如何检查值是否是JavaScript中的对象?
当前回答
由于对于如何正确处理这个问题似乎有很多困惑,我将留下我的2美分(这个答案符合规范,在任何情况下都会产生正确的结果):
测试原语:未定义的空布尔字符串数
function isPrimitive(o){return typeof o!=='object'||null}
对象不是基本体:
function isObject(o){return !isPrimitive(o)}
或者:
function isObject(o){return o instanceof Object}
function isPrimitive(o){return !isObject(o)}
测试任何阵列:
const isArray=(function(){
const arrayTypes=Object.create(null);
arrayTypes['Array']=true;
arrayTypes['Int8Array']=true;
arrayTypes['Uint8Array']=true;
arrayTypes['Uint8ClampedArray']=true;
arrayTypes['Int16Array']=true;
arrayTypes['Uint16Array']=true;
arrayTypes['Int32Array']=true;
arrayTypes['Uint32Array']=true;
arrayTypes['BigInt64Array']=true;
arrayTypes['BigUint64Array']=true;
arrayTypes['Float32Array']=true;
arrayTypes['Float64Array']=true;
return function(o){
if (!o) return false;
return !isPrimitive(o)&&!!arrayTypes[o.constructor.name];
}
}());
测试对象排除:日期RegExp布尔数字字符串函数任意数组
const isObjectStrict=(function(){
const nativeTypes=Object.create(null);
nativeTypes['Date']=true;
nativeTypes['RegExp']=true;
nativeTypes['Boolean']=true;
nativeTypes['Number']=true;
nativeTypes['String']=true;
nativeTypes['Function']=true;
return function(o){
if (!o) return false;
return !isPrimitive(o)&&!isArray(o)&&!nativeTypes[o.constructor.name];
}
}());
其他回答
出于代码的目的,我找到了与上面的一些答案相对应的决定:
ES6变体:
const checkType = o => Object.prototype
.toString
.call(o)
.replace(/\[|object\s|\]/g, '')
.toLowerCase();
ES5变体:
function checkType(o){
return Object.prototype
.toString
.call(o)
.replace(/\[|object\s|\]/g, '')
.toLowerCase();
}
您可以非常简单地使用它:
checkType([]) === 'array'; // true
checkType({}) === 'object'; // true
checkType(1) === 'number'; // true
checkType('') === 'string'; // true
checkType({}.p) === 'undefined'; // true
checkType(null) === 'null'; // true
等等
试试这个
if (objectName instanceof Object) {
alert('Not an object');
}
else {
alert('An object');
}
我从这个SO问题中找到了一种“新”方法来进行这种类型检查:为什么instanceof对某些文本返回false?
在此基础上,我创建了一个类型检查函数,如下所示:
function isVarTypeOf(_var, _type){
try {
return _var.constructor === _type;
} catch(ex) {
return false; //fallback for null or undefined
}
}
那么你可以这样做:
console.log(isVarTypeOf('asdf', String)); // returns true
console.log(isVarTypeOf(new String('asdf'), String)); // returns true
console.log(isVarTypeOf(123, String)); // returns false
console.log(isVarTypeOf(123, Number)); // returns true
console.log(isVarTypeOf(new Date(), String)); // returns false
console.log(isVarTypeOf(new Date(), Number)); // returns false
console.log(isVarTypeOf(new Date(), Date)); // returns true
console.log(isVarTypeOf([], Object)); // returns false
console.log(isVarTypeOf([], Array)); // returns true
console.log(isVarTypeOf({}, Object)); // returns true
console.log(isVarTypeOf({}, Array)); // returns false
console.log(isVarTypeOf(null, Object)); // returns false
console.log(isVarTypeOf(undefined, Object)); // returns false
console.log(isVarTypeOf(false, Boolean)); // returns true
这在Chrome 56、Firefox 52、Microsoft Edge 38、Internet Explorer 11和Opera 43上进行了测试
编辑:如果您还想检查变量是否为空或未定义,则可以使用以下方法:
function isVarTypeOf(_var, _type){
try {
return _var.constructor === _type;
} catch(ex) {
return _var == _type; //null and undefined are considered the same
// or you can use === if you want to differentiate them
}
}
var a = undefined, b = null;
console.log(isVarTypeOf(a, undefined)) // returns true
