包括COM对象:

Heat生成所有(如果不是全部)注册表项和它们所需的其他配置。喜乐!

包括托管COM对象(又名。net或c# COM对象)

在托管COM对象上使用heat将为您提供一个几乎完整的wix文档。

If you don't need the library available in the GAC (ie, globally available: MOST of the time you do not need this with your .NET assemblies anyway - you've probably done something wrong at this point if it's not intended to be a shared library) you will want to make sure to update the CodeBase registry key to be set to [#ComponentName]. If you ARE planning on installing it to the GAC (eg, you've made some new awesome common library that everyone will want to use) you must remove this entry, and add two new attributes to the File element: Assembly and KeyPath. Assembly should be set to ".net" and KeyPath should be set to "yes".

然而，某些环境(特别是带有托管内存的环境，如脚本语言)也需要访问Typelib。确保在你的打字单上运行热度并包括它。Heat将生成所有需要的注册表项。多酷啊!

Peter Tate已经展示了如何在单独的wix片段中定义可重用的ComponentGroup定义。一些与此相关的额外技巧:

目录别名

组件组片段不需要知道主产品wxs定义的目录。在你的组件组片段中，你可以这样描述一个文件夹:

<DirectoryRef Id="component1InstallFolder">
...
</DirectoryRef>

然后主产品可以别名它的一个目录(例如。"productInstallFolder")像这样:

<Directory Id="productInstallFolder" Name="ProductName">
   <!-- not subfolders (because no Name attribute) but aliases for parent! -->
   <Directory Id="component1InstallFolder"/> 
   <Directory Id="component2InstallFolder"/> 
</Directory>

依赖关系图

ComponentGroup元素可以包含ComponentGroupRef子元素。如果您有大量可重用组件，并且它们之间有复杂的依赖关系图，那么这是非常棒的。你只需要为每个组件在自己的片段中建立一个ComponentGroup，并像这样声明依赖项:

<ComponentGroup Id="B">
   <ComponentRef Id="_B" />
   <ComponentGroupRef Id="A">
</ComponentGroup>

如果您现在在设置中引用组件组“B”，因为它是应用程序的直接依赖项，那么它将自动拉入组件组“a”，即使应用程序作者从未意识到它是“B”的依赖项。只要你没有任何循环依赖，它就“可以工作”。

Reusable wixlib

如果您使用lit.exe将大池-o-可重用组件编译为可重用的wixlib，则上述依赖关系图的想法效果最好。在创建应用程序设置时，可以像引用wixobj文件一样引用这个wixlib。exe链接器将自动消除没有被主产品wxs文件“拉入”的任何片段。

创建现场、测试、培训……使用相同源文件的版本。

简而言之:为每个安装程序创建唯一的UpgradeCode，并自动为每个安装程序定义每个Guid的第一个字符，其余31个字符是唯一的。

先决条件

MSBuild社区任务

假设

WiX变量用于定义UpgradeCode、ProductName、InstallName。 您已经有了一个工作的安装程序。你不动手我是不会动手的。 所有组件都保存在一个文件(Components.wxs)中。如果你有多个文件，这个过程是有效的，只是有更多的工作要做。

目录结构

设置。图书馆 所有wxs文件(组件，功能，UI对话框，…) Common.Config.wxi (ProductCode="*"， ProductVersion, PlatformProgramFilesFolder，…) 设置。生活(wixproj) 链接所有安装程序。“添加为链接”(Visual Studio中“添加”按钮旁边的向下箭头按钮) 配置。wxi(有唯一的UpgradeCode, ProductName, InstallName，…) 设置。测试,… 按live但配置。wxi为测试环境配置。

过程

Create Setup.Library directory and move all your wxs and wxi files (except Config.wxi) from existing project. Create Setup.Live, Setup.Test, etc as per normal wixproj. Add BeforeBuild target in wixproj in Setup.Live, etc to perform MSBuild Community Task FileUpdate to modify Guids (I used A for Live, B for Test and C for training) Add AfterBuild target to revert Components.wxs Guids back to 0. Verify with Orca that each component in each MSI has the modified guid. Verify that original guids are restored. Verify that each MSI is installing (and upgrading) correct product and location.

