在Python 3中，该语言会在平台的原生表示中为你编码换行符。这意味着在Windows上是\r\n，而在成熟的系统上只是\n。

即使在U*x系统上，以文本模式读取Windows行结束符的文件也会返回正确的文本结果，即在\n字符之前的任何\r字符都会被无声地删除。

如果需要完全控制文件中的字节，则可以使用二进制模式。然后，每个字节恰好对应一个字节，Python不执行任何转换。

>>> # Write a file with different line endings, using binary mode for full control
>>> with open('/tmp/demo.txt', 'wb') as wf:
...     wf.write(b'DOS line\r\n')
...     wf.write(b'U*x line\n')
...     wf.write(b'no line')
10
9
7

>>> # Read the file as text
>>> with open('/tmp/demo.txt', 'r') as text:
...     for line in text:
...         print(line, end='')
DOS line
U*x line
no line

>>> # Or more demonstrably
>>> with open('/tmp/demo.txt', 'r') as text:
...     for line in text:
...         print(repr(line))
'DOS line\n'
'U*x line\n'
'no line'

>>> # Back to bytes!
>>> with open('/tmp/demo.txt', 'rb') as binary:
...     for line in binary:
...         print(line)
b'DOS line\r\n'
b'U*x line\n'
b'no line'

>>> # Open in binary, but convert back to text
>>> with open('/tmp/demo.txt', 'rb') as binary:
...     for line in binary:
...         print(line.decode('utf-8'), end='')
DOS line
U*x line
no line

>>> # Or again in more detail, with repr()
>>> with open('/tmp/demo.txt', 'rb') as binary:
...     for line in binary:
...         print(repr(line.decode('utf-8')))
'DOS line\r\n'
'U*x line\n'
'no line'

简单的解决方案

如果只调用print而不带任何参数，它将输出一个空行。

print

你可以像这样将输出管道到一个文件中(考虑到你的例子):

f = open('out.txt', 'w')
print 'First line' >> f
print >> f
print 'Second line' >> f
f.close()

它不仅与操作系统无关(甚至不需要使用操作系统包)，而且比将\n放在字符串中更具可读性。

解释

print()函数有一个可选的关键字参数，用于字符串的结尾，称为end，默认为操作系统的换行符，例如。\ n。所以，当你调用print('hello')时，Python实际上打印的是'hello' + '\n'。这意味着当你只调用print而不带任何参数时，它实际上打印的是" + '\n'，结果是换行符。

替代

使用多行字符串。

s = """First line
    Second line
    Third line"""
f = open('out.txt', 'w')
print s >> f
f.close()

在Python 3中，该语言会在平台的原生表示中为你编码换行符。这意味着在Windows上是\r\n，而在成熟的系统上只是\n。

即使在U*x系统上，以文本模式读取Windows行结束符的文件也会返回正确的文本结果，即在\n字符之前的任何\r字符都会被无声地删除。

如果需要完全控制文件中的字节，则可以使用二进制模式。然后，每个字节恰好对应一个字节，Python不执行任何转换。

>>> # Write a file with different line endings, using binary mode for full control
>>> with open('/tmp/demo.txt', 'wb') as wf:
...     wf.write(b'DOS line\r\n')
...     wf.write(b'U*x line\n')
...     wf.write(b'no line')
10
9
7

>>> # Read the file as text
>>> with open('/tmp/demo.txt', 'r') as text:
...     for line in text:
...         print(line, end='')
DOS line
U*x line
no line

>>> # Or more demonstrably
>>> with open('/tmp/demo.txt', 'r') as text:
...     for line in text:
...         print(repr(line))
'DOS line\n'
'U*x line\n'
'no line'

>>> # Back to bytes!
>>> with open('/tmp/demo.txt', 'rb') as binary:
...     for line in binary:
...         print(line)
b'DOS line\r\n'
b'U*x line\n'
b'no line'

>>> # Open in binary, but convert back to text
>>> with open('/tmp/demo.txt', 'rb') as binary:
...     for line in binary:
...         print(line.decode('utf-8'), end='')
DOS line
U*x line
no line

>>> # Or again in more detail, with repr()
>>> with open('/tmp/demo.txt', 'rb') as binary:
...     for line in binary:
...         print(repr(line.decode('utf-8')))
'DOS line\r\n'
'U*x line\n'
'no line'

各种等效方法

使用打印

默认情况下，打印已经追加了换行符!

with open("out.txt", "w") as f:
    print("First", file=f)
    print("Second", file=f)

等同于:

with open("out.txt", "w") as f:
    print("First\nSecond", file=f)

要打印而不自动添加换行符，使用sep=""(因为sep="\n"是默认值):

with open("out.txt", "w") as f:
    print("First\nSecond\n", sep="", file=f)

使用f.write

对于以文本模式打开的文件:

with open("out.txt", "w") as f:
    f.write("First\nSecond\n")

对于以二进制模式打开的文件，写入文件时不会自动将\n转换为特定于平台的行结束符。要强制使用当前平台的换行符，请使用os。Linesep代替\n:

with open("out.txt", "wb") as f:
    f.write("First" + os.linesep)
    f.write("Second" + os.linesep)

输出文件

视觉:

First
Second

在Linux上，换行符将以\n分隔:

First\nSecond\n

在Windows中，换行符将以\r\n分隔:

First\r\nSecond\r\n

为了避免以文本模式打开的文件自动将\n转换为\r\n，请使用open("out.txt"， "w"， newline="\n")打开文件。

值得注意的是，当你使用交互式Python shell或Jupyter Notebook检查字符串时，\n和其他反划字符串(如\t)会逐字呈现:

>>> gotcha = 'Here is some random message...'
>>> gotcha += '\nAdditional content:\n\t{}'.format('Yet even more great stuff!')
>>> gotcha
'Here is some random message...\nAdditional content:\n\tYet even more great stuff!'

换行符、制表符和其他特殊的非打印字符只有在打印或写入文件时才会呈现为空白:

>>> print('{}'.format(gotcha))
Here is some random message...
Additional content:
    Yet even more great stuff!

Use:

"{}\n{}\n{}".format(
    "line1",
    "line2",
    "line3"
)

我个人更喜欢这种形式。