已经有很多答案，但我想展示最新的方法来获得使用谷歌API的位置，所以新的程序员可以使用新方法:

我已经在我的博客demonuts.com上写了关于当前位置的详细教程，你也可以找到用android studio开发的完整源代码。

首先，把它放到gradle文件中

 compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services:9.0.2'

然后实现必要的接口

public class MainActivity  extends BaseActivitiy implements GoogleApiClient.ConnectionCallbacks, GoogleApiClient.OnConnectionFailedListener, com.google.android.gms.location.LocationListener

声明实例

  private GoogleApiClient mGoogleApiClient;
  private Location mLocation;
  private LocationManager locationManager;
  private LocationRequest mLocationRequest;

把这个放到onCreate()中

 mGoogleApiClient = new GoogleApiClient.Builder(this)
                .addConnectionCallbacks(this)
                .addOnConnectionFailedListener(this)
                .addApi(LocationServices.API)
                .build();
        locationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);

最后，重写必要的方法

 @Override
    public void onConnected(Bundle bundle) {
        if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED && ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            // TODO: Consider calling
            //    ActivityCompat#requestPermissions
            // here to request the missing permissions, and then overriding
            //   public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions,
            //                                          int[] grantResults)
            // to handle the case where the user grants the permission. See the documentation
            // for ActivityCompat#requestPermissions for more details.
            return;
        } startLocationUpdates();
        mLocation = LocationServices.FusedLocationApi.getLastLocation(mGoogleApiClient);
        if(mLocation == null){
            startLocationUpdates();
        }
        if (mLocation != null) {
            double latitude = mLocation.getLatitude();
            double longitude = mLocation.getLongitude();
        } else {
            // Toast.makeText(this, "Location not Detected", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    }

    protected void startLocationUpdates() {
        // Create the location request
        mLocationRequest = LocationRequest.create()
                .setPriority(LocationRequest.PRIORITY_HIGH_ACCURACY)
                .setInterval(UPDATE_INTERVAL)
                .setFastestInterval(FASTEST_INTERVAL);
        // Request location updates
        if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED && ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            // TODO: Consider calling
            //    ActivityCompat#requestPermissions
            // here to request the missing permissions, and then overriding
            //   public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions,
            //                                          int[] grantResults)
            // to handle the case where the user grants the permission. See the documentation
            // for ActivityCompat#requestPermissions for more details.
            return;
        }
        LocationServices.FusedLocationApi.requestLocationUpdates(mGoogleApiClient,
                mLocationRequest, this);
        Log.d("reque", "--->>>>");
    }

    @Override
    public void onConnectionSuspended(int i) {
        Log.i(TAG, "Connection Suspended");
        mGoogleApiClient.connect();
    }

    @Override
    public void onConnectionFailed(ConnectionResult connectionResult) {
        Log.i(TAG, "Connection failed. Error: " + connectionResult.getErrorCode());
    }

    @Override
    public void onStart() {
        super.onStart();
        mGoogleApiClient.connect();
    }

    @Override
    public void onStop() {
        super.onStop();
        if (mGoogleApiClient.isConnected()) {
            mGoogleApiClient.disconnect();
        }
    }
    @Override
    public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {

    }

在运行应用程序之前，不要忘记在您的设备中启动GPS。

我已经发布了一个小的库，可以很容易地在Android中获取位置数据，它甚至照顾到Android M运行时权限。

您可以在这里查看它:https://github.com/julioromano/RxLocation并使用它或其源代码作为实现的示例。

你需要使用latest/最新的

GoogleApiClient Api

基本上你需要做的是:

private GoogleApiClient mGoogleApiClient;
mGoogleApiClient = new GoogleApiClient.Builder(this)
                .addApi(LocationServices.API)
                .addConnectionCallbacks(this)
                .addOnConnectionFailedListener(this)
                .build();

然后

@Override
    public void onConnected(Bundle connectionHint) {
        mLastLocation = LocationServices.FusedLocationApi.getLastLocation(
                mGoogleApiClient);
        if (mLastLocation != null) {
            mLatitudeText.setText(String.valueOf(mLastLocation.getLatitude()));
            mLongitudeText.setText(String.valueOf(mLastLocation.getLongitude()));
        }
    }

为最准确可靠的定位。请看我的帖子:

https://stackoverflow.com/a/33599228/2644905

不要使用LocationListener，它是不准确的，有延迟响应。老实说，这更容易实现。 请阅读文档:https://developers.google.com/android/reference/com/google/android/gms/common/api/GoogleApiClient

Edit 2022:不要使用这个库，因为该库有内存泄漏，不再支持/更新。

我将推荐使用智能位置库 使用起来非常简单，它很好地包装了位置逻辑。

启动位置服务:

SmartLocation.with(context).location()
    .start(new OnLocationUpdatedListener() { ... });

如果你只想获得一个单一的位置(不是周期性的)，你可以使用oneFix修饰符。例子:

SmartLocation.with(context).location()
    .oneFix()
    .start(new OnLocationUpdatedListener() { ... });

我已经得到非常准确的位置使用FusedLocationProviderClient (谷歌播放服务要求)

权限要求

android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION

android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION

依赖

“com.google.android.gms: play-services-location: 15.0.0”

芬兰湾的科特林代码

val client = FusedLocationProviderClient(this)
val location = client.lastLocation
location.addOnCompleteListener {
    // this is a lambda expression and we get an 'it' iterator to access the 'result'
    // it.result.latitude gives the latitude
    // it.result.longitude gives the longitude 
    val geocoder = Geocoder(applicationContext, Locale.getDefault())
    val address = geocoder.getFromLocation(it.result.latitude, it.result.longitude, 1)
    if (address != null && address.size > 0) {
        // Get the current city
        city = address[0].locality
    }
}
location.addOnFailureListener {
    // Some error in getting the location, let's log it
    Log.d("xtraces", it.message)
}

通过-获取gps位置

LocationManager locationManager = (LocationManager) context.getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);

LocationListener locationListener = new LocationListener() 
{

            @Override
            public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub

            }

            @Override
            public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub

            }

            @Override
            public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub

            }

            @Override
            public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                double latitude = location.getLatitude();
                double longitude = location.getLongitude();
                double speed = location.getSpeed(); //spedd in meter/minute
                speed = (speed*3600)/1000;      // speed in km/minute               Toast.makeText(GraphViews.this, "Current speed:" + location.getSpeed(),Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            }
        };

        locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER, 0, 0, locationListener);

}