我发现了比其他复杂解决方案更好的替代方案。

brew install https://raw.github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-versions/master/postgresql8.rb

这将下载并安装PostgreSQL 8.4.8

我通过开始遵循搜索回购和回购中的注释的步骤找到了这个解决方案。

经过一番研究发现，有人收集了一些罕见的配方奶粉。

如果您正在查找MySQL 5.1.x，请尝试一下。

brew install https://raw.github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-versions/master/mysql51.rb

UPDATE：此方法已弃用，不再有效。

此方法导致错误：不支持从GitHub提交URL安装mysql！brew将mysql提取到GitHub上的稳定水龙头。（用法错误）

$ brew install https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/c77882756a832ac1d87e7396c114158e5619016c/Formula/mysql.rb
Updating Homebrew...
==> Auto-updated Homebrew!
Updated 2 taps (homebrew/core and homebrew/cask).

...

Traceback (most recent call last):
    9: from /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Homebrew/brew.rb:122:in `<main>'
    8: from /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Homebrew/cmd/install.rb:132:in `install'
    7: from /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Homebrew/cli/parser.rb:302:in `parse'
    6: from /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Homebrew/cli/parser.rb:651:in `formulae'
    5: from /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Homebrew/cli/parser.rb:651:in `map'
    4: from /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Homebrew/cli/parser.rb:655:in `block in formulae'
    3: from /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Homebrew/formulary.rb:351:in `factory'
    2: from /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Homebrew/formulary.rb:138:in `get_formula'
    1: from /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Homebrew/formulary.rb:142:in `klass'
/usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Homebrew/formulary.rb:227:in `load_file': Invalid usage: Installation of mysql from a GitHub commit URL is unsupported! `brew extract mysql` to a stable tap on GitHub instead. (UsageError)
    12: from /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Homebrew/brew.rb:155:in `<main>'
    11: from /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Homebrew/brew.rb:157:in `rescue in <main>'
    10: from /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Homebrew/help.rb:64:in `help'
     9: from /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Homebrew/help.rb:83:in `command_help'
     8: from /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Homebrew/help.rb:103:in `parser_help'
     7: from /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Homebrew/cli/parser.rb:302:in `parse'
     6: from /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Homebrew/cli/parser.rb:651:in `formulae'
     5: from /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Homebrew/cli/parser.rb:651:in `map'
     4: from /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Homebrew/cli/parser.rb:655:in `block in formulae'
     3: from /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Homebrew/formulary.rb:351:in `factory'
     2: from /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Homebrew/formulary.rb:138:in `get_formula'
     1: from /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Homebrew/formulary.rb:142:in `klass'
/usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Homebrew/formulary.rb:227:in `load_file': Invalid usage: Installation of mysql from a GitHub commit URL is unsupported! `brew extract mysql` to a stable tap on GitHub instead. (UsageError)

我尝试使用推荐的命令进行安装，但它在MySQL 5.7.10的这个特定实例中不起作用。你可能会有更好的运气与更新的公式。

$ brew extract --version=5.7.10 mysql homebrew/cask
==> Searching repository history
==> Writing formula for mysql from revision 0fa511b to:
/usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-cask/Formula/mysql@5.7.10.rb

$ 

$ brew install /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-cask/Formula/mysql@5.7.10.rb
Updating Homebrew...
==> Auto-updated Homebrew!
Updated 1 tap (homebrew/core).
==> Updated Formulae
Updated 1 formula.
Error: undefined method `core_tap?' for nil:NilClass

Error: Failed to load cask: /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-cask/Formula/mysql@5.7.10.rb
Cask 'mysql@5.7.10' is unreadable: wrong constant name #<Class:0x00007f9b9498cad8>
Warning: Treating /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-cask/Formula/mysql@5.7.10.rb as a formula.
==> Installing mysql@5.7.10 from homebrew/cask
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/cmake-3.19.4.big_sur.bottle.tar.gz
==> Downloading from https://d29vzk4ow07wi7.cloudfront.net/278f2ad1caf664019ff7b4a7fc5493999c06adf503637447af13a617d45cf484?response-content-disposition=attachment%3Bfilenam
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Downloading https://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/boost/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.bz2
==> Downloading from https://phoenixnap.dl.sourceforge.net/project/boost/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.bz2
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Downloading https://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.10.tar.gz

curl: (22) The requested URL returned error: 404 Not Found
Error: Failed to download resource "mysql@5.7.10"
Download failed: https://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.10.tar.gz

