def datetime_to_epoch(d1):
"""
January 1st, 1970 at 00:00:00 UTC is referred to as the Unix epoch
:param d1: input date
:return: seconds since unix epoch
"""
if not d1.tzinfo:
    raise ValueError("date is missing timezone information")

d2 = datetime(1970, 1, 1, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
time_delta = d1 - d2
ts = int(time_delta.total_seconds())
return ts


def epoch_to_datetime_string(timestamp, tz_name="UTC", **kwargs):
"""
method to convert unix timestamp to date time string
:param ts: 10 digit unix timestamp in seconds
:param tz_name: timezone name
:param kwargs: formatter=<formatter-string>
:return: date time string in timezone
"""

naive_date = datetime.fromtimestamp(timestamp)
aware_date = naive_date.astimezone(pytz.timezone(tz_name))
formatter = kwargs.pop("formatter", "%d %b %Y %H:%M:%S")
return aware_date.strftime(formatter)

你错过的是时区。

假设你距离UTC时间还有5个小时，所以2013-09-01T11:00:00 local时间和2013-09-01T06:00:00Z时间是相同的。

你需要阅读datetime文档的顶部，它解释了时区和“naive”和“aware”对象。

如果您最初的天真datetime是UTC，那么恢复它的方法是使用utcfromtimestamp而不是fromtimestamp。

另一方面，如果您最初的天真datetime是本地的，那么首先就不应该从中减去UTC时间戳;使用datetime.fromtimestamp(0)代替。

或者，如果您有一个可感知的datetime对象，则需要在两侧使用一个本地(可感知的)epoch，或者显式地与UTC进行转换。

如果你已经或可以升级到Python 3.3或更高版本，你可以通过使用时间戳方法来避免所有这些问题，而不是试图自己弄清楚如何做。即使你不知道，你也可以考虑借用它的源代码。

(如果你能等到Python 3.4, PEP 341看起来很可能会进入最终版本，这意味着J.F. Sebastian和我在评论中谈论的所有东西都可以用stdlib完成，并且在Unix和Windows上都可以以相同的方式工作。)

import time
from datetime import datetime
time.mktime(datetime.now().timetuple())

如果你想将python datetime转换为seconds since epoch，你应该显式地做:

>>> import datetime
>>> datetime.datetime(2012, 04, 01, 0, 0).strftime('%s')
'1333234800'
>>> (datetime.datetime(2012, 04, 01, 0, 0) - datetime.datetime(1970, 1, 1)).total_seconds()
1333238400.0

在Python 3.3+中，您可以使用timestamp()来代替:

>>> import datetime
>>> datetime.datetime(2012, 4, 1, 0, 0).timestamp()
1333234800.0

def datetime_to_epoch(d1):
"""
January 1st, 1970 at 00:00:00 UTC is referred to as the Unix epoch
:param d1: input date
:return: seconds since unix epoch
"""
if not d1.tzinfo:
    raise ValueError("date is missing timezone information")

d2 = datetime(1970, 1, 1, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
time_delta = d1 - d2
ts = int(time_delta.total_seconds())
return ts


def epoch_to_datetime_string(timestamp, tz_name="UTC", **kwargs):
"""
method to convert unix timestamp to date time string
:param ts: 10 digit unix timestamp in seconds
:param tz_name: timezone name
:param kwargs: formatter=<formatter-string>
:return: date time string in timezone
"""

naive_date = datetime.fromtimestamp(timestamp)
aware_date = naive_date.astimezone(pytz.timezone(tz_name))
formatter = kwargs.pop("formatter", "%d %b %Y %H:%M:%S")
return aware_date.strftime(formatter)

这个类将覆盖您的需求，您可以将变量传递到ConvertUnixToDatetime并调用您希望它基于哪个函数进行操作。

from datetime import datetime
import time

class ConvertUnixToDatetime:
    def __init__(self, date):
        self.date = date

    # Convert unix to date object
    def convert_unix(self):
        unix = self.date

        # Check if unix is a string or int & proceeds with correct conversion
        if type(unix).__name__ == 'str':
            unix = int(unix[0:10])
        else:
            unix = int(str(unix)[0:10])

        date = datetime.utcfromtimestamp(unix).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')

        return date

    # Convert date to unix object
    def convert_date(self):
        date = self.date

        # Check if datetime object or raise ValueError
        if type(date).__name__ == 'datetime':
            unixtime = int(time.mktime(date.timetuple()))
        else:
            raise ValueError('You are trying to pass a None Datetime object')
        return type(unixtime).__name__, unixtime


if __name__ == '__main__':

    # Test Date
    date_test = ConvertUnixToDatetime(datetime.today())
    date_test = date_test.convert_date()
    print(date_test)

    # Test Unix
    unix_test = ConvertUnixToDatetime(date_test[1])
    print(unix_test.convert_unix())