我也很困惑……但也许我的答案会帮助到别人。 我假设您希望利用“w+”模式来创建不存在的文件。

实际上，如果文件不存在，只能创建w, w+， a, a+。

但是如果你需要读取文件的数据(当有数据的文件确实存在的情况下)，你不能用w+开箱即用，因为它会截断文件。哎呀，你不是那个意思!

所以，你最好的朋友可能是file.seek(0)的+:

with open('somefile.txt', 'a+') as f:
    f.seek(0)
    for line in f:
        print(f.readline())

Python中的所有文件模式

r for reading r+ opens for reading and writing (cannot truncate a file) w for writing w+ for writing and reading (can truncate a file) rb for reading a binary file. The file pointer is placed at the beginning of the file. rb+ reading or writing a binary file wb+ writing a binary file a+ opens for appending ab+ Opens a file for both appending and reading in binary. The file pointer is at the end of the file if the file exists. The file opens in the append mode. x open for exclusive creation, failing if the file already exists (Python 3)

假设你用一个with语句打开文件，就像你应该做的那样。然后你可以这样从你的文件中读取:

with open('somefile.txt', 'w+') as f:
    # Note that f has now been truncated to 0 bytes, so you'll only
    # be able to read data that you write after this point
    f.write('somedata\n')
    f.seek(0)  # Important: return to the top of the file before reading, otherwise you'll just read an empty string
    data = f.read() # Returns 'somedata\n'

注意f.seek(0)——如果您忘记了这一点，f.read()调用将尝试从文件末尾读取，并返回一个空字符串。

两者似乎都是一样的，但有一个问题。

r +待遇:

打开文件进行读写 一旦在开始文件中打开，指针将指向0 现在如果你想要阅读，它会从头开始阅读 如果你想写，那么就开始写，但是写过程将从指针0开始。如果有的话，字符会被覆盖 在这种情况下，File应该存在，FileNotFoundError将被引发。

w +待遇:

打开文件进行读写 如果文件存在，文件将被打开，所有数据将被擦除， 如果文件不存在，则创建新文件 在开始文件中指针将指向0(因为没有数据) 现在如果你想写点什么，那就写吧 文件指针现在指向文件的末尾(写入过程之后) 如果你现在想读取数据，请寻找特定的点。(用于开始seek(0))

总的来说，两者都意味着打开文件进行读写，但区别在于我们是否想要在开始时删除数据，然后进行读/写，还是只是像现在这样开始。

txt -在开始

1234567
abcdefg
0987654
1234

r+的代码

with open('abc.txt', 'r+') as f:      # abc.txt should exist before opening
    print(f.tell())                   # Should give ==> 0
    f.write('abcd')                   
    print(f.read())                   # Pointer is pointing to index 3 => 4th position
    f.write('Sunny')                  # After read pointer is at End of file

输出

0
567
abcdefg
0987654
1234

abc.txt -运行后:

abcd567
abcdefg
0987654
1234Sunny

将abc.txt重置为初始值

w+的代码

with open('abc.txt', 'w+') as f:     
    print(f.tell())                   # Should give ==> 0
    f.write('abcd')                   
    print(f.read())                   # Pointer is pointing to index 3 => 4th position
    f.write('Sunny')                  # After read pointer is at End of file

输出

0

abc.txt -运行后:

abcdSunny

下面是打开文件的不同模式:

r Opens a file for reading only. The file pointer is placed at the beginning of the file. This is the default mode. rb Opens a file for reading only in binary format. The file pointer is placed at the beginning of the file. This is the default mode. r+ Opens a file for both reading and writing. The file pointer will be at the beginning of the file. rb+ Opens a file for both reading and writing in binary format. The file pointer will be at the beginning of the file. w Opens a file for writing only. Overwrites the file if the file exists. If the file does not exist, creates a new file for writing. wb Opens a file for writing only in binary format. Overwrites the file if the file exists. If the file does not exist, creates a new file for writing. w+ Opens a file for both writing and reading. Overwrites the existing file if the file exists. If the file does not exist, creates a new file for reading and writing. wb+ Opens a file for both writing and reading in binary format. Overwrites the existing file if the file exists. If the file does not exist, creates a new file for reading and writing. a Opens a file for appending. The file pointer is at the end of the file if the file exists. That is, the file is in the append mode. If the file does not exist, it creates a new file for writing. ab Opens a file for appending in binary format. The file pointer is at the end of the file if the file exists. That is, the file is in the append mode. If the file does not exist, it creates a new file for writing. a+ Opens a file for both appending and reading. The file pointer is at the end of the file if the file exists. The file opens in the append mode. If the file does not exist, it creates a new file for reading and writing. ab+ Opens a file for both appending and reading in binary format. The file pointer is at the end of the file if the file exists. The file opens in the append mode. If the file does not exist, it creates a new file for reading and writing.

实际上，其他关于r+模的答案都有问题。

测试。在文件内容中:

hello1
ok2
byebye3

py脚本是:

with open("test.in", 'r+')as f:
    f.readline()
    f.write("addition")

执行它和测试。In的内容将更改为:

hello1
ok2
byebye3
addition

然而，当我们将脚本修改为:

with open("test.in", 'r+')as f:
    f.write("addition")

测试。也可以这样回答:

additionk2
byebye3

因此，如果我们不执行读取操作，r+模式将允许我们从头覆盖内容。如果我们做一些读操作，f.r ewrite()只会追加到文件中。

顺便说一下，如果我们在f.e re (write_content)之前执行f.e re (0,0)， write_content将从(0,0)位置开始覆盖它们。