我一直在用Chromedriver测试Selenium,我注意到一些页面可以检测到你正在使用Selenium,即使根本没有自动化。甚至当我手动使用Chrome通过Selenium和Xephyr浏览时,我经常会看到一个页面说检测到可疑活动。我已经检查了我的用户代理和浏览器指纹,它们都与正常的Chrome浏览器完全相同。

当我在普通的Chrome浏览器中浏览这些网站时,一切都很好,但当我使用Selenium时,我被检测到。

理论上,chromedriver和Chrome在任何web服务器上看起来应该是完全一样的,但不知何故它们可以检测到它。

如果你想要一些测试代码,试试这个:

from pyvirtualdisplay import Display
from selenium import webdriver

display = Display(visible=1, size=(1600, 902))
display.start()
chrome_options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-extensions')
chrome_options.add_argument('--profile-directory=Default')
chrome_options.add_argument("--incognito")
chrome_options.add_argument("--disable-plugins-discovery");
chrome_options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_options)
driver.delete_all_cookies()
driver.set_window_size(800,800)
driver.set_window_position(0,0)
print 'arguments done'
driver.get('http://stubhub.com')

如果你在stubhub周围浏览,你会在一两个请求内被重定向和“阻止”。我一直在研究这个问题,但我不知道他们是如何判断用户正在使用Selenium的。

他们是怎么做到的?

我在Firefox中安装了Selenium IDE插件,当我在普通的Firefox浏览器中只使用附加插件访问stubhub.com时,我被禁止了。

当我使用Fiddler查看来回发送的HTTP请求时,我注意到“假浏览器”的请求经常在响应头中有“无缓存”。

是否有一种方法可以从JavaScript检测我是否在Selenium Webdriver页面中?建议当你在使用网络驱动程序时没有办法检测。但这些证据表明情况并非如此。

该网站将指纹上传到他们的服务器上,但我检查了一下,Selenium的指纹与使用Chrome时的指纹是相同的。

这是他们发送到服务器上的指纹载荷之一:

{"appName":"Netscape","platform":"Linuxx86_64","cookies":1,"syslang":"en-US","userlang":"en-
US","cpu":"","productSub":"20030107","setTimeout":1,"setInterval":1,"plugins":
{"0":"ChromePDFViewer","1":"ShockwaveFlash","2":"WidevineContentDecryptionMo
dule","3":"NativeClient","4":"ChromePDFViewer"},"mimeTypes":
{"0":"application/pdf","1":"ShockwaveFlashapplication/x-shockwave-
flash","2":"FutureSplashPlayerapplication/futuresplash","3":"WidevineContent
DecryptionModuleapplication/x-ppapi-widevine-
cdm","4":"NativeClientExecutableapplication/x-
nacl","5":"PortableNativeClientExecutableapplication/x-
pnacl","6":"PortableDocumentFormatapplication/x-google-chrome-
pdf"},"screen":{"width":1600,"height":900,"colorDepth":24},"fonts":
{"0":"monospace","1":"DejaVuSerif","2":"Georgia","3":"DejaVuSans","4":"Trebu
chetMS","5":"Verdana","6":"AndaleMono","7":"DejaVuSansMono","8":"LiberationM
ono","9":"NimbusMonoL","10":"CourierNew","11":"Courier"}}

它在Selenium和Chrome中是相同的。

vpn只用于一次使用,但在加载第一个页面后就会被检测到。显然,正在运行一些JavaScript代码来检测Selenium。


当前回答

你可以尝试使用参数enable-automation

var options = new ChromeOptions();

// hide selenium
options.AddExcludedArguments(new List<string>() { "enable-automation" });

var driver = new ChromeDriver(ChromeDriverService.CreateDefaultService(), options);

但是,我想警告一下,这个能力在ChromeDriver 79.0.3945.16中被修复了。 所以你可能应该使用旧版本的chrome。

另外,作为另一种选择,你可以尝试使用InternetExplorerDriver而不是Chrome。对我来说,IE在没有任何hack的情况下根本不会阻塞。

想要了解更多信息,请看看这里:

