对于我正在从事的一个新的node.js项目，我正在考虑从基于cookie的会话方法(我的意思是，将id存储到用户浏览器中包含用户会话的键值存储中)切换到使用JSON Web Tokens (jwt)的基于令牌的会话方法(没有键值存储)。
这个项目是一个利用socket的游戏。IO——在一个会话(web和socket.io)中有多个通信通道的情况下，有一个基于令牌的会话会很有用。
如何使用jwt方法从服务器提供令牌/会话失效?
我还想了解使用这种范例应该注意哪些常见的(或不常见的)陷阱/攻击。例如，如果这种模式容易受到与基于会话存储/cookie的方法相同/不同类型的攻击。
所以，假设我有以下内容(改编自this和this):
会话存储登录:
app.get('/login', function(request, response) {
var user = {username: request.body.username, password: request.body.password };
// Validate somehow
validate(user, function(isValid, profile) {
// Create session token
var token= createSessionToken();
// Add to a key-value database
KeyValueStore.add({token: {userid: profile.id, expiresInMinutes: 60}});
// The client should save this session token in a cookie
response.json({sessionToken: token});
});
}
口令登录:
var jwt = require('jsonwebtoken');
app.get('/login', function(request, response) {
var user = {username: request.body.username, password: request.body.password };
// Validate somehow
validate(user, function(isValid, profile) {
var token = jwt.sign(profile, 'My Super Secret', {expiresInMinutes: 60});
response.json({token: token});
});
}
--
会话存储方法的注销(或失效)需要更新KeyValueStore
使用指定的令牌创建数据库。
在基于令牌的方法中似乎不存在这样的机制，因为令牌本身将包含通常存在于键值存储中的信息。
没有使用jwt的刷新…
我想到了两种袭击的场景。一个是关于登录凭证的泄露。另一个是对JWT的盗窃。
For compromised login credentials, when a new login happens, normally send the user an email notification. So, if the customer doesn't consent to being the one who logged in, they should be advised to do a reset of credentials, which should save to database/cache the date-time the password was last set (and set this too when user sets password during initial registration). Whenever a user action is being authorized, the date-time a user changed their password should be fetched from database/cache and compared to the date-time a given JWT was generated, and forbid the action for JWTs that were generated before the said date-time of credentials reset, hence essentially rendering such JWTs useless. That means save the date-time of generation of a JWT as a claim in the JWT itself. In ASP.NET Core, a policy/requirement can be used to do do this comparison, and on failure, the client is forbidden. This consequently logs out the user on the backend, globally, whenever a reset of credentials is done.
For actual theft of JWT... A theft of JWT is not easy to detect but a JWT that expires easily solves this. But what can be done to stop the attacker before the JWT expires? It is with an actual global logout. It is similar to what was described above for credentials reset. For this, normally save on database/cache the date-time a user initiated a global logout, and on authorizing a user action, get it and compare it to the date-time of generation of a given JWT too, and forbid the action for JWTs that were generated before the said date-time of global logout, hence essentially rendering such JWTs useless. This can be done using a policy/requirement in ASP.NET Core, as previously described.
现在，你如何发现JWT被盗?目前我对此的回答是，偶尔提醒用户全局注销并重新登录，因为这肯定会让攻击者注销。
没有使用jwt的刷新…
我想到了两种袭击的场景。一个是关于登录凭证的泄露。另一个是对JWT的盗窃。
For compromised login credentials, when a new login happens, normally send the user an email notification. So, if the customer doesn't consent to being the one who logged in, they should be advised to do a reset of credentials, which should save to database/cache the date-time the password was last set (and set this too when user sets password during initial registration). Whenever a user action is being authorized, the date-time a user changed their password should be fetched from database/cache and compared to the date-time a given JWT was generated, and forbid the action for JWTs that were generated before the said date-time of credentials reset, hence essentially rendering such JWTs useless. That means save the date-time of generation of a JWT as a claim in the JWT itself. In ASP.NET Core, a policy/requirement can be used to do do this comparison, and on failure, the client is forbidden. This consequently logs out the user on the backend, globally, whenever a reset of credentials is done.
For actual theft of JWT... A theft of JWT is not easy to detect but a JWT that expires easily solves this. But what can be done to stop the attacker before the JWT expires? It is with an actual global logout. It is similar to what was described above for credentials reset. For this, normally save on database/cache the date-time a user initiated a global logout, and on authorizing a user action, get it and compare it to the date-time of generation of a given JWT too, and forbid the action for JWTs that were generated before the said date-time of global logout, hence essentially rendering such JWTs useless. This can be done using a policy/requirement in ASP.NET Core, as previously described.
现在，你如何发现JWT被盗?目前我对此的回答是，偶尔提醒用户全局注销并重新登录，因为这肯定会让攻击者注销。
---------------- 这个答案一点迟到但可能会帮助别人 ----------------
从客户端，最简单的方法是从浏览器的存储中删除令牌。
但是，如果您想销毁节点服务器上的令牌-
JWT包的问题是它没有提供任何方法或方法来销毁令牌。
您可以使用上面提到的关于JWT的不同方法。但是这里我用的是jwt-redis。
所以为了在服务器端销毁令牌，你可以使用JWT -redis包而不是JWT
这个库(jwt-redis)完全重复了库jsonwebtoken的全部功能，只增加了一个重要的功能。Jwt-redis允许您将tokenIdentifier存储在redis中以验证有效性。redis中缺少tokenIdentifier使得令牌无效。要销毁jwt-redis中的令牌，有一个destroy方法
它是这样工作的:
从npm安装jwt-redis
创建:
Var redis = require('redis');
var JWTR = require('jwt-redis').default;
var redisClient = redis.createClient();
var jwtr = new jwtr (redisClient);
Const secret = 'secret';
const tokenIdentifier = 'test';
const payload = {jti: tokenIdentifier};//你也可以在payload中放入其他数据
jwtr。号(载荷、秘密)
不要犹豫((令牌)= > {
//你的代码
})
.catch((错误)= > {
//错误处理
})；
验证:
jwtr。验证(令牌,秘密);
摧毁:
//如果jti在token的签名过程中传递，那么tokenIdentifier else token
jwtr.destroy(tokenIdentifier或token)
注意:
1).你可以在token的登录过程中提供expiresIn，就像JWT中提供的一样。
2).如果在token的签名过程中没有传递jti，那么jti将由库随机生成。
也许这能帮到你或其他人。谢谢。