您可以在上面的路径中修改公式（用ruby编写），以尝试实现所需的结果（例如，在最近的macOS版本上安装MySQL 5.7.10）。

您可以使用识别公式和公式历史记录中与您要安装的软件包版本匹配的特定提交的策略。

去https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core按键盘上的t启动文件查找器。确定一个看起来最相关的公式，可能是：formula/mysql.rb，将您带到forumla文件位置：https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/blob/master/Formula/mysql.rb.单击历史记录按钮查看修订历史记录，该按钮位于https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/commits/master/Formula/mysql.rb.如果您对MySQL 5.7.10感兴趣，可以单击5.7.11之前的最新版本，该版本导航到GitHub提交：

https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/commit/c77882756a832ac1d87e7396c114158e5619016c#Formula/mysql.rb

注意：如果提交历史没有加载到浏览器中，您可能需要根据GitHub的建议在控制台中查看提交历史。如果您有兴趣在GitHub上看到提交，请在URL中替换上面的提交SHA。或者，跳到下面的步骤7。

应用提交后，单击“查看”按钮查看mysql.rb文件的源代码。然后单击“原始”按钮查看原始源。复制URL。或者，使用mysql.rb文件名自己构建URL，以标识您的公式和该公式的特定版本（由以下URL中的commmit SHA标识）。

https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/c77882756a832ac1d87e7396c114158e5619016c/Formula/mysql.rb

使用$brew Install[步骤7的URL]安装它$brew安装https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/c77882756a832ac1d87e7396c114158e5619016c/Formula/mysql.rb

其他答案都没有充分涵盖2022年的这一问题，因此我添加了以下说明，这些说明改编自Homebrew维护人员对安装特定酒桶版本的类似问题的回答：https://stackoverflow.com/a/62765875/6310633

卸载公式

brew uninstall <formula>

切换到自制核心回购的克隆，并重置为包含所需版本的提交。

cd "$(brew --prefix)/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core/Formula"
git log <formula>.rb # examine recent commits for <formula>
git reset --hard <commit-sha> # reset clone to last known-good commit for <formula>

为您的版本签出一个新的分支，这样brew不会在每次命令后自动刷新master，安装您的公式并锁定它。

git checkout -b <formula>-downgrade-<version>
brew install <formula>
brew pin <formula>

清理

git checkout master
brew update

当您准备好升级公式时，您可以像往常一样酿造unpin＜formula＞并升级。

我发现了比其他复杂解决方案更好的替代方案。

brew install https://raw.github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-versions/master/postgresql8.rb

这将下载并安装PostgreSQL 8.4.8

我通过开始遵循搜索回购和回购中的注释的步骤找到了这个解决方案。

经过一番研究发现，有人收集了一些罕见的配方奶粉。

如果您正在查找MySQL 5.1.x，请尝试一下。

brew install https://raw.github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-versions/master/mysql51.rb

目前，安装特定公式版本的旧方法已被弃用。因此，我们似乎必须使用brew edit[公式]。例如，假设我们要安装icu4c的62.1版本（例如postgresql10.5需要）

> brew edit icu4c
# drops you to editor

在这里，您必须将url、version和sha256（可能也是镜像）更改为相应的62.1字符串。

url "https://ssl.icu-project.org/files/icu4c/62.1/icu4c-62_1-src.tgz"
mirror "https://github.com/unicode-org/icu/releases/download/release-62-1/icu4c-62_1-src.tgz"
version "62.1"
sha256 "3dd9868d666350dda66a6e305eecde9d479fb70b30d5b55d78a1deffb97d5aa3"

然后运行brew重新安装icu4c，最终下载62.1版本。

brew版本和brew安装https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/现在不支持<COMMIT-HASH>/Formula/<Formula>.rb。

您可以这样尝试：

$ brew extract --version 5.6.2 gradle vitahlin/core
$ brew install gradle@5.6.2