console.log(isVarTypeOf(b, undefined)) // returns true
console.log(isVarTypeOf(a, null)) // returns true
财务评论更新:接受挑战:D
如果要松散比较对象,可以尝试以下方法:
function isVarTypeOf(_var, _type, looseCompare){
if (!looseCompare){
try {
return _var.constructor === _type;
} catch(ex){
return _var == _type;
}
} else {
try{
switch(_var.constructor){
case Number:
case Function:
case Boolean:
case Symbol:
case Date:
case String:
case RegExp:
// add all standard objects you want to differentiate here
return _var.constructor === _type;
case Error:
case EvalError:
case RangeError:
case ReferenceError:
case SyntaxError:
case TypeError:
case URIError:
// all errors are considered the same when compared to generic Error
return (_type === Error ? Error : _var.constructor) === _type;
case Array:
case Int8Array:
case Uint8Array:
case Uint8ClampedArray:
case Int16Array:
case Uint16Array:
case Int32Array:
case Uint32Array:
case Float32Array:
case Float64Array:
// all types of array are considered the same when compared to generic Array
return (_type === Array ? Array : _var.constructor) === _type;
case Object:
default:
// the remaining are considered as custom class/object, so treat it as object when compared to generic Object
return (_type === Object ? Object : _var.constructor) === _type;
}
} catch(ex){
return _var == _type; //null and undefined are considered the same
// or you can use === if you want to differentiate them
}
}
}
这样,你就可以像finance的评论一样:
isVarTypeOf(new (function Foo(){}), Object); // returns false
isVarTypeOf(new (function Foo(){}), Object, true); // returns true
or
Foo = function(){};
Bar = function(){};
isVarTypeOf(new Foo(), Object); // returns false
isVarTypeOf(new Foo(), Object, true); // returns true
isVarTypeOf(new Bar(), Foo, true); // returns false
isVarTypeOf(new Bar(), Bar, true); // returns true
isVarTypeOf(new Bar(), Bar); // returns true
我有一段代码片段可以使用。当没有给出整段代码时,我觉得很困惑,所以我自己创建了它:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<button onclick="myFunc()">Try it</button>
<script>
var abc = new Number();
// var abc = 4;
//this is a code variation which will give a diff alert
function myFunc()
{
if(abc && typeof abc === "object")
alert('abc is an object and does not return null value');
else
alert('abc is not an object');
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
好的,在回答问题之前,让我们先给你这个概念,在JavaScript中,函数是Object,也可以是null、Object、Array甚至Date,所以正如你所看到的,没有一种简单的方法像typeof obj==“Object”,所以上面提到的一切都会返回true,但是有一些方法可以通过编写函数或使用JavaScript框架来检查它,好的:
现在,假设您有一个真正的对象(不是null、函数或数组):
var obj = {obj1: 'obj1', obj2: 'obj2'};
纯JavaScript:
//that's how it gets checked in angular framework
function isObject(obj) {
return obj !== null && typeof obj === 'object';
}
or
//make sure the second object is capitalised
function isObject(obj) {
return Object.prototype.toString.call(obj) === '[object Object]';
}
or
function isObject(obj) {
return obj.constructor.toString().indexOf("Object") > -1;
}
or
function isObject(obj) {
return obj instanceof Object;
}
您可以简单地在代码中使用上述函数之一,方法是调用它们,如果它是一个对象,则返回true:
isObject(obj);
如果您使用的是JavaScript框架,他们通常会为您准备这些类型的函数,其中很少:
jQuery:
//It returns 'object' if real Object;
jQuery.type(obj);
角度:
angular.isObject(obj);
Undercore和Lodash:
//(NOTE: in Underscore and Lodash, functions, arrays return true as well but not null)
_.isObject(obj);