从目录及其所有子目录获取完整文件路径

import os

def get_filepaths(directory):
    """
    This function will generate the file names in a directory 
    tree by walking the tree either top-down or bottom-up. For each 
    directory in the tree rooted at directory top (including top itself), 
    it yields a 3-tuple (dirpath, dirnames, filenames).
    """
    file_paths = []  # List which will store all of the full filepaths.

    # Walk the tree.
    for root, directories, files in os.walk(directory):
        for filename in files:
            # Join the two strings in order to form the full filepath.
            filepath = os.path.join(root, filename)
            file_paths.append(filepath)  # Add it to the list.

    return file_paths  # Self-explanatory.

# Run the above function and store its results in a variable.   
full_file_paths = get_filepaths("/Users/johnny/Desktop/TEST")

我在上述函数中提供的路径包含3个文件，其中两个位于根目录中，另一个位于名为“subfolder”的子文件夹中打印将打印列表的完整文件路径：['/Users/johnny/Desktop/TEST/file1.txt'，'/Users/johnny/Desctop/TEST-file2.txt'，'/Users/johnny/Desktop/STEST/SUBFOLDER/file3.dat']

如果愿意，您可以打开并阅读内容，或者只关注扩展名为“.dat”的文件，如下面的代码所示：

for f in full_file_paths:
  if f.endswith(".dat"):
    print f

/用户/johnny/Desktop/TEST/SUBFOLDER/file3.dat

import os
import os.path


def get_files(target_dir):
    item_list = os.listdir(target_dir)

    file_list = list()
    for item in item_list:
        item_dir = os.path.join(target_dir,item)
        if os.path.isdir(item_dir):
            file_list += get_files(item_dir)
        else:
            file_list.append(item_dir)
    return file_list

这里我使用递归结构。

仅获取文件列表（无子目录）的单行解决方案：

filenames = next(os.walk(path))[2]

或绝对路径名：

paths = [os.path.join(path, fn) for fn in next(os.walk(path))[2]]

dircache是“自2.6版以来已弃用：Python 3.0中已删除dircache模块。”

import dircache
list = dircache.listdir(pathname)
i = 0
check = len(list[0])
temp = []
count = len(list)
while count != 0:
  if len(list[i]) != check:
     temp.append(list[i-1])
     check = len(list[i])
  else:
    i = i + 1
    count = count - 1

print temp

listdir（）返回目录中的所有内容——包括文件和目录。

os.path的isfile（）只能用于列出文件：

from os import listdir
from os.path import isfile, join
onlyfiles = [f for f in listdir(mypath) if isfile(join(mypath, f))]

或者，os.walk（）为它访问的每个目录生成两个列表——一个用于文件，一个用于目录。如果您只想要顶级目录，则可以在第一次生成时中断：

from os import walk

f = []
for (dirpath, dirnames, filenames) in walk(mypath):
    f.extend(filenames)
    break

或更短：

from os import walk

filenames = next(walk(mypath), (None, None, []))[2]  # [] if no file

import os
os.listdir("somedirectory")

将返回“somedirectory”中所有文件和目录的列表。