所以我有以下，这似乎令人难以置信的hack，我一直在想，Go有更好的设计库比这，但我找不到一个Go处理JSON数据的POST请求的例子。它们都是来自post。
下面是一个请求示例:curl -X POST -d "{\"test\": \"that\"}" http://localhost:8082/test
下面是代码，嵌入了日志:
package main
import (
"encoding/json"
"log"
"net/http"
)
type test_struct struct {
Test string
}
func test(rw http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
req.ParseForm()
log.Println(req.Form)
//LOG: map[{"test": "that"}:[]]
var t test_struct
for key, _ := range req.Form {
log.Println(key)
//LOG: {"test": "that"}
err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(key), &t)
if err != nil {
log.Println(err.Error())
}
}
log.Println(t.Test)
//LOG: that
}
func main() {
http.HandleFunc("/test", test)
log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":8082", nil))
}
肯定有更好的办法，对吧?我只是不知道最好的做法是什么。
(围棋在搜索引擎中也被称为Golang，这里提到它是为了让其他人可以找到它。)
你需要从req.Body中读取。ParseForm方法正在从请求中读取数据。主体，然后以标准HTTP编码格式解析它。您需要的是读取正文并以JSON格式解析它。
这是更新后的代码。
package main
import (
"encoding/json"
"log"
"net/http"
"io/ioutil"
)
type test_struct struct {
Test string
}
func test(rw http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(req.Body)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
log.Println(string(body))
var t test_struct
err = json.Unmarshal(body, &t)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
log.Println(t.Test)
}
func main() {
http.HandleFunc("/test", test)
log.Fatal(http.ListenAndServe(":8082", nil))
}
我发现下面的文档示例非常有用。
package main
import (
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"io"
"log"
"strings"
)
func main() {
const jsonStream = `
{"Name": "Ed", "Text": "Knock knock."}
{"Name": "Sam", "Text": "Who's there?"}
{"Name": "Ed", "Text": "Go fmt."}
{"Name": "Sam", "Text": "Go fmt who?"}
{"Name": "Ed", "Text": "Go fmt yourself!"}
`
type Message struct {
Name, Text string
}
dec := json.NewDecoder(strings.NewReader(jsonStream))
for {
var m Message
if err := dec.Decode(&m); err == io.EOF {
break
} else if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Printf("%s: %s\n", m.Name, m.Text)
}
}
这里的关键是操作人员想要解码
type test_struct struct {
Test string
}
.．.在这种情况下，我们将删除const jsonStream，并将Message结构体替换为test_struct:
func test(rw http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request) {
dec := json.NewDecoder(req.Body)
for {
var t test_struct
if err := dec.Decode(&t); err == io.EOF {
break
} else if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
log.Printf("%s\n", t.Test)
}
}
更新:我还想补充一点，这篇文章提供了一些关于使用JSON响应的很棒的数据。作者解释了结构标签，我不知道。
因为JSON通常看起来不像{"Test": "Test"， "SomeKey": "SomeVal"}，而是{"Test": "Test"， "SomeKey": "some value"}，你可以像这样重构你的结构:
type test_struct struct {
Test string `json:"test"`
SomeKey string `json:"some-key"`
}
.．.现在你的处理程序将使用“some-key”来解析JSON，而不是“SomeKey”(你将在内部使用)。
为什么要使用json有两个原因。解码器应该优先于json。Unmarshal——2013年最流行的答案中没有提到:
February 2018, go 1.10 introduced a new method json.Decoder.DisallowUnknownFields() which addresses the concern of detecting unwanted JSON-input
req.Body is already an io.Reader. Reading its entire contents and then performing json.Unmarshal wastes resources if the stream was, say a 10MB block of invalid JSON. Parsing the request body, with json.Decoder, as it streams in would trigger an early parse error if invalid JSON was encountered. Processing I/O streams in realtime is the preferred go-way.
处理一些关于检测错误用户输入的用户评论:
要执行强制字段和其他卫生检查，请尝试:
d := json.NewDecoder(req.Body)
d.DisallowUnknownFields() // catch unwanted fields
// anonymous struct type: handy for one-time use
t := struct {
Test *string `json:"test"` // pointer so we can test for field absence
}{}
err := d.Decode(&t)
if err != nil {
// bad JSON or unrecognized json field
http.Error(rw, err.Error(), http.StatusBadRequest)
return
}
if t.Test == nil {
http.Error(rw, "missing field 'test' from JSON object", http.StatusBadRequest)
return
}
// optional extra check
if d.More() {
http.Error(rw, "extraneous data after JSON object", http.StatusBadRequest)
return
}
// got the input we expected: no more, no less
log.Println(*t.Test)
操场上
典型的输出:
$ curl -X POST -d "{}" http://localhost:8082/strict_test
expected json field 'test'
$ curl -X POST -d "{\"Test\":\"maybe?\",\"Unwanted\":\"1\"}" http://localhost:8082/strict_test
json: unknown field "Unwanted"
$ curl -X POST -d "{\"Test\":\"oops\"}g4rB4g3@#$%^&*" http://localhost:8082/strict_test
extraneous data after JSON
$ curl -X POST -d "{\"Test\":\"Works\"}" http://localhost:8082/strict_test
log: 2019/03/07 16:03:13 Works
