我需要一个滚动窗口(又名滑动窗口)可迭代的序列/迭代器/生成器。(默认的Python迭代可以被认为是一种特殊情况,其中窗口长度为1。)我目前正在使用以下代码。我怎样才能做得更优雅和/或更有效?
def rolling_window(seq, window_size):
it = iter(seq)
win = [it.next() for cnt in xrange(window_size)] # First window
yield win
for e in it: # Subsequent windows
win[:-1] = win[1:]
win[-1] = e
yield win
if __name__=="__main__":
for w in rolling_window(xrange(6), 3):
print w
"""Example output:
[0, 1, 2]
[1, 2, 3]
[2, 3, 4]
[3, 4, 5]
"""
对于window_size == 2的特定情况(即,在序列中迭代相邻的重叠对),请参见如何从列表中迭代重叠(当前,下一个)值对?
多个迭代器!
def window(seq, size, step=1):
# initialize iterators
iters = [iter(seq) for i in range(size)]
# stagger iterators (without yielding)
[next(iters[i]) for j in range(size) for i in range(-1, -j-1, -1)]
while(True):
yield [next(i) for i in iters]
# next line does nothing for step = 1 (skips iterations for step > 1)
[next(i) for i in iters for j in range(step-1)]
next(it)在序列结束时引发StopIteration,出于一些我无法理解的很酷的原因,yield语句在这里除外它,函数返回,忽略没有形成完整窗口的剩余值。
无论如何,这是目前为止行数最少的解决方案,它唯一的要求是seq实现__iter__或__getitem__,并且除了@dansalmo的解决方案之外,不依赖于itertools或集合:)
我的两个版本的窗口实现
from typing import Sized, Iterable
def window(seq: Sized, n: int, strid: int = 1, drop_last: bool = False):
for i in range(0, len(seq), strid):
res = seq[i:i + n]
if drop_last and len(res) < n:
break
yield res
def window2(seq: Iterable, n: int, strid: int = 1, drop_last: bool = False):
it = iter(seq)
result = []
step = 0
for i, ele in enumerate(it):
result.append(ele)
result = result[-n:]
if len(result) == n:
if step % strid == 0:
yield result
step += 1
if not drop_last:
yield result
这是一个老问题,但是对于那些仍然感兴趣的人来说,在这个页面中有一个使用生成器的窗口滑块的伟大实现(Adrian Rosebrock)。
它是OpenCV的一个实现,但是你可以很容易地将它用于任何其他目的。对于渴望的人,我将粘贴代码在这里,但为了更好地理解它,我建议访问原始页面。
def sliding_window(image, stepSize, windowSize):
# slide a window across the image
for y in xrange(0, image.shape[0], stepSize):
for x in xrange(0, image.shape[1], stepSize):
# yield the current window
yield (x, y, image[y:y + windowSize[1], x:x + windowSize[0]])
提示:您可以在迭代生成器时检查窗口的.shape,以丢弃那些不符合您需求的窗口
干杯
def GetShiftingWindows(thelist, size):
return [ thelist[x:x+size] for x in range( len(thelist) - size + 1 ) ]
>> a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
>> GetShiftingWindows(a, 3)
[ [1, 2, 3], [2, 3, 4], [3, 4, 5] ]
有一个库可以完全满足你的需要:
import more_itertools
list(more_itertools.windowed([1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15],n=3, step=3))
Out: [(1, 2, 3), (4, 5, 6), (7, 8, 9), (10, 11, 12), (13, 14, 15)]