前段时间,我看到一个Mono应用程序的输出是彩色的,可能是因为它的日志系统(因为所有的消息都是标准化的)。
现在,Python有了日志记录模块,它允许您指定许多选项来定制输出。所以,我想象类似的事情可能与Python,但我不知道如何在任何地方做到这一点。
是否有办法使Python日志模块输出为彩色?
我想要的(例如)错误显示为红色,调试消息显示为蓝色或黄色,等等。
当然,这可能需要一个兼容的终端(大多数现代终端都是);但如果不支持颜色,我可以退回到原始的日志输出。
有什么想法,我可以得到彩色输出与日志模块?
import logging
import sys
colors = {'pink': '\033[95m', 'blue': '\033[94m', 'green': '\033[92m', 'yellow': '\033[93m', 'red': '\033[91m',
'ENDC': '\033[0m', 'bold': '\033[1m', 'underline': '\033[4m'}
logging.basicConfig(stream=sys.stdout, level=logging.DEBUG)
def str_color(color, data):
return colors[color] + str(data) + colors['ENDC']
params = {'param1': id1, 'param2': id2}
logging.info('\nParams:' + str_color("blue", str(params)))`
我遇到的麻烦是正确设置格式化程序:
class ColouredFormatter(logging.Formatter):
def __init__(self, msg):
logging.Formatter.__init__(self, msg)
self._init_colour = _get_colour()
def close(self):
# restore the colour information to what it was
_set_colour(self._init_colour)
def format(self, record):
# Add your own colourer based on the other examples
_set_colour( LOG_LEVEL_COLOUR[record.levelno] )
return logging.Formatter.format(self, record)
def init():
# Set up the formatter. Needs to be first thing done.
rootLogger = logging.getLogger()
hdlr = logging.StreamHandler()
fmt = ColouredFormatter('%(message)s')
hdlr.setFormatter(fmt)
rootLogger.addHandler(hdlr)
然后使用:
import coloured_log
import logging
coloured_log.init()
logging.info("info")
logging.debug("debug")
coloured_log.close() # restore colours
使用丰富的库
Rich提供了一个日志处理程序,它将对Python日志模块编写的文本进行格式化和着色。
它很容易使用和可定制+工作在cmd.exe, Windows终端,ConEmu和Jupyter笔记本!(我告诉你,我试过很多包,只有rich的颜色在笔记本上有用。)
Rich还带有许多其他奇特的功能。
安装
pip install rich
最小的例子:
import logging
from rich.logging import RichHandler
FORMAT = "%(message)s"
logging.basicConfig(
level="NOTSET", format=FORMAT, datefmt="[%X]", handlers=[RichHandler()]
) # set level=20 or logging.INFO to turn of debug
logger = logging.getLogger("rich")
logger.debug("debug...")
logger.info("info...")
logger.warning("warning...")
logger.error("error...")
logger.fatal("fatal...")
以下是我的解决方案:
class ColouredFormatter(logging.Formatter):
RESET = '\x1B[0m'
RED = '\x1B[31m'
YELLOW = '\x1B[33m'
BRGREEN = '\x1B[01;32m' # grey in solarized for terminals
def format(self, record, colour=False):
message = super().format(record)
if not colour:
return message
level_no = record.levelno
if level_no >= logging.CRITICAL:
colour = self.RED
elif level_no >= logging.ERROR:
colour = self.RED
elif level_no >= logging.WARNING:
colour = self.YELLOW
elif level_no >= logging.INFO:
colour = self.RESET
elif level_no >= logging.DEBUG:
colour = self.BRGREEN
else:
colour = self.RESET
message = colour + message + self.RESET
return message
class ColouredHandler(logging.StreamHandler):
def __init__(self, stream=sys.stdout):
super().__init__(stream)
def format(self, record, colour=False):
if not isinstance(self.formatter, ColouredFormatter):
self.formatter = ColouredFormatter()
return self.formatter.format(record, colour)
def emit(self, record):
stream = self.stream
try:
msg = self.format(record, stream.isatty())
stream.write(msg)
stream.write(self.terminator)
self.flush()
except Exception:
self.handleError(record)
h = ColouredHandler()
h.formatter = ColouredFormatter('{asctime} {levelname:8} {message}', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', '{')
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG, handlers=[h])
这是一个包含颜色代码的Enum:
class TerminalColour:
"""
Terminal colour formatting codes
"""
# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/287871/print-in-terminal-with-colors
MAGENTA = '\033[95m'
BLUE = '\033[94m'
GREEN = '\033[92m'
YELLOW = '\033[93m'
RED = '\033[91m'
GREY = '\033[0m' # normal
WHITE = '\033[1m' # bright white
UNDERLINE = '\033[4m'
这可以应用于每个日志级别的名称。请注意,这是一个可怕的黑客。
logging.addLevelName(logging.INFO, "{}{}{}".format(TerminalColour.WHITE, logging.getLevelName(logging.INFO), TerminalColour.GREY))
logging.addLevelName(logging.WARNING, "{}{}{}".format(TerminalColour.YELLOW, logging.getLevelName(logging.WARNING), TerminalColour.GREY))
logging.addLevelName(logging.ERROR, "{}{}{}".format(TerminalColour.RED, logging.getLevelName(logging.ERROR), TerminalColour.GREY))
logging.addLevelName(logging.CRITICAL, "{}{}{}".format(TerminalColour.MAGENTA, logging.getLevelName(logging.CRITICAL), .GREY))
注意,您的日志格式化程序必须包含日志级别的名称
%(levelname)
例如:
LOGGING = {
...
'verbose': {
'format': '%(asctime)s %(levelname)s %(name)s:%(lineno)s %(module)s %(process)d %(thread)d %(message)s'
},
'simple': {
'format': '[%(asctime)s] %(levelname)s %(name)s %(message)s'
},