例子Config.wxi

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Include>
<!-- Upgrade code should not change unless you want to install 
     a new product and have the old product remain installed, 
     that is, both products existing as separate instances. -->
<?define UpgradeCode = "YOUR-GUID-HERE" ?>

<!-- Platform specific variables -->
<?if $(var.Platform) = x64 ?>
  <!-- Product name as you want it to appear in Add/Remove Programs-->
  <?define ProductName = "Foo 64 Bit [Live]" ?>
<?else ?>
  <?define ProductName =  "Foo [Live]" ?>
<?endif ?>

<!-- Directory name used as default installation location -->
<?define InstallName = "Foo [Live]" ?>

<!-- Registry key name used to store installation location -->
<?define InstallNameKey = "FooLive" ?>

<?define VDirName = "FooLive" ?>
<?define AppPoolName = "FooLiveAppPool" ?>
<?define DbName = "BlahBlahLive" ?>
</Include>

例子Config.Common.wxi

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Include>
<!-- Auto-generate ProductCode for each build, release and upgrade -->
<?define ProductCode = "*" ?>

<!-- Note that 4th version (Revision) is ignored by Windows Installer -->
<?define ProductVersion = "1.0.0.0" ?>

<!-- Minimum version supported if product already installed and this is an upgrade -->
<!-- Note that 4th version (Revision) is ignored by Windows Installer -->
<?define MinimumUpgradeVersion = "0.0.0.0" ?>

<!-- Platform specific variables -->
<?if $(var.Platform) = x64 ?>
   <?define Win64 = "yes" ?>
   <?define PlatformProgramFilesFolder = "ProgramFiles64Folder" ?>
<?else ?>
   <?define Win64 = "no" ?>
   <?define PlatformProgramFilesFolder = "ProgramFilesFolder" ?>
<?endif ?>

<?define ProductManufacturer = "Foo Technologies"?>

<!-- Decimal Language ID (LCID) for the Product. Used for localization. -->
<?define ProductLanguage = "1033" ?>

<?define WebSiteName = "DefaultWebSite" ?>
<?define WebSitePort = "80" ?>

<?define DbServer = "(local)" ?>
</Include>

例子Components.wxs

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Wix xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/wix/2006/wi">
  <!-- The pre-processor variable which allows the magic to happen :) -->
  <?include $(sys.CURRENTDIR)\Config.wxi?>
  <?include ..\Setup.Library\Config.Common.wxi?>
  <Fragment Id="ComponentsFragment">
    <Directory Id="TARGETDIR" Name="SourceDir">
      <Directory Id="$(var.PlatformProgramFilesFolder)">
        <Directory Id="INSTALLLOCATION" Name="$(var.InstallName)">
          <Component Id="ProductComponent" Guid="0XXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX" KeyPath="yes">
          ...

注意:我现在建议将Guid属性从Component中去掉(相当于*)，每个组件使用一个文件，并将文件设置为小键盘。这样就不需要调用如下所示的ModifyComponentsGuids和RevertComponentsGuids目标。不过，这可能不适用于您的所有组件。

例子Setup.Live.wixproj

<Import Project="$(MSBuildExtensionsPath)\MSBuildCommunityTasks\MSBuild.Community.Tasks.Targets" />
<Target Name="BeforeBuild">
  <CallTarget Targets="ModifyComponentsGuids" />
</Target>
<Target Name="AfterBuild">
  <CallTarget Targets="RevertComponentsGuids" />
</Target>
<!-- Modify the first character of every Guid to create unique value for Live, Test and Training builds -->
<Target Name="ModifyComponentsGuids">
  <FileUpdate Files="..\Setup.Library\Components.wxs" Regex="Guid=&quot;([a-f]|[A-F]|\d)" ReplacementText="Guid=&quot;A" />
</Target>
<!-- Revert the first character of every Guid back to initial value -->
<Target Name="RevertComponentsGuids">
  <FileUpdate Files="..\Setup.Library\Components.wxs" Regex="Guid=&quot;([a-f]|[A-F]|\d)" ReplacementText="Guid=&quot;0" />
</Target>

