This error can also occur if you try to change the directory where the database is stored, but imput the wrong directory in the configuration file (like a typo in the second drive as D instead of the accurate D_). Instead of telling you the typo directory does not exist, it will tell you that you lack permission to access it (leading you to try to change the permissions for the typo directory, which it will let you do). So if you get this error while changing directories, double check the configuration file and make sure you don't have a typo.

对我来说是:

打开/etc/mysql/my.cnf或/etc/my.cnf，搜索“bind-address”。结果是127.0.0.1。我将其转换为localhost，因此行结果应该是'bind-address = localhost'。

否则，你应该使用bind-address指令中存在的IP地址运行你的MySQL服务器，即MySQL -h 127.0.0.1。

我通过执行以下命令修复了这个问题:

mysql.server start

如果你在mac上使用brew安装mysql，只需使用:

brew services start mysql

升级MySQL为我解决了这个问题。在基于rhel的服务器上，只需运行:

sudo yum upgrade mysql-server

我也遇到了这个问题，但我刚刚遇到了:

sudo service mysql restart 

这对我很管用。

打开终端，输入:

sudo apt-get purge mysql-client-core-5.6

sudo apt-get autoremove

sudo apt-get autoclean

sudo apt-get install mysql-client-core-5.5

sudo apt-get install mysql-server  

MySQL数据库核心客户端和MySQL服务器包将是相同的5.5版本。MySQL Client 5.5和MySQL Server 5.5是Ubuntu 14.04中这些包的当前“最佳”版本，由包维护者决定。

如果你想安装MySQL Client 5.6和MySQL Server 5.6，你也可以在Ubuntu软件中心找到MySQL - Client -core-5.6和MySQL - Server -5.6包。重要的是客户端和服务器版本号在两种情况下都要匹配。

这对我很管用。