要将文件的内容从类路径读入String，你可以使用这个:

private String resourceToString(String filePath) throws IOException, URISyntaxException
{
    try (InputStream inputStream = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(filePath))
    {
        return IOUtils.toString(inputStream);
    }
}

注意: IOUtils是Commons IO的一部分。

这样叫它:

String fileContents = resourceToString("ImOnTheClasspath.txt");

你必须把你的“系统变量”放在Java类路径上。

我使用webshpere应用服务器和我的Web模块是建立在Spring MVC。测试。属性位于资源文件夹中，我尝试使用以下方法加载此文件:

.getResourceAsStream .getClassLoader this.getClass()()(“Test.properties”); this.getClass () .getResourceAsStream (" / Test.properties ");

上面的代码都没有加载文件。

但是在下面代码的帮助下，属性文件被成功加载:

.getResourceAsStream .getContextClassLoader Thread.currentThread()()(“Test.properties”);

感谢用户“user1695166”。

如果你在jar文件中编译项目: 你可以把你的文件放在resources/files/your_file中。文本或pdf;

并使用这段代码:

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import java.io.*;

public class readFileService(){
    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(readFileService.class);


    public byte[] getFile(){
        String filePath="/files/your_file";
        InputStream inputStreamFile;
        byte[] bytes;
        try{
            inputStreamFile = this.getClass().getResourceAsStream(filePath);
            bytes = new byte[inputStreamFile.available()];
            inputStreamFile.read(bytes);    
        } catch(NullPointerException | IOException e) {
            LOGGER.error("Erreur read file "+filePath+" error message :" +e.getMessage());
            return null;
        }
        return bytes;
    } 
}

要获得类的绝对路径，请尝试以下方法:

String url = this.getClass().getResource("").getPath();

我的回答与问题中所问的不完全一样。相反，我给出了一个解决方案，我们可以很容易地从我们的项目类路径读取文件到java应用程序。

例如，假设配置文件example.xml位于如下路径

com.myproject.config.dev

我们的Java可执行类文件在下面的路径:-

com.myproject.server.main

now just check in both the above path which is the nearest common directory/folder from where you can access both dev and main directory/folder (com.myproject.server.main - where our application’s java executable class is existed) – We can see that it is myproject folder/directory which is the nearest common directory/folder from where we can access our example.xml file. Therefore from a java executable class resides in folder/directory main we have to go back two steps like ../../ to access myproject. Now following this, see how we can read the file:-

package com.myproject.server.main;

class Example {

  File xmlFile;

  public Example(){
       String filePath = this.getClass().getResource("../../config/dev/example.xml").getPath();
       this.xmlFile = new File(filePath);
    }

  public File getXMLFile() {
      return this.xmlFile;
  }
   public static void main(String args[]){
      Example ex = new Example();
      File xmlFile = ex.getXMLFile();
   }
}