重定向stderr到stdout似乎也没有任何其他命令/scriptblock包装的技巧，尽管我找不到一个解释为什么它是这样工作的。

# test.ps1

$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"

aws s3 ls s3://xxx
echo "==> pass"

aws s3 ls s3://xxx 2>&1
echo "shouldn't be here"

这将如预期的那样输出以下内容(命令aws s3…返回$LASTEXITCODE = 255)

PS> .\test.ps1

An error occurred (AccessDenied) when calling the ListObjectsV2 operation: Access Denied
==> pass

我刚接触powershell，但这似乎是最有效的:

doSomething -arg myArg
if (-not $?) {throw "Failed to doSomething"}

您应该能够通过在脚本的开头使用语句$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"来实现这一点。

$ErrorActionPreference的默认设置是Continue，这就是为什么你看到你的脚本在错误发生后继续运行。

据我所知，Powershell对它调用的子程序返回的非零退出码没有任何自动处理。

到目前为止，我所知道的模仿bash -e行为的唯一解决方案是在每次调用外部命令后添加这个检查:

if(!$?) { Exit $LASTEXITCODE }

对于powershell函数和调用exe函数，您需要稍微不同的错误处理，并且您需要确保告诉脚本的调用者它失败了。构建在Psake库的Exec之上，具有下面结构的脚本将在所有错误时停止，并可作为大多数脚本的基本模板。

Set-StrictMode -Version latest
$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"


# Taken from psake https://github.com/psake/psake
<#
.SYNOPSIS
  This is a helper function that runs a scriptblock and checks the PS variable $lastexitcode
  to see if an error occcured. If an error is detected then an exception is thrown.
  This function allows you to run command-line programs without having to
  explicitly check the $lastexitcode variable.
.EXAMPLE
  exec { svn info $repository_trunk } "Error executing SVN. Please verify SVN command-line client is installed"
#>
function Exec
{
    [CmdletBinding()]
    param(
        [Parameter(Position=0,Mandatory=1)][scriptblock]$cmd,
        [Parameter(Position=1,Mandatory=0)][string]$errorMessage = ("Error executing command {0}" -f $cmd)
    )
    & $cmd
    if ($lastexitcode -ne 0) {
        throw ("Exec: " + $errorMessage)
    }
}

Try {

    # Put all your stuff inside here!

    # powershell functions called as normal and try..catch reports errors 
    New-Object System.Net.WebClient

    # call exe's and check their exit code using Exec
    Exec { setup.exe }

} Catch {
    # tell the caller it has all gone wrong
    $host.SetShouldExit(-1)
    throw
}

重定向stderr到stdout似乎也没有任何其他命令/scriptblock包装的技巧，尽管我找不到一个解释为什么它是这样工作的。

# test.ps1

$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"

aws s3 ls s3://xxx
echo "==> pass"

aws s3 ls s3://xxx 2>&1
echo "shouldn't be here"

这将如预期的那样输出以下内容(命令aws s3…返回$LASTEXITCODE = 255)

PS> .\test.ps1

An error occurred (AccessDenied) when calling the ListObjectsV2 operation: Access Denied
==> pass