新版本的MySQL就是这样做的

在新的MySQL客户端中，如果在安装时密码为空，那么它是基于auth_socket插件的。

正确的方法是使用sudo权限登录MySQL。

sudo mysql -u root -p

然后更新密码使用:

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'new-password';

完成此操作后，停止并启动MySQL服务器。

sudo service mysql stop
sudo service mysql start

有关完整的详细信息，请参阅此链接。

@zetacu和@peter给出的答案非常准确，但只有一部分对我有用。在这里添加这个给正在使用的用户

mysql  Ver 8.0.30-0ubuntu0.20.04.2 for Linux on x86_64 ((Ubuntu))

我的用户表是这样的:

mysql> SELECT User,Host,plugin FROM mysql.user;
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+
| User             | Host      | plugin                |
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+
| debian-sys-maint | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.infoschema | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.session    | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.sys        | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| pk               | localhost | auth_socket           |
| root             | localhost | auth_socket           |
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

因此，首先我采用了第二个(推荐的)选项，用您拥有的用户名替换YOUR_SYSTEM_USER。所以，我用同样的方法创建了一个新用户，但没有任何效果。

然后我尝试了第一种方法，设置根用户使用my_native_password插件:

sudo mysql -u root
mysql> USE MySQL;
mysql> UPDATE user SET plugin='mysql_native_password' WHERE 
User='root';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> exit;

sudo service mysql restart

它成功了!!因此，只需创建一个新用户，并使其使用my_native_password插件。

在一些系统上，比如Ubuntu, MySQL默认使用Unix auth_socket插件。

基本上，这意味着:db_users使用它，将由系统用户凭证“验证”。您可以通过执行以下操作查看您的根用户是否像这样设置:

sudo mysql -u root # I had to use "sudo" since it was a new installation

mysql> USE mysql;
mysql> SELECT User, Host, plugin FROM mysql.user;

+------------------+-----------------------+
| User             | plugin                |
+------------------+-----------------------+
| root             | auth_socket           |
| mysql.sys        | mysql_native_password |
| debian-sys-maint | mysql_native_password |
+------------------+-----------------------+

正如您在查询中看到的，根用户正在使用auth_socket插件。

有两种方法可以解决这个问题:

您可以设置root用户使用mysql_native_password插件 您可以使用system_user创建一个新的db_user(推荐)

选项1:

sudo mysql -u root # I had to use "sudo" since it was a new installation

mysql> USE mysql;
mysql> UPDATE user SET plugin='mysql_native_password' WHERE User='root';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> exit;

sudo service mysql restart

选项2:(用您拥有的用户名替换YOUR_SYSTEM_USER)

sudo mysql -u root # I had to use "sudo" since it was a new installation

mysql> USE mysql;
mysql> CREATE USER 'YOUR_SYSTEM_USER'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'YOUR_PASSWD';
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'YOUR_SYSTEM_USER'@'localhost';
mysql> UPDATE user SET plugin='auth_socket' WHERE User='YOUR_SYSTEM_USER';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
mysql> exit;

sudo service mysql restart

记住，如果你使用选项#2，你必须连接到MySQL作为你的系统用户名(MySQL -u YOUR_SYSTEM_USER)。

注意:在某些系统上(例如Debian 9 (Stretch))， 'auth_socket'插件被称为'unix_socket'，因此相应的SQL命令应该是:

从andy的评论来看，MySQL 8.x。X更新/替换了caching_sha2_password的auth_socket。我没有MySQL 8.x的系统设置。X来检验这个。但是，上面的步骤应该可以帮助您理解这个问题。下面是回答:

MySQL 8.0.4的一个变化是新的默认认证插件是'caching_sha2_password'。新的“YOUR_SYSTEM_USER”将有这个身份验证插件，你可以从Bash shell登录，现在使用“mysql -u YOUR_SYSTEM_USER -p”，并在提示符上提供该用户的密码。不需要执行“UPDATE user SET plugin”步骤。

关于8.0.4默认认证插件的更新，请参见MySQL 8.0.4: New default authentication plugin: caching_sha2_password。

这招对我很管用:

mysql --user=root mysql
CREATE USER 'some_user'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'some_pass';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'some_user'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

操作系统:Ubuntu 18.04(仿生海狸)

MySQL: 5.7

Add the skip-grant-tables to the end of file mysqld.cnf Copy the my.cnf file sudo cp /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf Reset the password (base) ➜ ~ sudo service mysql stop (base) ➜ ~ sudo service mysql start (base) ➜ ~ mysql -uroot Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 Server version: 5.7.25-0ubuntu0.18.04.2 (Ubuntu) Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> use mysql Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed, 3 warnings mysql> update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('newpass') where user='root' and Host ='localhost'; Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 1 mysql> update user set plugin="mysql_native_password"; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 4 Changed: 0 Warnings: 0 mysql> flush privileges; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> quit Bye Remove the skip-grant-tables from my.cnf (base) ➜ ~ sudo emacs /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf (base) ➜ ~ sudo emacs /etc/mysql/my.cnf (base) ➜ ~ sudo service mysql restart Open the MySQL client (base) ➜ ~ mysql -uroot -ppassword mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 3 Server version: 5.7.25-0ubuntu0.18.04.2 (Ubuntu) Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> Check the password policy mysql> select @@validate_password_policy; +----------------------------+ | @@validate_password_policy | +----------------------------+ | MEDIUM | +----------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%'; +--------------------------------------+--------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------------------+--------+ | validate_password_dictionary_file | | | validate_password_length | 8 | | validate_password_mixed_case_count | 1 | | validate_password_number_count | 1 | | validate_password_policy | MEDIUM | | validate_password_special_char_count | 1 | +--------------------------------------+--------+ 6 rows in set (0.08 sec)！ Change the configuration of the validate_password mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec) mysql> set global validate_password_mixed_case_count=0; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set global validate_password_number_count=3; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set global validate_password_special_char_count=0; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> set global validate_password_length=3; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%'; +--------------------------------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------------------+-------+ | validate_password_dictionary_file | | | validate_password_length | 3 | | validate_password_mixed_case_count | 0 | | validate_password_number_count | 3 | | validate_password_policy | LOW | | validate_password_special_char_count | 0 | +--------------------------------------+-------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Note

你应该知道你的错误是由什么引起的?validate_password_policy吗?

您应该决定重置密码以填写策略或更改策略。

对于那些在macOS上安装最新MariaDB并遵循MariaDB文档中的本教程的用户，请运行:

sudo mariadb-secure-installation

而不是只给出mariadb-secure-installation命令。否则，运气不好，尽管出现错误提示:

In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and
haven't set the root password yet, you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none):
ERROR 1698 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost'
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
ERROR 1698 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost'
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
Aborting!