我有dockerfile
FROM centos:7
ENV foo=42
然后我建立它
docker build -t my_docker .
然后运行它。
docker run -it -d my_docker
是否可以从命令行传递参数，并在Dockerfile中使用if else ?我的意思是
FROM centos:7
if (my_arg==42)
{ENV=TRUE}
else:
{ENV=FALSE}
用这个论证来构建。
docker build -t my_docker . --my_arg=42
当前回答
使用Bash脚本和Alpine/Centos
Dockerfile
FROM alpine #just change this to centos
ARG MYARG=""
ENV E_MYARG=$MYARG
ADD . /tmp
RUN chmod +x /tmp/script.sh && /tmp/script.sh
script.sh
#!/usr/bin/env sh
if [ -z "$E_MYARG" ]; then
echo "NO PARAM PASSED"
else
echo $E_MYARG
fi
传递参数: docker build -t test——build-arg MYARG="this is a test"。
....
Step 5/5 : RUN chmod +x /tmp/script.sh && /tmp/script.sh
---> Running in 10b0e07e33fc
this is a test
Removing intermediate container 10b0e07e33fc
---> f6f085ffb284
Successfully built f6f085ffb284
无参数: Docker build -t test。
....
Step 5/5 : RUN chmod +x /tmp/script.sh && /tmp/script.sh
---> Running in b89210b0cac0
NO PARAM PASSED
Removing intermediate container b89210b0cac0
....
其他回答
对于上述提出的解决方案，有一个有趣的替代方案，它使用单个Dockerfile，每个条件构建只需要调用一次docker构建，并避免bash。
解决方案:
下面的Dockerfile解决了这个问题。复制粘贴，自己试试。
ARG my_arg
FROM centos:7 AS base
RUN echo "do stuff with the centos image"
FROM base AS branch-version-1
RUN echo "this is the stage that sets VAR=TRUE"
ENV VAR=TRUE
FROM base AS branch-version-2
RUN echo "this is the stage that sets VAR=FALSE"
ENV VAR=FALSE
FROM branch-version-${my_arg} AS final
RUN echo "VAR is equal to ${VAR}"
Dockerfile说明:
我们首先得到一个基本图像(在您的例子中是centos:7)，并将其放入自己的阶段。基本阶段应该包含在条件之前要做的事情。在那之后，我们还有两个阶段，代表我们的条件的分支:branch-version-1和branch-version-2。我们两个都做了。最终阶段根据my_arg选择其中一个阶段。条件Dockerfile。好了。
运行时输出:
(我把它缩写了一下…)
my_arg = = 2
docker build --build-arg my_arg=2 .
Step 1/12 : ARG my_arg
Step 2/12 : ARG ENV
Step 3/12 : FROM centos:7 AS base
Step 4/12 : RUN echo "do stuff with the centos image"
do stuff with the centos image
Step 5/12 : FROM base AS branch-version-1
Step 6/12 : RUN echo "this is the stage that sets VAR=TRUE"
this is the stage that sets VAR=TRUE
Step 7/12 : ENV VAR=TRUE
Step 8/12 : FROM base AS branch-version-2
Step 9/12 : RUN echo "this is the stage that sets VAR=FALSE"
this is the stage that sets VAR=FALSE
Step 10/12 : ENV VAR=FALSE
Step 11/12 : FROM branch-version-${my_arg}
Step 12/12 : RUN echo "VAR is equal to ${VAR}"
VAR is equal to FALSE
my_arg = = 1
docker build --build-arg my_arg=1 .
...
Step 11/12 : FROM branch-version-${my_arg}
Step 12/12 : RUN echo "VAR is equal to ${VAR}"
VAR is equal to TRUE
感谢Tõnis提供这个惊人的想法!
正如其他人所说，shell脚本会有所帮助。
只是一个额外的情况，恕我直言，值得一提的是(对于无意中发现这里的人来说，寻找一个更简单的情况)，那就是环境替换。
Environment variables (declared with the ENV statement) can also be used in certain instructions as variables to be interpreted by the Dockerfile. The ${variable_name} syntax also supports a few of the standard bash modifiers as specified below: ${variable:-word} indicates that if variable is set then the result will be that value. If variable is not set then word will be the result. ${variable:+word} indicates that if variable is set then word will be the result, otherwise the result is the empty string.
它可能看起来不那么干净，但你可以让你的Dockerfile(有条件的)如下所示:
FROM centos:7
ARG arg
RUN if [[ -z "$arg" ]] ; then echo Argument not provided ; else echo Argument is $arg ; fi
然后将图像构建为:
Docker build -t my_docker。——build-arg arg = 45
or
Docker build -t my_docker。
# FROM前面的ARGs用于图像 ARG IMLABEL=xxxx \ IMVERS = x.x 从$ {IMLABEL}: $ {IMVERS} # FROM后面的ARGs是用于脚本中使用的参数 ARG condition-x RUN if ["$condition-x" = "condition-1"];然后\ 回声“condition 1美元”;＼ Elif ["$condition-x" = "condition-1"];然后\ 回声“情况2美元”;＼ 其他的 回声“condition-others美元”;＼ fi
build -t——build-arg IMLABEL——build-arg IMVERS——build-arg condition-x -f Dockerfile -t image:版本号。
根据docker build命令的文档，有一个名为——build-arg的参数。
使用示例:
docker build --build-arg HTTP_PROXY=http://10.20.30.2:1234 .
在我看来，这正是你所需要的:)