最终的想法

This process should also work for creating different installers for different merge modules (Live, Test, ... as features) for the same installer. I went with different installers as it seemed a safer option, there is more risk that someone might upgrade Live instead of Training if they're on the same box and you just use features for the different merge modules. If you use your MSI to perform upgrades as well as new installs i.e. the major upgrade only approach, and you save your installation location in the registry, remember to create a variable for the key name for each install. We also create variables in each Config.wxi to enable unique virtual directory names, application pools, database names, et cetera for each installer.

更新1:如果您为每个文件创建带有Guid="*"的组件，并将文件设置为小键盘，则自动生成组件Guid将不需要调用FileUpdate任务。

更新2:我们遇到的一个问题是，如果您没有自动生成组件Guid，并且构建失败，那么临时文件需要手动删除。

更新3:找到了一种方法来消除对svn的依赖:externals和临时文件创建。这使得构建过程更具弹性(如果您不能通配符您的guid，这是最好的选择)，并且在灯光或蜡烛中构建失败时不那么脆弱。

更新4:WiX 3.0+支持使用实例转换的多实例，当然也值得一看。

修改“准备好安装了吗?”对话框(又名VerifyReadyDlg)，以提供所做选择的摘要。

它是这样的: Alt文本http://i46.tinypic.com/s4th7t.jpg

用Javascript CustomAction来做这个:

Javascript代码:

// http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa372516(VS.85).aspx
var MsiViewModify = 
    {
        Refresh          : 0,
        Insert           : 1,
        Update           : 2,
        Assign           : 3,
        Replace          : 4,
        Merge            : 5,
        Delete           : 6,
        InsertTemporary  : 7,   // cannot permanently modify the MSI during install
        Validate         : 8,
        ValidateNew      : 9,
        ValidateField    : 10,
        ValidateDelete   : 11
    };


// http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/sfw6660x(VS.85).aspx
var Buttons = 
    {
        OkOnly           : 0,
        OkCancel         : 1,
        AbortRetryIgnore : 2,
        YesNoCancel      : 3
    };

var Icons= 
    {
        Critical         : 16,
        Question         : 32,
        Exclamation      : 48,
        Information      : 64
    }

var MsgKind =
    {
        Error            : 0x01000000,
        Warning          : 0x02000000,
        User             : 0x03000000,
        Log              : 0x04000000
    };

// http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa371254(VS.85).aspx
var MsiActionStatus = 
    {
        None             : 0,
        Ok               : 1, // success
        Cancel           : 2,
        Abort            : 3,
        Retry            : 4, // aka suspend?
        Ignore           : 5  // skip remaining actions; this is not an error.
    };

function UpdateReadyDialog_CA(sitename)
{
    try 
    {
        // can retrieve properties from the install session like this:
        var selectedWebSiteId = Session.Property("MSI_PROPERTY_HERE");

        // can retrieve requested feature install state like this:
        var fInstallRequested   = Session.FeatureRequestState("F.FeatureName");

        var text1 = "This is line 1 of text in the VerifyReadyDlg";

        var text2 = "This is the second line of custom text";

        var controlView     = Session.Database.OpenView("SELECT * FROM Control");
        controlView.Execute();

