现在是2019年，以下是行之有效的方法 尽管这里和那里的建议，我在互联网上发现的是使用setuptools_scm，作为选项传递给setuptools.setup。这将包括VCS中版本化的任何数据文件，无论是git还是其他任何文件，到wheel包中，并将从git存储库中进行“pip install”以将这些文件带进来。

因此，我只是在“setup.py”的设置调用中添加了这两行。无需额外安装或导入:

    setup_requires=['setuptools_scm'],
    include_package_data=True,

No need to manually list package_data, or in a MANIFEST.in file - if it is versioned, it is included in the package. The docs on "setuptools_scm" put emphasis on creating a version number from the commit position, and disregard the really important part of adding the data files. (I can't care less if my intermediate wheel file is named "*0.2.2.dev45+g3495a1f" or will use the hardcoded version number "0.3.0dev0" I've typed in - but leaving crucial files for the program to work behind is somewhat important)

对于要包含在安装中的非python文件，它们必须位于已安装包目录中的一个目录中。如果您在MANIFEST中指定包目录之外的非python文件。中，它们将包含在您的发行版中，但不会被安装。在包目录之外安装任意文件的“文档化”方式并不可靠(现在每个人都注意到了)。

The above answer from Julian Mann copies the files to your package directory in the build directory, so it does work, but not if you are installing in editable/develop mode (pip install -e or python setup.py develop). Based on this answer to a related question (and Julian's answer), below is an example that copies files to your installed package location either way after all the other install/develop tasks are done. The assumption here is that files file1 and file2 in your root-level data directory will be copied to your installed package directory (my_package), and that they will be accessible from python modules in your package using os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'file1'), etc.

记得也要做清单。在上面描述的东西中，以便这些文件也包含在您的发行版中。为什么setuptools会在你的发行版中包含文件，然后默默地不安装它们，这超出了我的理解范围。尽管在包目录之外安装它们可能更可疑。

import os
from setuptools import setup
from setuptools.command.develop import develop
from setuptools.command.install import install
from shutil import copyfile

HERE = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
NAME = 'my_package'

def copy_files (target_path):
    source_path = os.path.join(HERE, 'data')
    for fn in ["file1", "file2"]:
        copyfile(os.path.join(source_path, fn), os.path.join(target_path,fn))

class PostDevelopCommand(develop):
    """Post-installation for development mode."""
    def run(self):
        develop.run(self)
        copy_files (os.path.abspath(NAME))

class PostInstallCommand(install):
    """Post-installation for installation mode."""
    def run(self):
        install.run(self)
        copy_files (os.path.abspath(os.path.join(self.install_lib, NAME)))

setup(
    name=NAME,
    cmdclass={
        'develop': PostDevelopCommand,
        'install': PostInstallCommand,
    },
    version='0.1.0',
    packages=[NAME],
    include_package_data=True,
    setup_requires=['setuptools_scm'],
)

这里有一个对我有用的更简单的答案。

首先，根据上面Python Dev的注释，setuptools是不需要的:

package_data is also available to pure distutils setup scripts 
since 2.3. – Éric Araujo

这很好，因为在包中添加setuptools要求意味着您也必须安装它。简而言之:

from distutils.core import setup

setup(
    # ...snip...
    packages          = ['pkgname'],
    package_data      = {'pkgname': ['license.txt']},
)

我只是想跟进我在Centos 6上的Python 2.7中发现的一些东西。如上所述，添加package_data或data_files对我不起作用。我加了一份清单。IN中有我想要的文件，这些文件将非python文件放入tarball中，但没有通过RPM将它们安装到目标机器上。

最后，我能够使用setup/setuptools中的“选项”将文件导入到我的解决方案中。选项文件允许您从setup.py修改规范文件的各个部分。如下。

from setuptools import setup


setup(
    name='theProjectName',
    version='1',
    packages=['thePackage'],
    url='',
    license='',
    author='me',
    author_email='me@email.com',
    description='',
    options={'bdist_rpm': {'install_script': 'filewithinstallcommands'}},
)

file - MANIFEST.in:

include license.txt

文件 - 文件与安装命令：

mkdir -p $RPM_BUILD_ROOT/pathtoinstall/
#this line installs your python files
python setup.py install -O1 --root=$RPM_BUILD_ROOT --record=INSTALLED_FILES
#install license.txt into /pathtoinstall folder
install -m 700 license.txt $RPM_BUILD_ROOT/pathtoinstall/
echo /pathtoinstall/license.txt >> INSTALLED_FILES

以上这些方法对我都不起作用。是这个回答救了我。 显然，为了在安装期间提取这些数据文件，我必须做几件事:

Like already mentioned - Add a MANIFEST.in to the project and specify the folder/files you want to be included. In my case: recursive-include folder_with_extra_stuff * Again, like already mentioned - Add include_package_data=True to your setup.py. This is crucial, because without it only the files that match *.py will be brought. This is what was missing! - Add an empty __init__.py to your data folder. For me I had to add this file to my folder-with-extra-stuff. Extra - Not sure if this is a requirement, but with my own python modules I saw that they're zipped inside the .egg file in site-packages. So I had to add zip_safe=False to my setup.py file.

最终目录结构

my-app/
├─ app/
│  ├─ __init__.py
│  ├─ __main__.py
├─ folder-with-extra-stuff/
│  ├─ __init__.py
│  ├─ data_file.json
├─ setup.py
├─ MANIFEST.in

在setup.py下的setup(:

setup(
   name = 'foo library'
   ...
  package_data={
   'foolibrary.folderA': ['*'],     # All files from folder A
   'foolibrary.folderB': ['*.txt']  #All text files from folder B
   },