删除* % @ !从下面的字符串:

s = "this is my string,  and i will * remove * these ** %% "
new_string = s.translate(s.maketrans('','','*%,&@!'))
print(new_string)

# output: this is my string  and i will  remove  these  

如果您正在使用python3并寻找翻译解决方案-函数已更改，现在接受1个参数而不是2个参数。

该参数是一个表(可以是字典)，其中每个键都是要查找的字符的Unicode序数(int)，值是替换值(可以是要将键映射到的Unicode序数或字符串)。

下面是一个用法示例:

>>> list = [',', '!', '.', ';']
>>> s = "This is, my! str,ing."
>>> s.translate({ord(x): '' for x in list})
'This is my string'

为什么不利用这个简单的函数:

def remove_characters(str, chars_list):
    for char in chars_list:
        str = str.replace(char, '')
  
    return str

使用功能:

print(remove_characters('A.B!C?', ['.', '!', '?']))

输出:

ABC

你可以使用str.translate():

s.translate(None, ",!.;")

例子:

>>> s = "asjo,fdjk;djaso,oio!kod.kjods;dkps"
>>> s.translate(None, ",!.;")
'asjofdjkdjasooiokodkjodsdkps'

如果你使用python2并且输入是字符串(而不是unicode)，那么绝对最好的方法是str.translate:

>>> chars_to_remove = ['.', '!', '?']
>>> subj = 'A.B!C?'
>>> subj.translate(None, ''.join(chars_to_remove))
'ABC'

否则，可考虑以下选项:

A.逐字符迭代主题，省略不需要的字符并加入结果列表:

>>> sc = set(chars_to_remove)
>>> ''.join([c for c in subj if c not in sc])
'ABC'

(注意生成器版本“。Join (c for c…)将降低效率)。

B.动态创建正则表达式，re.sub为空字符串:

>>> import re
>>> rx = '[' + re.escape(''.join(chars_to_remove)) + ']'
>>> re.sub(rx, '', subj)
'ABC'

(re.escape确保^或]这样的字符不会破坏正则表达式)。

C.使用translate的映射变体:

>>> chars_to_remove = [u'δ', u'Γ', u'ж']
>>> subj = u'AжBδCΓ'
>>> dd = {ord(c):None for c in chars_to_remove}
>>> subj.translate(dd)
u'ABC'

完整的测试代码和计时:

#coding=utf8

import re

def remove_chars_iter(subj, chars):
    sc = set(chars)
    return ''.join([c for c in subj if c not in sc])

def remove_chars_re(subj, chars):
    return re.sub('[' + re.escape(''.join(chars)) + ']', '', subj)

def remove_chars_re_unicode(subj, chars):
    return re.sub(u'(?u)[' + re.escape(''.join(chars)) + ']', '', subj)

def remove_chars_translate_bytes(subj, chars):
    return subj.translate(None, ''.join(chars))

def remove_chars_translate_unicode(subj, chars):
    d = {ord(c):None for c in chars}
    return subj.translate(d)

import timeit, sys

def profile(f):
    assert f(subj, chars_to_remove) == test
    t = timeit.timeit(lambda: f(subj, chars_to_remove), number=1000)
    print ('{0:.3f} {1}'.format(t, f.__name__))

print (sys.version)
PYTHON2 = sys.version_info[0] == 2

print ('\n"plain" string:\n')

chars_to_remove = ['.', '!', '?']
subj = 'A.B!C?' * 1000
test = 'ABC' * 1000

profile(remove_chars_iter)
profile(remove_chars_re)

if PYTHON2:
    profile(remove_chars_translate_bytes)
else:
    profile(remove_chars_translate_unicode)

print ('\nunicode string:\n')

if PYTHON2:
    chars_to_remove = [u'δ', u'Γ', u'ж']
    subj = u'AжBδCΓ'
else:
    chars_to_remove = ['δ', 'Γ', 'ж']
    subj = 'AжBδCΓ'

subj = subj * 1000
test = 'ABC' * 1000

profile(remove_chars_iter)

if PYTHON2:
    profile(remove_chars_re_unicode)
else:
    profile(remove_chars_re)

profile(remove_chars_translate_unicode)

结果:

2.7.5 (default, Mar  9 2014, 22:15:05) 
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 5.0 (clang-500.0.68)]

"plain" string:

0.637 remove_chars_iter
0.649 remove_chars_re
0.010 remove_chars_translate_bytes

unicode string:

0.866 remove_chars_iter
0.680 remove_chars_re_unicode
1.373 remove_chars_translate_unicode

---

3.4.2 (v3.4.2:ab2c023a9432, Oct  5 2014, 20:42:22) 
[GCC 4.2.1 (Apple Inc. build 5666) (dot 3)]

"plain" string:

0.512 remove_chars_iter
0.574 remove_chars_re
0.765 remove_chars_translate_unicode

unicode string:

0.817 remove_chars_iter
0.686 remove_chars_re
0.876 remove_chars_translate_unicode

(作为一个边注，remove_chars_translate_bytes的数字可能会给我们一个线索，为什么业界在这么长时间内不愿意采用Unicode)。

Python 3，单行列表综合实现。

from string import ascii_lowercase # 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'
def remove_chars(input_string, removable):
  return ''.join([_ for _ in input_string if _ not in removable])

print(remove_chars(input_string="Stack Overflow", removable=ascii_lowercase))
>>> 'S O'