        var rec             = Session.Installer.CreateRecord(12);
        rec.StringData(1)   = "VerifyReadyDlg";    // Dialog_
        rec.StringData(2)   = "CustomVerifyText1"; // Control - can be any name
        rec.StringData(3)   = "Text";              // Type
        rec.IntegerData(4)  = 25;                  // X
        rec.IntegerData(5)  = 60;                  // Y
        rec.IntegerData(6)  = 320;                 // Width
        rec.IntegerData(7)  = 85;                  // Height
        rec.IntegerData(8)  = 2;                   // Attributes
        rec.StringData(9)   = "";                  // Property
        rec.StringData(10)  = vText1;              // Text
        rec.StringData(11)  = "";                  // Control_Next
        rec.StringData(12)  = "";                  // Help
        controlView.Modify(MsiViewModify.InsertTemporary, rec);

        rec                 = Session.Installer.CreateRecord(12);
        rec.StringData(1)   = "VerifyReadyDlg";    // Dialog_
        rec.StringData(2)   = "CustomVerifyText2"; // Control - any unique name
        rec.StringData(3)   = "Text";              // Type
        rec.IntegerData(4)  = 25;                  // X
        rec.IntegerData(5)  = 160;                 // Y
        rec.IntegerData(6)  = 320;                 // Width
        rec.IntegerData(7)  = 65;                  // Height
        rec.IntegerData(8)  = 2;                   // Attributes
        rec.StringData(9)   = "";                  // Property
        rec.StringData(10)  = text2;               // Text
        rec.StringData(11)  = "";                  // Control_Next
        rec.StringData(12)  = "";                  // Help
        controlView.Modify(MsiViewModify.InsertTemporary, rec);

        controlView.Close();
    }
    catch (exc1)
    {
        Session.Property("CA_EXCEPTION") = exc1.message ;
        LogException("UpdatePropsWithSelectedWebSite", exc1);
        return MsiActionStatus.Abort;
    }
    return MsiActionStatus.Ok;
}


function LogException(loc, exc)
{
    var record = Session.Installer.CreateRecord(0);
    record.StringData(0) = "Exception {" + loc + "}: " + exc.number + " : " + exc.message;
    Session.Message(MsgKind.Error + Icons.Critical + Buttons.btnOkOnly, record);
}

声明Javascript CA:

<Fragment>
  <Binary Id="IisScript_CA" SourceFile="CustomActions.js" />

  <CustomAction Id="CA.UpdateReadyDialog"
              BinaryKey="IisScript_CA"
              JScriptCall="UpdateReadyDialog_CA"
              Execute="immediate"
              Return="check" />
</Fragment>

将CA连接到按钮上。在这个例子中，当从CustomizeDlg中单击Next时，CA将被触发:

<UI ...>
  <Publish Dialog="CustomizeDlg" Control="Next" Event="DoAction" 
           Value="CA.UpdateReadyDialog" Order="1"/>
</UI>

相关SO问题:如何设置，在运行时，文本将显示在VerifyReadyDlg?

当安装不允许卸载或重新安装且不能回滚时，执行强制重新安装。 VBscript脚本，用于覆盖一个没有卸载的安装。

Dim objShell
set objShell = wscript.createObject("wscript.shell")

iReturn = objShell.Run("CMD /K MsiExec.exe /I ""C:\Users\TheUser\Documents\Visual Studio 2010\Projects\InstallationTarget\HelloInstaller\bin\Debug\HelloInstaller.msi"" REINSTALLMODE=vomus REINSTALL=ALL",,True)

