如果你想在嵌套的子文件夹中运行一个命令来安装npm包，你可以通过npm和main package运行一个脚本。Json在根目录中。脚本将访问每个子目录并运行npm install。

下面是一个.js脚本，将实现预期的结果:

var fs = require('fs');
var resolve = require('path').resolve;
var join = require('path').join;
var cp = require('child_process');
var os = require('os');
    
// get library path
var lib = resolve(__dirname, '../lib/');
    
fs.readdirSync(lib).forEach(function(mod) {
    var modPath = join(lib, mod);
    
    // ensure path has package.json
    if (!fs.existsSync(join(modPath, 'package.json'))) {
        return;
    }

    // npm binary based on OS
    var npmCmd = os.platform().startsWith('win') ? 'npm.cmd' : 'npm';

    // install folder
    cp.spawn(npmCmd, ['i'], {
        env: process.env,
        cwd: modPath,
        stdio: 'inherit'
    });
})

请注意，这是取自StrongLoop文章的示例，该文章专门处理模块化node.js项目结构(包括嵌套组件和包)。json文件)。

如前所述，您也可以使用bash脚本实现相同的功能。

编辑:使代码在Windows工作

受这里提供的脚本的启发，我构建了一个可配置的示例:

can be setup to use yarn or npm can be setup to determine the command to use based on lock files so that if you set it to use yarn but a directory only has a package-lock.json it will use npm for that directory (defaults to true). configure logging runs installations in parallel using cp.spawn can do dry runs to let you see what it would do first can be run as a function or auto run using env vars when run as a function, optionally provide array of directories to check returns a promise that resolves when completed allows setting max depth to look if needed knows to stop recursing if it finds a folder with yarn workspaces (configurable) allows skipping directories using a comma separated env var or by passing the config an array of strings to match against or a function which receives the file name, file path, and the fs.Dirent obj and expects a boolean result.

const path = require('path');
const { promises: fs } = require('fs');
const cp = require('child_process');

// if you want to have it automatically run based upon
// process.cwd()
const AUTO_RUN = Boolean(process.env.RI_AUTO_RUN);

/**
 * Creates a config object from environment variables which can then be
 * overriden if executing via its exported function (config as second arg)
 */
const getConfig = (config = {}) => ({
  // we want to use yarn by default but RI_USE_YARN=false will
  // use npm instead
  useYarn: process.env.RI_USE_YARN !== 'false',
  // should we handle yarn workspaces?  if this is true (default)
  // then we will stop recursing if a package.json has the "workspaces"
  // property and we will allow `yarn` to do its thing.
  yarnWorkspaces: process.env.RI_YARN_WORKSPACES !== 'false',
  // if truthy, will run extra checks to see if there is a package-lock.json
  // or yarn.lock file in a given directory and use that installer if so.
  detectLockFiles: process.env.RI_DETECT_LOCK_FILES !== 'false',
  // what kind of logging should be done on the spawned processes?
  // if this exists and it is not errors it will log everything
  // otherwise it will only log stderr and spawn errors
  log: process.env.RI_LOG || 'errors',
  // max depth to recurse?
  maxDepth: process.env.RI_MAX_DEPTH || Infinity,
  // do not install at the root directory?
  ignoreRoot: Boolean(process.env.RI_IGNORE_ROOT),
  // an array (or comma separated string for env var) of directories
  // to skip while recursing. if array, can pass functions which
  // return a boolean after receiving the dir path and fs.Dirent args
  // @see https://nodejs.org/api/fs.html#fs_class_fs_dirent
  skipDirectories: process.env.RI_SKIP_DIRS
    ? process.env.RI_SKIP_DIRS.split(',').map(str => str.trim())
    : undefined,
  // just run through and log the actions that would be taken?
  dry: Boolean(process.env.RI_DRY_RUN),
  ...config
});

function handleSpawnedProcess(dir, log, proc) {
  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    proc.on('error', error => {
      console.log(`
----------------
  [RI] | [ERROR] | Failed to Spawn Process
  - Path:   ${dir}
  - Reason: ${error.message}
----------------
  `);
      reject(error);
    });

    if (log) {
      proc.stderr.on('data', data => {
        console.error(`[RI] | [${dir}] | ${data}`);
      });
    }

    if (log && log !== 'errors') {
      proc.stdout.on('data', data => {
        console.log(`[RI] | [${dir}] | ${data}`);
      });
    }

    proc.on('close', code => {
      if (log && log !== 'errors') {
        console.log(`
----------------
  [RI] | [COMPLETE] | Spawned Process Closed
  - Path: ${dir}
  - Code: ${code}
----------------
        `);
      }
      if (code === 0) {
        resolve();
      } else {
        reject(
          new Error(
            `[RI] | [ERROR] | [${dir}] | failed to install with exit code ${code}`
          )
        );
      }
    });
  });
}

async function recurseDirectory(rootDir, config) {
  const {
    useYarn,
    yarnWorkspaces,
    detectLockFiles,
    log,
    maxDepth,
    ignoreRoot,
    skipDirectories,
    dry
  } = config;

  const installPromises = [];

  function install(cmd, folder, relativeDir) {
    const proc = cp.spawn(cmd, ['install'], {
      cwd: folder,
      env: process.env
    });
    installPromises.push(handleSpawnedProcess(relativeDir, log, proc));
  }

  function shouldSkipFile(filePath, file) {
    if (!file.isDirectory() || file.name === 'node_modules') {
      return true;
    }
    if (!skipDirectories) {
      return false;
    }
    return skipDirectories.some(check =>
      typeof check === 'function' ? check(filePath, file) : check === file.name
    );
  }

