->
<!-- apple-mobile-web-app-title - The name of the application if pinned to the IOS start screen. -->
<!--<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-title" content="">-->
<!-- apple-mobile-web-app-capable - Hide the browsers user interface on IOS, when the app is run in 'standalone' mode. Any links to other pages that are clicked whilst your app is in standalone mode will launch the full Safari browser. -->
<!--<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">-->
<!-- apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style - default/black/black-translucent Styles the IOS status bar. Using black-translucent makes it transparent and overlays it on top of your site, so make sure you have enough margin. -->
<!--<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black">-->
<!-- apple-touch-icon-57x57.png - Android Stock Browser and non-Retina iPhone and iPod Touch -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="57x57" href="/content/images/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png">
<!-- apple-touch-icon-114x114.png - iPhone (with 2× display) iOS = 6 -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="/content/images/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png">
<!-- apple-touch-icon-72x72.png - iPad mini and the first- and second-generation iPad (1× display) on iOS = 6 -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="/content/images/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png">
<!-- apple-touch-icon-144x144.png - iPad (with 2× display) iOS = 6 -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="/content/images/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png">
<!-- apple-touch-icon-60x60.png - Same as apple-touch-icon-57x57.png, for non-retina iPhone with iOS7. -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="/content/images/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png">
<!-- apple-touch-icon-120x120.png - iPhone (with 2× and 3 display) iOS = 7 -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="/content/images/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png">
<!-- apple-touch-icon-76x76.png - iPad mini and the first- and second-generation iPad (1× display) on iOS = 7 -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="/content/images/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png">
<!-- apple-touch-icon-152x152.png - iPad 3+ (with 2× display) iOS = 7 -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="/content/images/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png">
<!-- apple-touch-icon-180x180.png - iPad and iPad mini (with 2× display) iOS = 8 -->
<link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/content/images/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png">
<!-- Apple Startup Images - These are shown when the page is loading if the site is pinned https://gist.github.com/tfausak/2222823 -->
<!-- apple-touch-startup-image-1536x2008.png - iOS 6 & 7 iPad (retina, portrait) -->
<link rel="apple-touch-startup-image"
href="/content/images/apple-touch-startup-image-1536x2008.png"
media="(device-width: 768px) and (device-height: 1024px) and (orientation: portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2)">
<!-- apple-touch-startup-image-1496x2048.png - iOS 6 & 7 iPad (retina, landscape) -->
<link rel="apple-touch-startup-image"
href="/content/images/apple-touch-startup-image-1496x2048.png"
media="(device-width: 768px) and (device-height: 1024px) and (orientation: landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2)">
<!-- apple-touch-startup-image-768x1004.png - iOS 6 iPad (portrait) -->
<link rel="apple-touch-startup-image"
href="/content/images/apple-touch-startup-image-768x1004.png"
media="(device-width: 768px) and (device-height: 1024px) and (orientation: portrait) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 1)">
<!-- apple-touch-startup-image-748x1024.png - iOS 6 iPad (landscape) -->
<link rel="apple-touch-startup-image"
href="/content/images/apple-touch-startup-image-748x1024.png"
media="(device-width: 768px) and (device-height: 1024px) and (orientation: landscape) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 1)">
<!-- apple-touch-startup-image-640x1096.png - iOS 6 & 7 iPhone 5 -->
<link rel="apple-touch-startup-image"
href="/content/images/apple-touch-startup-image-640x1096.png"
media="(device-width: 320px) and (device-height: 568px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2)">
<!-- apple-touch-startup-image-640x920.png - iOS 6 & 7 iPhone (retina) -->
<link rel="apple-touch-startup-image"
href="/content/images/apple-touch-startup-image-640x920.png"
media="(device-width: 320px) and (device-height: 480px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 2)">
<!-- apple-touch-startup-image-320x460.png - iOS 6 iPhone -->
<link rel="apple-touch-startup-image"
href="/content/images/apple-touch-startup-image-320x460.png"
media="(device-width: 320px) and (device-height: 480px) and (-webkit-device-pixel-ratio: 1)">
<!-- Windows 8 Icons - If you add an RSS feed, revisit this page and regenerate the browserconfig.xml file. You will then have a cool live tile!
browserconfig.xml - Windows 8.1 - Has been added to the root of the site. This points to the tile images and tile background colour. It contains the following images:
mstile-70x70.png - For Windows 8.1 / IE11.
mstile-144x144.png - For Windows 8 / IE10.
mstile-150x150.png - For Windows 8.1 / IE11.
mstile-310x310.png - For Windows 8.1 / IE11.
mstile-310x150.png - For Windows 8.1 / IE11.