Keep variables in a separate wxi include file. Enables re-use, variables are faster to find and (if needed) allows for easier manipulation by an external tool. Define Platform variables for x86 and x64 builds <!-- Product name as you want it to appear in Add/Remove Programs--> <?if $(var.Platform) = x64 ?> <?define ProductName = "Product Name (64 bit)" ?> <?define Win64 = "yes" ?> <?define PlatformProgramFilesFolder = "ProgramFiles64Folder" ?> <?else ?> <?define ProductName = "Product Name" ?> <?define Win64 = "no" ?> <?define PlatformProgramFilesFolder = "ProgramFilesFolder" ?> <?endif ?> Store the installation location in the registry, enabling upgrades to find the correct location. For example, if a user sets custom install directory. <Property Id="INSTALLLOCATION"> <RegistrySearch Id="RegistrySearch" Type="raw" Root="HKLM" Win64="$(var.Win64)" Key="Software\Company\Product" Name="InstallLocation" /> </Property> Note: WiX guru Rob Mensching has posted an excellent blog entry which goes into more detail and fixes an edge case when properties are set from the command line. Examples using 1. 2. and 3. <?include $(sys.CURRENTDIR)\Config.wxi?> <Product ... > <Package InstallerVersion="200" InstallPrivileges="elevated" InstallScope="perMachine" Platform="$(var.Platform)" Compressed="yes" Description="$(var.ProductName)" /> and <Directory Id="TARGETDIR" Name="SourceDir"> <Directory Id="$(var.PlatformProgramFilesFolder)"> <Directory Id="INSTALLLOCATION" Name="$(var.InstallName)"> The simplest approach is always do major upgrades, since it allows both new installs and upgrades in the single MSI. UpgradeCode is fixed to a unique Guid and will never change, unless we don't want to upgrade existing product. Note: In WiX 3.5 there is a new MajorUpgrade element which makes life even easier! Creating an icon in Add/Remove Programs <Icon Id="Company.ico" SourceFile="..\Tools\Company\Images\Company.ico" /> <Property Id="ARPPRODUCTICON" Value="Company.ico" /> <Property Id="ARPHELPLINK" Value="http://www.example.com/" /> On release builds we version our installers, copying the msi file to a deployment directory. An example of this using a wixproj target called from AfterBuild target: <Target Name="CopyToDeploy" Condition="'$(Configuration)' == 'Release'"> <!-- Note we append AssemblyFileVersion, changing MSI file name only works with Major Upgrades --> <Copy SourceFiles="$(OutputPath)$(OutputName).msi" DestinationFiles="..\Deploy\Setup\$(OutputName) $(AssemblyFileVersion)_$(Platform).msi" /> </Target> Use heat to harvest files with wildcard (*) Guid. Useful if you want to reuse WXS files across multiple projects (see my answer on multiple versions of the same product). For example, this batch file automatically harvests RoboHelp output. @echo off robocopy ..\WebHelp "%TEMP%\WebHelpTemp\WebHelp" /E /NP /PURGE /XD .svn "%WIX%bin\heat" dir "%TEMP%\WebHelp" -nologo -sfrag -suid -ag -srd -dir WebHelp -out WebHelp.wxs -cg WebHelpComponent -dr INSTALLLOCATION -var var.WebDeploySourceDir There's a bit going on, robocopy is stripping out Subversion working copy metadata before harvesting; the -dr root directory reference is set to our installation location rather than default TARGETDIR; -var is used to create a variable to specify the source directory (web deployment output). Easy way to include the product version in the welcome dialog title by using Strings.wxl for localization. (Credit: saschabeaumont. Added as this great tip is hidden in a comment) <WixLocalization Culture="en-US" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/wix/2006/localization"> <String Id="WelcomeDlgTitle">{\WixUI_Font_Bigger}Welcome to the [ProductName] [ProductVersion] Setup Wizard</String> </WixLocalization> Save yourself some pain and follow Wim Coehen's advice of one component per file. This also allows you to leave out (or wild-card *) the component GUID. Rob Mensching has a neat way to quickly track down problems in MSI log files by searching for value 3. Note the comments regarding internationalization. When adding conditional features, it's more intuitive to set the default feature level to 0 (disabled) and then set the condition level to your desired value. If you set the default feature level >= 1, the condition level has to be 0 to disable it, meaning the condition logic has to be the opposite to what you'd expect, which can be confusing :) <Feature Id="NewInstallFeature" Level="0" Description="New installation feature" Absent="allow"> <Condition Level="1">NOT UPGRADEFOUND</Condition> </Feature> <Feature Id="UpgradeFeature" Level="0" Description="Upgrade feature" Absent="allow"> <Condition Level="1">UPGRADEFOUND</Condition> </Feature>