  async function getInstallCommand(folder) {
    let cmd = useYarn ? 'yarn' : 'npm';
    if (detectLockFiles) {
      const [hasYarnLock, hasPackageLock] = await Promise.all([
        fs
          .readFile(path.join(folder, 'yarn.lock'))
          .then(() => true)
          .catch(() => false),
        fs
          .readFile(path.join(folder, 'package-lock.json'))
          .then(() => true)
          .catch(() => false)
      ]);
      if (cmd === 'yarn' && !hasYarnLock && hasPackageLock) {
        cmd = 'npm';
      } else if (cmd === 'npm' && !hasPackageLock && hasYarnLock) {
        cmd = 'yarn';
      }
    }
    return cmd;
  }

  async function installRecursively(folder, depth = 0) {
    if (dry || (log && log !== 'errors')) {
      console.log('[RI] | Check Directory --> ', folder);
    }

    let pkg;

    if (folder !== rootDir || !ignoreRoot) {
      try {
        // Check if package.json exists, if it doesnt this will error and move on
        pkg = JSON.parse(await fs.readFile(path.join(folder, 'package.json')));
        // get the command that we should use.  if lock checking is enabled it will
        // also determine what installer to use based on the available lock files
        const cmd = await getInstallCommand(folder);
        const relativeDir = `${path.basename(rootDir)} -> ./${path.relative(
          rootDir,
          folder
        )}`;
        if (dry || (log && log !== 'errors')) {
          console.log(
            `[RI] | Performing (${cmd} install) at path "${relativeDir}"`
          );
        }
        if (!dry) {
          install(cmd, folder, relativeDir);
        }
      } catch {
        // do nothing when error caught as it simply indicates package.json likely doesnt
        // exist.
      }
    }

    if (
      depth >= maxDepth ||
      (pkg && useYarn && yarnWorkspaces && pkg.workspaces)
    ) {
      // if we have reached maxDepth or if our package.json in the current directory
      // contains yarn workspaces then we use yarn for installing then this is the last
      // directory we will attempt to install.
      return;
    }

    const files = await fs.readdir(folder, { withFileTypes: true });

    return Promise.all(
      files.map(file => {
        const filePath = path.join(folder, file.name);
        return shouldSkipFile(filePath, file)
          ? undefined
          : installRecursively(filePath, depth + 1);
      })
    );
  }

  await installRecursively(rootDir);
  await Promise.all(installPromises);
}

async function startRecursiveInstall(directories, _config) {
  const config = getConfig(_config);
  const promise = Array.isArray(directories)
    ? Promise.all(directories.map(rootDir => recurseDirectory(rootDir, config)))
    : recurseDirectory(directories, config);
  await promise;
}

if (AUTO_RUN) {
  startRecursiveInstall(process.cwd());
}

module.exports = startRecursiveInstall;

随着它的使用:

const installRecursively = require('./recursive-install');

installRecursively(process.cwd(), { dry: true })

根据@Scott的回答，只要知道子目录名，安装|postinstall脚本是最简单的方法。这就是我如何对多个子dirs运行它。例如，假设我们在monorepo根目录下有api/、web/和shared/子项目:

// In monorepo root package.json
{
...
 "scripts": {
    "postinstall": "(cd api && npm install); (cd web && npm install); (cd shared && npm install)"
  },
}

在Windows上，替换;在圆括号&&之间。

// In monorepo root package.json
{
...
 "scripts": {
    "postinstall": "(cd api && npm install) && (cd web && npm install) && (cd shared && npm install)"
  },
}

[macOS、Linux用户]:

我创建了一个bash文件来安装项目和嵌套文件夹中的所有依赖项。

find . -name node_modules -prune -o -name package.json -execdir npm install \;

解释:在根目录中，排除node_modules文件夹(即使在嵌套文件夹中)，找到包含包的目录。Json文件，然后运行NPM install命令。

如果你只是想找到指定的文件夹(例如:abc123, def456文件夹)，运行如下:

find ./abc123/* ./def456/* -name node_modules -prune -o -name package.json -execdir npm install \;

添加Windows支持snozza的答案，以及跳过node_modules文件夹如果存在。

var fs = require('fs')
var resolve = require('path').resolve
var join = require('path').join
var cp = require('child_process')

// get library path
var lib = resolve(__dirname, '../lib/')

fs.readdirSync(lib)
  .forEach(function (mod) {
    var modPath = join(lib, mod)
    // ensure path has package.json
    if (!mod === 'node_modules' && !fs.existsSync(join(modPath, 'package.json'))) return

    // Determine OS and set command accordingly
    const cmd = /^win/.test(process.platform) ? 'npm.cmd' : 'npm';

    // install folder
    cp.spawn(cmd, ['i'], { env: process.env, cwd: modPath, stdio: 'inherit' })
})

正如fgblomqvist在评论中提到的，npm现在也支持工作区了。

有些答案相当古老。我认为现在我们有一些新的选择来建立单回购。

我建议使用纱线工作区:

工作区是一种设置包架构的新方法，从Yarn 1.0开始默认提供。它允许你设置多个包，这样你只需要运行一次yarn install就可以一次安装所有的包。

如果你更喜欢或不得不使用npm，我建议你看看lerna:

Lerna是一个工具，它优化了使用git和npm管理多包存储库的工作流。

Lerna也可以完美地使用纱线工作区。我刚刚完成了一个monorepo项目的设置-示例。

下面是一个配置为使用npm + lerna - MDC Web的多包项目的示例:他们使用package运行lerna引导。json是postinstall。