如果在IN子句中存储了以逗号(，)分隔的字符串，则可以使用charindex函数获取值。如果使用. net，则可以使用SqlParameters进行映射。

DDL Script:

CREATE TABLE Tags
    ([ID] int, [Name] varchar(20))
;

INSERT INTO Tags
    ([ID], [Name])
VALUES
    (1, 'ruby'),
    (2, 'rails'),
    (3, 'scruffy'),
    (4, 'rubyonrails')
;

t - sql:

DECLARE @Param nvarchar(max)

SET @Param = 'ruby,rails,scruffy,rubyonrails'

SELECT * FROM Tags
WHERE CharIndex(Name,@Param)>0

您可以在. net代码中使用上述语句并将参数映射为SqlParameter。

提琴手演示

编辑: 使用下面的脚本创建名为SelectedTags的表。

DDL Script:

Create table SelectedTags
(Name nvarchar(20));

INSERT INTO SelectedTags values ('ruby'),('rails')

t - sql:

DECLARE @list nvarchar(max)
SELECT @list=coalesce(@list+',','')+st.Name FROM SelectedTags st

SELECT * FROM Tags
WHERE CharIndex(Name,@Param)>0

    create FUNCTION [dbo].[ConvertStringToList]


      (@str VARCHAR (MAX), @delimeter CHAR (1))
        RETURNS 
        @result TABLE (
            [ID] INT NULL)
    AS
    BEG

IN

    DECLARE @x XML 
    SET @x = '<t>' + REPLACE(@str, @delimeter, '</t><t>') + '</t>'

    INSERT INTO @result
    SELECT DISTINCT x.i.value('.', 'int') AS token
    FROM @x.nodes('//t') x(i)
    ORDER BY 1

RETURN
END

——你的查询

select * from table where id in ([dbo].[ConvertStringToList(YOUR comma separated string ,',')])

在我看来，正确的方法是将列表存储在字符串中(长度受DBMS支持的限制);唯一的技巧是(为了简化处理)我在字符串的开头和结尾都有一个分隔符(在我的例子中是一个逗号)。其思想是“动态规范化”，将列表转换为单列表，每个值包含一行。这让你可以转弯

In (ct1,ct2, ct3…卡通)

成一个

在(选择…)

或者(我可能更喜欢的解决方案)常规连接，如果你只是添加一个“distinct”来避免列表中重复值的问题。

不幸的是，分割字符串的技术是相当特定于产品的。 下面是SQL Server的版本:

 with qry(n, names) as
       (select len(list.names) - len(replace(list.names, ',', '')) - 1 as n,
               substring(list.names, 2, len(list.names)) as names
        from (select ',Doc,Grumpy,Happy,Sneezy,Bashful,Sleepy,Dopey,' names) as list
        union all
        select (n - 1) as n,
               substring(names, 1 + charindex(',', names), len(names)) as names
        from qry
        where n > 1)
 select n, substring(names, 1, charindex(',', names) - 1) dwarf
 from qry;

Oracle版本:

 select n, substr(name, 1, instr(name, ',') - 1) dwarf
 from (select n,
             substr(val, 1 + instr(val, ',', 1, n)) name
      from (select rownum as n,
                   list.val
            from  (select ',Doc,Grumpy,Happy,Sneezy,Bashful,Sleepy,Dopey,' val
                   from dual) list
            connect by level < length(list.val) -
                               length(replace(list.val, ',', ''))));

MySQL版本:

select pivot.n,
      substring_index(substring_index(list.val, ',', 1 + pivot.n), ',', -1) from (select 1 as n
     union all
     select 2 as n
     union all
     select 3 as n
     union all
     select 4 as n
     union all
     select 5 as n
     union all
     select 6 as n
     union all
     select 7 as n
     union all
     select 8 as n
     union all
     select 9 as n
     union all
     select 10 as n) pivot,    (select ',Doc,Grumpy,Happy,Sneezy,Bashful,Sleepy,Dopey,' val) as list where pivot.n <  length(list.val) -
                   length(replace(list.val, ',', ''));

(当然，“pivot”必须返回与的最大行数相同的行数 我们可以在列表中找到的项目)

我们有一个函数，创建一个表变量，你可以加入:

ALTER FUNCTION [dbo].[Fn_sqllist_to_table](@list  AS VARCHAR(8000),
                                           @delim AS VARCHAR(10))
RETURNS @listTable TABLE(
  Position INT,
  Value    VARCHAR(8000))
AS
  BEGIN
      DECLARE @myPos INT

      SET @myPos = 1

      WHILE Charindex(@delim, @list) > 0
        BEGIN
            INSERT INTO @listTable
                        (Position,Value)
            VALUES     (@myPos,LEFT(@list, Charindex(@delim, @list) - 1))

            SET @myPos = @myPos + 1

            IF Charindex(@delim, @list) = Len(@list)
              INSERT INTO @listTable
                          (Position,Value)
              VALUES     (@myPos,'')

            SET @list = RIGHT(@list, Len(@list) - Charindex(@delim, @list))
        END

      IF Len(@list) > 0
        INSERT INTO @listTable
                    (Position,Value)
        VALUES     (@myPos,@list)

      RETURN
  END 

So:

@Name varchar(8000) = null // parameter for search values    

select * from Tags 
where Name in (SELECT value From fn_sqllist_to_table(@Name,',')))
order by Count desc

这很恶心，但如果你保证至少有一个，你可以这样做:

SELECT ...
       ...
 WHERE tag IN( @tag1, ISNULL( @tag2, @tag1 ), ISNULL( @tag3, @tag1 ), etc. )

有IN('tag1'， 'tag2'， 'tag1'， 'tag1'， 'tag1')将很容易被SQL Server优化掉。另外，你可以直接搜索索引

如果你有SQL Server 2008或更高版本，我会使用表值参数。

如果你不幸被困在SQL Server 2005上，你可以添加这样一个CLR函数，

[SqlFunction(
    DataAccessKind.None,
    IsDeterministic = true,
    SystemDataAccess = SystemDataAccessKind.None,
    IsPrecise = true,
    FillRowMethodName = "SplitFillRow",
    TableDefinintion = "s NVARCHAR(MAX)"]
public static IEnumerable Split(SqlChars seperator, SqlString s)
{
    if (s.IsNull)
        return new string[0];

    return s.ToString().Split(seperator.Buffer);
}

public static void SplitFillRow(object row, out SqlString s)
{
    s = new SqlString(row.ToString());
}

你可以这样用，

declare @desiredTags nvarchar(MAX);
set @desiredTags = 'ruby,rails,scruffy,rubyonrails';

select * from Tags
where Name in [dbo].[Split] (',', @desiredTags)
order by Count desc