我想知道这在SQL中是否可行。假设你有两个表A和B，你在表A上做一个选择，在表B上做一个连接:
SELECT a.*, b.* FROM TABLE_A a JOIN TABLE_B b USING (some_id);
如果表A有“a_id”、“name”、“some_id”列，表B有“b_id”、“name”、“some_id”列，查询将返回“a_id”、“name”、“some_id”、“b_id”、“name”、“some_id”列。有什么方法可以为表B的列名加上前缀而不单独列出每一列吗?等价于这个:
SELECT a.*, b.b_id as 'b.b_id', b.name as 'b.name', b.some_id as 'b.some_id'
FROM TABLE_A a JOIN TABLE_B b USING (some_id);
但是，如前所述，没有列出每一列，所以像这样:
SELECT a.*, b.* as 'b.*'
FROM TABLE_A a JOIN TABLE_B b USING (some_id);
基本上就是说，“用‘something’为b.*返回的每一列添加前缀”。这可能吗，还是我运气不好?
编辑
关于不使用SELECT *等的建议是有效的建议，但与我的上下文无关，因此请关注眼前的问题——是否可以在连接中为表的所有列名添加前缀(SQL查询中指定的常量)?
我的最终目标是能够通过连接对两个表执行SELECT *操作，并且能够从结果集中获得的列的名称中分辨出哪些列来自表a，哪些列来自表b。同样，我不想单独列出列，我需要能够执行SELECT *操作。
我根据答案实现了一个解决方案，建议在节点中使用虚拟或哨兵列。你可以通过生成SQL来使用它:
select
s.*
, '' as _prefix__creator_
, u.*
, '' as _prefix__speaker_
, p.*
from statements s
left join users u on s.creator_user_id = u.user_id
left join persons p on s.speaker_person_id = p.person_id
然后对从数据库驱动程序返回的行进行后处理，比如addPrefixes(row)。
实现(基于我的驱动程序返回的字段/行，但应该很容易为其他DB驱动程序更改):
const PREFIX_INDICATOR = '_prefix__'
const STOP_PREFIX_INDICATOR = '_stop_prefix'
/** Adds a <prefix> to all properties that follow a property with the name: PREFIX_INDICATOR<prefix> */
function addPrefixes(fields, row) {
let prefix = null
for (const field of fields) {
const key = field.name
if (key.startsWith(PREFIX_INDICATOR)) {
if (row[key] !== '') {
throw new Error(`PREFIX_INDICATOR ${PREFIX_INDICATOR} must not appear with a value, but had value: ${row[key]}`)
}
prefix = key.substr(PREFIX_INDICATOR.length)
delete row[key]
} else if (key === STOP_PREFIX_INDICATOR) {
if (row[key] !== '') {
throw new Error(`STOP_PREFIX_INDICATOR ${STOP_PREFIX_INDICATOR} must not appear with a value, but had value: ${row[key]}`)
}
prefix = null
delete row[key]
} else if (prefix) {
const prefixedKey = prefix + key
row[prefixedKey] = row[key]
delete row[key]
}
}
return row
}
测试:
const {
addPrefixes,
PREFIX_INDICATOR,
STOP_PREFIX_INDICATOR,
} = require('./BaseDao')
describe('addPrefixes', () => {
test('adds prefixes', () => {
const fields = [
{name: 'id'},
{name: PREFIX_INDICATOR + 'my_prefix_'},
{name: 'foo'},
{name: STOP_PREFIX_INDICATOR},
{name: 'baz'},
]
const row = {
id: 1,
[PREFIX_INDICATOR + 'my_prefix_']: '',
foo: 'bar',
[STOP_PREFIX_INDICATOR]: '',
baz: 'spaz'
}
const expected = {
id: 1,
my_prefix_foo: 'bar',
baz: 'spaz',
}
expect(addPrefixes(fields, row)).toEqual(expected)
})
})
