当尝试将具有双向关联的JPA对象转换为JSON时,我不断得到

org.codehaus.jackson.map.JsonMappingException: Infinite recursion (StackOverflowError)

我所找到的是这个帖子,基本上是建议避免双向关联。有人有解决这个春季bug的方法吗?

------ edit 2010-07-24 16:26:22 -------

代码片段:

业务对象1:

@Entity
@Table(name = "ta_trainee", uniqueConstraints = {@UniqueConstraint(columnNames = {"id"})})
public class Trainee extends BusinessObject {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.TABLE)
    @Column(name = "id", nullable = false)
    private Integer id;

    @Column(name = "name", nullable = true)
    private String name;

    @Column(name = "surname", nullable = true)
    private String surname;

    @OneToMany(mappedBy = "trainee", fetch = FetchType.EAGER, cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
    @Column(nullable = true)
    private Set<BodyStat> bodyStats;

    @OneToMany(mappedBy = "trainee", fetch = FetchType.EAGER, cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
    @Column(nullable = true)
    private Set<Training> trainings;

    @OneToMany(mappedBy = "trainee", fetch = FetchType.EAGER, cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
    @Column(nullable = true)
    private Set<ExerciseType> exerciseTypes;

    public Trainee() {
        super();
    }

    //... getters/setters ...
}

业务对象2:

import javax.persistence.*;
import java.util.Date;

@Entity
@Table(name = "ta_bodystat", uniqueConstraints = {@UniqueConstraint(columnNames = {"id"})})
public class BodyStat extends BusinessObject {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.TABLE)
    @Column(name = "id", nullable = false)
    private Integer id;

    @Column(name = "height", nullable = true)
    private Float height;

    @Column(name = "measuretime", nullable = false)
    @Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP)
    private Date measureTime;

    @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.EAGER, cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
    @JoinColumn(name="trainee_fk")
    private Trainee trainee;
}

控制器:

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.validation.ConstraintViolation;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;

@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/trainees")
public class TraineesController {

    final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(TraineesController.class);

    private Map<Long, Trainee> trainees = new ConcurrentHashMap<Long, Trainee>();

    @Autowired
    private ITraineeDAO traineeDAO;
     
    /**
     * Return json repres. of all trainees
     */
    @RequestMapping(value = "/getAllTrainees", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    @ResponseBody        
    public Collection getAllTrainees() {
        Collection allTrainees = this.traineeDAO.getAll();

        this.logger.debug("A total of " + allTrainees.size() + "  trainees was read from db");

        return allTrainees;
    }    
}

学员DAO的jpa实现:

@Repository
@Transactional
public class TraineeDAO implements ITraineeDAO {

    @PersistenceContext
    private EntityManager em;

    @Transactional
    public Trainee save(Trainee trainee) {
        em.persist(trainee);
        return trainee;
    }

    @Transactional(readOnly = true)
    public Collection getAll() {
        return (Collection) em.createQuery("SELECT t FROM Trainee t").getResultList();
    }
}

persistence . xml

<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"
             xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
             xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd"
             version="1.0">
    <persistence-unit name="RDBMS" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
        <exclude-unlisted-classes>false</exclude-unlisted-classes>
        <properties>
            <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="validate"/>
            <property name="hibernate.archive.autodetection" value="class"/>
            <property name="dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect"/>
            <!-- <property name="dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.HSQLDialect"/>         -->
        </properties>
    </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

当前回答

确保在任何地方都使用com.fasterxml.jackson。我花了很多时间才弄清楚。

<properties>
  <fasterxml.jackson.version>2.9.2</fasterxml.jackson.version>
</properties>

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-annotations -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
    <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
    <version>${fasterxml.jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
    <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
    <version>${fasterxml.jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>

然后使用@JsonManagedReference和@JsonBackReference。

最后,你可以将你的模型序列化为JSON:

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;

ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
String json = mapper.writeValueAsString(model);

其他回答

现在有一个Jackson模块(针对Jackson 2)专门设计来处理序列化时Hibernate的惰性初始化问题。

https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson-datatype-hibernate

只需添加依赖项(注意Hibernate 3和Hibernate 4有不同的依赖项):

<dependency>
  <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype</groupId>
  <artifactId>jackson-datatype-hibernate4</artifactId>
  <version>2.4.0</version>
</dependency>

然后在初始化Jackson的ObjectMapper时注册模块:

ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
mapper.registerModule(new Hibernate4Module());

目前的文档不是很好。有关可用选项,请参阅Hibernate4Module代码。

现在Jackson支持避免循环而不忽略字段:

Jackson -具有双向关系的实体序列化(避免循环)

新的注释@JsonIgnoreProperties解决了其他选项的许多问题。

@Entity

public class Material{
   ...    
   @JsonIgnoreProperties("costMaterials")
   private List<Supplier> costSuppliers = new ArrayList<>();
   ...
}

@Entity
public class Supplier{
   ...
   @JsonIgnoreProperties("costSuppliers")
   private List<Material> costMaterials = new ArrayList<>();
   ....
}

点击这里查看。它的工作原理和文档中一样: http://springquay.blogspot.com/2016/01/new-approach-to-solve-json-recursive.html

我也遇到过同样的问题,添加jsonbackref和jsonmanagedref,请确保@override equals和hashCode方法,这肯定会修复这个问题。

如果不能忽略该属性,请尝试修改字段的可见性。在我们的情况下,我们有旧的代码仍然提交实体与关系,所以在我的情况下,这是修复:

    @JsonProperty(access = JsonProperty.Access.WRITE_ONLY)
    private Trainee trainee;