我的问题解决了，用“服务名称”和正确的主机替换URL中的“sid”。

对我来说很简单，我只需要在“Windows服务”中手动启动服务。MSC在CMD trompt)。 我的服务名称是:OracleServiceXXXXX。

我也遇到过同样的问题，花了3天时间才把它挖出来。

发生这种情况是因为您错误的TNS服务条目。

首先检查是否能够使用sql > sqlplus sys@orastand作为sysdba (orastand是一个备用数据库)从主数据库连接到备用数据库。

如果您无法连接，那么这是与服务的问题。更正主端TNS文件中服务名称的填写。

用同样的方法检查备用数据库。如果需要，也可以在这里进行更改。

确保log_archive_dest_2参数具有正确的服务名称。

我有这个问题，修复是确保在tnsnames。ora SERVICE_NAME是数据库中有效的服务名称。要找出有效的服务名称，您可以在oracle中使用以下查询:

select value from v$parameter where name='service_names'

有一次我更新了tnsnames。奥拉:

TEST =
   (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = *<validhost>*)(PORT = *<validport>*))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = *<servicenamefromDB>*)
    )
)

然后我就跑:

sqlplus user@TEST

成功! 监听器基本上是在告诉你，不管你使用的是什么service_name，根据DB，都不是一个有效的服务。

(*我从Win7客户端工作站运行sqlplus到远程DB，责怪dba;) *)

这里有很多答案，但这里有一个工作示例的代码，你可以立即复制、粘贴和测试:

对我来说，在指定正确的SERVICE_NAME后，错误12514得到了解决。 您可以在服务器上的文件tnsnames中找到它。ora自带3个预定义的服务名称(其中一个是“XE”)。

I installed the Oracle Express database OracleXE112 which already comes with some preinstalled demo tables. When you start the installer you are asked for a password. I entered "xxx" as password. (not used in production) My server runs on the machine 192.168.1.158 On the server you must explicitely allow access for the process TNSLSNR.exe in the Windows Firewall. This process listens on port 1521. OPTION A: For C# (.NET2 or .NET4) you can download ODAC11, from which you have to add Oracle.DataAccess.dll to your project. Additionally this DLL depends on: OraOps11w.dll, oci.dll, oraociei11.dll (130MB!), msvcr80.dll. These DLLs must be in the same directory as the EXE or you must specify the DLL path in: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Oracle\ODP.NET\4.112.4.0\DllPath. On 64 bit machines write additionally to HKLM\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\Oracle\... OPTION B: If you have downloaded ODAC12 you need Oracle.DataAccess.dll, OraOps12w.dll, oci.dll, oraociei12.dll (160MB!), oraons.dll, msvcr100.dll. The Registry path is HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Oracle\ODP.NET\4.121.2.0\DllPath OPTION C: If you don't want huge DLL's of more than 100 MB you should download ODP.NET_Managed12.x.x.x.xxxxx.zip in which you find Oracle.ManagedDataAccess.dll which is only 4 MB and is a pure managed DLL which works in 32 bit and 64 bit processes as well and depends on no other DLL and does not require any registry entries. The following C# code works for me without any configuration on the server side (just the default installation):

using Oracle.DataAccess.Client;
or
using Oracle.ManagedDataAccess.Client;

....

string oradb = "Data Source=(DESCRIPTION="
    + "(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.1.158)(PORT=1521)))"
    + "(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVER=DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME=XE)));"
    + "User Id=SYSTEM;Password=xxx;";

using (OracleConnection conn = new OracleConnection(oradb)) 
{
    conn.Open();
    using (OracleCommand cmd = new OracleCommand())
    {
        cmd.Connection  = conn;
        cmd.CommandText = "select TABLESPACE_NAME from DBA_DATA_FILES";

        using (OracleDataReader dr = cmd.ExecuteReader())
        {
            while (dr.Read())
            {
                listBox.Items.Add(dr["TABLESPACE_NAME"]);
            }
        }
    }
}

如果SERVICE_NAME=XE错误，则会得到错误12514。SERVICE_NAME是可选的。你也可以把它放在一边。

我解决了这个问题在我的linux环境更新我的机器的IP在/etc/hosts文件。

您可以验证您的网络IP (inet end.):

$ifconfig

查看您的IP是否与/etc/hosts文件匹配:

$cat /etc/hosts

如果需要，编辑/etc/hosts文件:

$sudo gedit /etc/hosts

Bye.