Selenium webdriver:修改导航器。Webdriver标志,以防止硒检测

在Chrome v76中无法隐藏“Chrome被自动软件控制”信息栏

其他回答

正如我们已经在问题和发布的答案中发现的那样,这里有一个名为“蒸馏网络”的反网络抓取和机器人检测服务。根据该公司CEO的采访:

尽管他们可以创造新的机器人,但我们找到了识别的方法 硒是他们使用的一个工具,所以我们阻止硒不 不管他们在机器人上迭代了多少次。我们现在正在做 使用Python和许多不同的技术。一旦我们发现了规律 从一种机器人中脱颖而出,然后我们对其进行逆向工程 他们使用的技术并将其识别为恶意的。

要了解他们究竟是如何检测硒的,还需要时间和更多的挑战,但目前我们可以肯定地说:

it's not related to the actions you take with Selenium. Once you navigate to the site, you get immediately detected and banned. I've tried to add artificial random delays between actions, take a pause after the page is loaded - nothing helped it's not about browser fingerprint either. I tried it in multiple browsers with clean profiles and not, incognito modes, but nothing helped since, according to the hint in the interview, this was "reverse engineering", I suspect this is done with some JavaScript code being executed in the browser revealing that this is a browser automated via Selenium WebDriver

我决定把它作为一个答案,因为很明显:

当你用chromedriver使用selenium时,网站能检测到吗?

Yes.


Also, I haven't experimented with older Selenium and older browser versions. In theory, there could be something implemented/added to Selenium at a certain point that Distil Networks bot detector currently relies on. Then, if this is the case, we might detect (yeah, let's detect the detector) at what point/version a relevant change was made, look into changelog and changesets and, may be, this could give us more information on where to look and what is it they use to detect a webdriver-powered browser. It's just a theory that needs to be tested.

我发现改变JavaScript的“key”变量是这样的:

//Fools the website into believing a human is navigating it
((JavascriptExecutor)driver).executeScript("window.key = \"blahblah\";");

当使用Selenium WebDriver和谷歌Chrome时,可以在一些网站上使用,因为许多网站都会检查这个变量,以避免被Selenium刮擦。

一些网站发现了这一点:

function d() {
try {
    if (window.document.$cdc_asdjflasutopfhvcZLmcfl_.cache_)
        return !0
} catch (e) {}

try {
    //if (window.document.documentElement.getAttribute(decodeURIComponent("%77%65%62%64%72%69%76%65%72")))
    if (window.document.documentElement.getAttribute("webdriver"))
        return !0
} catch (e) {}

try {
    //if (decodeURIComponent("%5F%53%65%6C%65%6E%69%75%6D%5F%49%44%45%5F%52%65%63%6F%72%64%65%72") in window)
    if ("_Selenium_IDE_Recorder" in window)
        return !0
} catch (e) {}

try {
    //if (decodeURIComponent("%5F%5F%77%65%62%64%72%69%76%65%72%5F%73%63%72%69%70%74%5F%66%6E") in document)
    if ("__webdriver_script_fn" in document)
        return !0
} catch (e) {}

它适用于一些网站,从导航器中删除属性webdriver

from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.execute_cdp_cmd("Page.addScriptToEvaluateOnNewDocument", {
    "source":
        "const newProto = navigator.__proto__;"
        "delete newProto.webdriver;"
        "navigator.__proto__ = newProto;"
    })

用下面的代码编写一个HTML页面。你会看到在DOM中selenium应用了outerHTML中的webdriver属性:

< html > < >头 < script type = " text / javascript " > < !-- 函数显示窗口(){ javascript:(警报(document.documentElement.outerHTML)); } //--> > < /脚本 > < /头 身体< > < >形式 <input type="button" value="Show outerHTML" onclick="showWindow()" > > < /形式 身体< / > < / html >