最新。net 4.5框架的原生方式，但完全没有特性:

创造:

Add-Type -Assembly "System.IO.Compression.FileSystem" ;
[System.IO.Compression.ZipFile]::CreateFromDirectory("c:\your\directory\to\compress", "yourfile.zip") ;

提取:

Add-Type -Assembly "System.IO.Compression.FileSystem" ;
[System.IO.Compression.ZipFile]::ExtractToDirectory("yourfile.zip", "c:\your\destination") ;

如前所述，完全没有特性，所以不要期望有覆盖标志。

更新:下面是其他开发者多年来在此基础上扩展的内容。

这也可以在不使用临时文件夹的情况下压缩单个文件，并使用原生的。net 4.5，从c#转换到这个StackOverflow答案。它使用了更好的使用语法。

用法:

zipfile - zipfilen输出.zip -sourceFile输入。sql -file, inside.zip.sql

代码:

function ZipFiles([string] $zipFilename, [string] $sourceFile, [string] $filename)
{
    $fullSourceFile = (Get-Item -Path "$sourceFile" -Verbose).FullName
    $fullZipFile = (Get-Item -Path "$zipFilename" -Verbose).FullName

    Add-Type -AssemblyName System.IO
    Add-Type -AssemblyName System.IO.Compression
    Add-Type -AssemblyName System.IO.Compression.FileSystem

    Using-Object ($fs = New-Object System.IO.FileStream($fullZipFile, [System.IO.FileMode]::Create)) {
         Using-Object ($arch = New-Object System.IO.Compression.ZipArchive($fs, [System.IO.Compression.ZipArchiveMode]::Create)) {
             [System.IO.Compression.ZipFileExtensions]::CreateEntryFromFile($arch, $fullSourceFile, $filename)
        }
    }
}

使用:

function Using-Object
{
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param (
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
        [AllowEmptyString()]
        [AllowEmptyCollection()]
        [AllowNull()]
        [Object]
        $InputObject,

        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
        [scriptblock]
        $ScriptBlock
    )

    try
    {
        . $ScriptBlock
    }
    finally
    {
        if ($null -ne $InputObject -and $InputObject -is [System.IDisposable])
        {
            $InputObject.Dispose()
        }
    }
}

加载[System.IO.]类，并使用它的方法是抑制不必要错误的重要步骤，因为它不是PowerShell的原生类，所以如果没有它，将会出现各种错误上下文。

我错误地控制了我的脚本到T，但在使用[System.IO.Compression]时得到了很多额外的红色“文件存在”输出。ZipFile)类

function zipFiles(
    [Parameter(Position=0, Mandatory=$true]
    [string] $sourceFolder,
    [Parameter(Position=1, Mandatory=$true]
    [string]$zipFileName,
    [Parameter(Position=2, Mandatory=$false]
    [bool]$overwrite)

{   
Add-Type -Assembly System.IO
Add-Type -Assembly System.IO.Compression.FileSystem

$compressionLevel = [System.IO.Compression.CompressionLevel]::Optimal

$directoryTest = (Test-Path $dailyBackupDestFolder)
$fileTest = (Test-Path $zipFileName)

if ( $directoryTest -eq $false) 
{ 
    New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path $dailyBackupDestFolder 
}

     if ( $fileTest -eq $true)
     {
           if ($overwrite -eq $true ){Remove-Item $zipFileName}
     }   


    try
    {
         [System.IO.Compression.ZipFile]::CreateFromDirectory($sourceFolder,$zipFileName,$compressionLevel)       

    }
    catch [System.IO.IOException] 
    {
       Write-Output ($dateTime + ' | ' + $_.Exception.Message ) | Out-File $logFile -append -force 
    }
} 

我在这里所做的是捕获这些IO错误，例如访问已经存在的文件，捕获该错误并将其指向我正在使用更大的程序维护的日志文件。

PowerShell v5.0增加了压缩-归档和扩展-归档cmdlet。链接页面有完整的例子，但它的要点是:

# Create a zip file with the contents of C:\Stuff\
Compress-Archive -Path C:\Stuff -DestinationPath archive.zip

# Add more files to the zip file
# (Existing files in the zip file with the same name are replaced)
Compress-Archive -Path C:\OtherStuff\*.txt -Update -DestinationPath archive.zip

# Extract the zip file to C:\Destination\
Expand-Archive -Path archive.zip -DestinationPath C:\Destination

为什么没人看文档?每个人都引用的. net 4.5库允许您做任何想做的事情，包括创建空ZIP并向其中添加单个文件。

请看下面的代码示例:

# Load the .NET assembly
Add-Type -Assembly 'System.IO.Compression'
Add-Type -Assembly 'System.IO.Compression.FileSystem'

# Must be used for relative file locations with .NET functions instead of Set-Location:
[System.IO.Directory]::SetCurrentDirectory('.\Desktop')

# Create the zip file and open it:
$z = [System.IO.Compression.ZipFile]::Open('z.zip', [System.IO.Compression.ZipArchiveMode]::Create)

# Add a compressed file to the zip file:
[System.IO.Compression.ZipFileExtensions]::CreateEntryFromFile($z, 't.txt', 't.txt')

# Close the file
$z.Dispose()

下面是一个关于如何操作zip存档的概述(只是记得之后关闭文件):

You can compress files by specifying a fourth parameter for CreateEntryFromFile(...). Creating an entry returns a ZipArchiveEntry. This object lets you inspect the zipped file afterwards including letting you report the .CompressedLength, view or change the .LastWriteTime (needs Update mode), and more below. If you need to inspect the ZIP archive later, you can access its .Entries property, and use the methods above as well as view the filename, the full path, the decompressed size, or delete the file (needs Update mode). You can extract an archive two ways later. First open it, then extract either the entire archive or an individual entry (from .Entries or .GetEntry(...)). You can also extract an archive by its filename alone. If you need to work with streams, you can create an empty entry and open its stream for writing afterwards. You can also modify an existing zip entry (from .Entries or .GetEntry(...)), which would let you do everything in-memory.

我鼓励您浏览文档，因为这是我找到所有这些的方法。

安装7zip(或下载命令行版本)并使用PowerShell方法:

function create-7zip([String] $aDirectory, [String] $aZipfile){
    [string]$pathToZipExe = "$($Env:ProgramFiles)\7-Zip\7z.exe";
    [Array]$arguments = "a", "-tzip", "$aZipfile", "$aDirectory", "-r";
    & $pathToZipExe $arguments;
}

你可以这样调用它:

create-7zip "c:\temp\myFolder" "c:\temp\myFolder.zip"