如何在python中找到扩展名为.txt的目录中的所有文件?
当前回答
使用Python OS模块查找具有特定扩展名的文件。
简单的例子如下:
import os
# This is the path where you want to search
path = r'd:'
# this is extension you want to detect
extension = '.txt' # this can be : .jpg .png .xls .log .....
for root, dirs_list, files_list in os.walk(path):
for file_name in files_list:
if os.path.splitext(file_name)[-1] == extension:
file_name_path = os.path.join(root, file_name)
print file_name
print file_name_path # This is the full path of the filter file
其他回答
以python方式获取“dataPath”文件夹中所有的“。txt”文件名:
from os import listdir
from os.path import isfile, join
path = "/dataPath/"
onlyTxtFiles = [f for f in listdir(path) if isfile(join(path, f)) and f.endswith(".txt")]
print onlyTxtFiles
如果文件夹包含大量文件或内存受限,可以考虑使用生成器:
def yield_files_with_extensions(folder_path, file_extension):
for _, _, files in os.walk(folder_path):
for file in files:
if file.endswith(file_extension):
yield file
选项A:迭代
for f in yield_files_with_extensions('.', '.txt'):
print(f)
选项B:全部获取
files = [f for f in yield_files_with_extensions('.', '.txt')]
import os
import sys
if len(sys.argv)==2:
print('no params')
sys.exit(1)
dir = sys.argv[1]
mask= sys.argv[2]
files = os.listdir(dir);
res = filter(lambda x: x.endswith(mask), files);
print res
许多用户都回复了os。Walk回答,其中包括所有文件,还包括所有目录和子目录及其文件。
import os
def files_in_dir(path, extension=''):
"""
Generator: yields all of the files in <path> ending with
<extension>
\param path Absolute or relative path to inspect,
\param extension [optional] Only yield files matching this,
\yield [filenames]
"""
for _, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
dirs[:] = [] # do not recurse directories.
yield from [f for f in files if f.endswith(extension)]
# Example: print all the .py files in './python'
for filename in files_in_dir('./python', '*.py'):
print("-", filename)
或者对于一次性不需要发电机的情况:
path, ext = "./python", ext = ".py"
for _, _, dirfiles in os.walk(path):
matches = (f for f in dirfiles if f.endswith(ext))
break
for filename in matches:
print("-", filename)
如果你打算为其他东西使用匹配,你可能想让它成为一个列表,而不是一个生成器表达式:
matches = [f for f in dirfiles if f.endswith(ext)]
这里有更多相同的版本,产生略微不同的结果:
glob.iglob ()
import glob
for f in glob.iglob("/mydir/*/*.txt"): # generator, search immediate subdirectories
print f
glob.glob1()
print glob.glob1("/mydir", "*.tx?") # literal_directory, basename_pattern
fnmatch.filter()
import fnmatch, os
print fnmatch.filter(os.listdir("/mydir"), "*.tx?") # include dot-files
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