See http://www.buildmypinnedsite.com/en and http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-gb/library/ie/dn255024%28v=vs.85%29.aspx. -->
<!-- application-name - Windows 8+ - The name of the application if pinned to the start screen. -->
<!--<meta name="application-name" content="">-->
<!-- msapplication-TileColor - Windows 8 - The tile colour which shows around your tile image (msapplication-TileImage). -->
<meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#5cb95c">
<!-- msapplication-TileImage - Windows 8 - The tile image. -->
<meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="/content/images/mstile-144x144.png">
browserconfig.xml文件。上面有完整的解释。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<browserconfig>
<msapplication>
<tile>
<square70x70logo src="/Content/Images/mstile-70x70.png"/>
<square150x150logo src="/Content/Images/mstile-150x150.png"/>
<square310x310logo src="/Content/Images/mstile-310x310.png"/>
<wide310x150logo src="/Content/Images/mstile-310x150.png"/>
<TileColor>#5cb95c</TileColor>
</tile>
</msapplication>
</browserconfig>
我的清单。json文件。上面有完整的解释。
{
"name": "ASP.NET MVC Boilerplate (Required! Update This)",
"icons": [
{
"src": "\/Content\/icons\/android-chrome-36x36.png",
"sizes": "36x36",
"type": "image\/png",
"density": "0.75"
},
{
"src": "\/Content\/icons\/android-chrome-48x48.png",
"sizes": "48x48",
"type": "image\/png",
"density": "1.0"
},
{
"src": "\/Content\/icons\/android-chrome-72x72.png",
"sizes": "72x72",
"type": "image\/png",
"density": "1.5"
},
{
"src": "\/Content\/icons\/android-chrome-96x96.png",
"sizes": "96x96",
"type": "image\/png",
"density": "2.0"
},
{
"src": "\/Content\/icons\/android-chrome-144x144.png",
"sizes": "144x144",
"type": "image\/png",
"density": "3.0"
},
{
"src": "\/Content\/icons\/android-chrome-192x192.png",
"sizes": "192x192",
"type": "image\/png",
"density": "4.0"
}
]
}
项目中的文件列表(请注意，如果您决定将其中一些文件放在项目的根目录下，以避免使用上述元标记，则这些文件的名称非常重要):
favicon.ico
browserconfig.xml
Content/Images/
android-chrome-144x144.png
android-chrome-192x192.png
android-chrome-36x36.png
android-chrome-48x48.png
android-chrome-72x72.png
android-chrome-96x96.png
apple-touch-icon.png
apple-touch-icon-57x57.png
apple-touch-icon-60x60.png
apple-touch-icon-72x72.png
apple-touch-icon-76x76.png
apple-touch-icon-114x114.png
apple-touch-icon-120x120.png
apple-touch-icon-144x144.png
apple-touch-icon-152x152.png
apple-touch-icon-180x180.png
apple-touch-icon-precomposed.png (180x180)
favicon-16x16.png
favicon-32x32.png
favicon-96x96.png
favicon-192x192.png
manifest.json
mstile-70x70.png
mstile-144x144.png
mstile-150x150.png
mstile-310x150.png
mstile-310x310.png
apple-touch-startup-image-1536x2008.png
apple-touch-startup-image-1496x2048.png
apple-touch-startup-image-768x1004.png
apple-touch-startup-image-748x1024.png
apple-touch-startup-image-640x1096.png
apple-touch-startup-image-640x920.png
apple-touch-startup-image-320x460.png
总开销
如果你去掉注释，那就是3KB的额外HTML，如果你不支持启动画面，那就是1.5KB。如果您对HTML内容使用GZIP压缩(现在每个人都应该这么做)，那么为了支持所有平台，每个请求将占用大约634字节的开销，或者在没有启动画面的情况下占用446字节。我个人认为支持IOS, Android和Windows设备是值得的，但这是你的选择，我只是给出选项!
关于当前Web图标/启动画面/设置情况的旁注
这种特定于供应商的图标、启动画面和特殊标签来控制网页浏览器或固定图标的情况是荒谬的。在理想的情况下，我们都可以使用favicon.svg文件，该文件无论大小都可以，并且可以放在页面的根位置。在撰写本文时，只有FireFox支持此功能(参见CanIUse.com)。
然而，图标并不是目前唯一的设置，还有其他一些特定于供应商的设置(如上所示)，但favicon.svg文件将涵盖大多数用例。
更新
更新到包括新的Android/Chrome版本M39+ favicon/主题选项。有趣的是，他们采用了与微软类似的方法，但使用的是JSON文件而不是XML。
实际上有两种方法可以在网站上添加图标。
< =“icon”铁路链接>
只需将以下代码添加到<head>元素中:
<link rel="icon" href="http://example.com/favicon.png">
大多数浏览器都支持PNG格式的favicons，除了IE <= 10。为了向后兼容，您可以使用ICO favicons。
注意，你不再需要在rel属性的图标前面加上快捷键了。来自MDN链路类型:
快捷链接类型经常出现在图标之前，但这种链接类型是不符合要求的，被忽略了，web作者不能再使用它了。
根目录下的Favicon.ico
来自另一个SO答案(@mercator):
所有现代浏览器(在Chrome 4、Firefox 3.5、IE8、Opera 10和Safari 4上进行了测试)总是会请求favicon.ico，除非你通过<link>指定了一个快捷图标。
你所要做的就是让/favicon。ico请求返回你的favicon。不幸的是，这个选项不允许你使用PNG图标。
另见favicon.png vs favicon.ico -为什么我应该使用PNG而不是ICO?
我没有用过其他的，但https://realfavicongenerator.net/似乎是首选，这里还没有提到它。
它支持svg作为生成favicons的源图像，并提供了用于覆盖不同平台的图像的有用选项。此外，默认情况下，它不会生成大量的图像来向后兼容每个过时的平台。相反，它提供了一些选项来检查是否需要它们。
从开发者发给我的邮件来看，他们还计划增加对生成SVG favicons的支持，以及SVG主题敏感性，我认为这是一个非常棒的功能。
对于Chrome浏览器显示页面图标(favicon)，您需要从托管服务器检查您的网站，或者您可以在PC上开发和测试您的网站时使用本地主机。
我已经成功地为我的网站做到了这一点。
唯一的例外是，SeaMonkey浏览器需要HTML代码插入<head>;然而，其他浏览器仍然会显示favicon.ico，没有任何HTML插入。此外，除IE之外的任何浏览器都可能使用其他类型的图像，而不仅仅是.ico格式。我希望这能有所帮助。
