我可以删除一个表,如果它存在使用以下代码,但不知道如何做同样的约束:

IF EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM sys.objects WHERE OBJECT_ID = OBJECT_ID(N'TableName') AND type = (N'U')) DROP TABLE TableName
go 

我还使用以下代码添加了约束:

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TableName] 
  WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_TableName_TableName2] FOREIGN KEY([FK_Name])
    REFERENCES [dbo].[TableName2] ([ID])
go

当前回答

对于这个问题,公认的答案似乎对我不起作用。我用稍微不同的方法达到了同样的效果:

IF (select object_id from sys.foreign_keys where [name] = 'FK_TableName_TableName2') IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
    ALTER TABLE dbo.TableName DROP CONSTRAINT FK_TableName_TableName2
END

其他回答

埃里克·艾萨克斯给出了更简单的答案。但是,它可以在任何表上找到约束。如果你想在一个特定的表上指定一个外键约束,使用这个:

IF EXISTS (SELECT * 
  FROM sys.foreign_keys 
   WHERE object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'FK_TableName_TableName2')
   AND parent_object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'dbo.TableName')
)
  ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TableName] DROP CONSTRAINT [FK_TableName_TableName2]
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[TableName]
    DROP CONSTRAINT FK_TableName_TableName2

如果您知道实际约束的名称,James的答案就很管用。棘手的是,在遗留和其他现实场景中,您可能不知道约束被称为什么。

如果是这种情况,你可能会创建重复的约束,为了避免,你可以使用:

create function fnGetForeignKeyName
(
    @ParentTableName nvarchar(255), 
    @ParentColumnName nvarchar(255),
    @ReferencedTableName nvarchar(255),
    @ReferencedColumnName nvarchar(255)
)
returns nvarchar(255)
as
begin 
    declare @name nvarchar(255)

    select @name = fk.name  from sys.foreign_key_columns fc
    join sys.columns pc on pc.column_id = parent_column_id and parent_object_id = pc.object_id
    join sys.columns rc on rc.column_id = referenced_column_id and referenced_object_id = rc.object_id 
    join sys.objects po on po.object_id = pc.object_id
    join sys.objects ro on ro.object_id = rc.object_id 
    join sys.foreign_keys fk on fk.object_id = fc.constraint_object_id
    where 
        po.object_id = object_id(@ParentTableName) and 
        ro.object_id = object_id(@ReferencedTableName) and
        pc.name = @ParentColumnName and 
        rc.name = @ReferencedColumnName

    return @name
end

go

declare @name nvarchar(255)
declare @sql nvarchar(4000)
-- hunt for the constraint name on 'Badges.BadgeReasonTypeId' table refs the 'BadgeReasonTypes.Id'
select @name = dbo.fnGetForeignKeyName('dbo.Badges', 'BadgeReasonTypeId', 'dbo.BadgeReasonTypes', 'Id')
-- if we find it, the name will not be null
if @name is not null 
begin 
    set @sql = 'alter table Badges drop constraint ' + replace(@name,']', ']]')
    exec (@sql)
end
Declare @FKeyRemoveQuery NVarchar(max)

IF EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM sys.foreign_keys WHERE parent_object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'dbo.TableName'))

BEGIN
    SELECT @FKeyRemoveQuery='ALTER TABLE dbo.TableName DROP CONSTRAINT [' + LTRIM(RTRIM([name])) + ']'   
    FROM sys.foreign_keys
    WHERE parent_object_id = OBJECT_ID(N'dbo.TableName')

    EXECUTE Sp_executesql @FKeyRemoveQuery 

END
IF (OBJECT_ID('DF_Constraint') IS NOT NULL)
BEGIN
    ALTER TABLE [dbo].[tableName]
    DROP CONSTRAINT DF_Constraint
END