ACTIONS = {
  1 : "Created",
  2 : "Deleted",
  3 : "Updated",
  4 : "Renamed from something",
  5 : "Renamed to something"
}
FILE_LIST_DIRECTORY = 0x0001

class myThread (threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self, threadID, fileName, directory, origin):
        threading.Thread.__init__(self)
        self.threadID = threadID
        self.fileName = fileName
        self.daemon = True
        self.dir = directory
        self.originalFile = origin
    def run(self):
        startMonitor(self.fileName, self.dir, self.originalFile)

def startMonitor(fileMonitoring,dirPath,originalFile):
    hDir = win32file.CreateFile (
        dirPath,
        FILE_LIST_DIRECTORY,
        win32con.FILE_SHARE_READ | win32con.FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
        None,
        win32con.OPEN_EXISTING,
        win32con.FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS,
        None
    )
    # Wait for new data and call ProcessNewData for each new chunk that's
    # written
    while 1:
        # Wait for a change to occur
        results = win32file.ReadDirectoryChangesW (
            hDir,
            1024,
            False,
            win32con.FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_LAST_WRITE,
            None,
            None
        )
        # For each change, check to see if it's updating the file we're
        # interested in
        for action, file_M in results:
            full_filename = os.path.join (dirPath, file_M)
            #print file, ACTIONS.get (action, "Unknown")
            if len(full_filename) == len(fileMonitoring) and action == 3:
                #copy to main file
                ...

import inotify.adapters
from datetime import datetime


LOG_FILE='/var/log/mysql/server_audit.log'


def main():
    start_time = datetime.now()
    while True:
        i = inotify.adapters.Inotify()
        i.add_watch(LOG_FILE)
        for event in i.event_gen(yield_nones=False):
            break
        del i

        with open(LOG_FILE, 'r') as f:
            for line in f:
                entry = line.split(',')
                entry_time = datetime.strptime(entry[0],
                                               '%Y%m%d %H:%M:%S')
                if entry_time > start_time:
                    start_time = entry_time
                    print(entry)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

它不应该在windows上工作(也许与cygwin ?)，但对于unix用户，您应该使用“fcntl”系统调用。下面是Python中的一个例子。如果你需要用C语言写的话，基本上是相同的代码(相同的函数名)

import time
import fcntl
import os
import signal

FNAME = "/HOME/TOTO/FILETOWATCH"

def handler(signum, frame):
    print "File %s modified" % (FNAME,)

signal.signal(signal.SIGIO, handler)
fd = os.open(FNAME,  os.O_RDONLY)
fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_SETSIG, 0)
fcntl.fcntl(fd, fcntl.F_NOTIFY,
            fcntl.DN_MODIFY | fcntl.DN_CREATE | fcntl.DN_MULTISHOT)

while True:
    time.sleep(10000)

因为我已经全局安装了它，所以我最喜欢的方法是使用nodemon。如果你的源代码在src中，你的入口点是src/app.py，那么就像这样简单:

nodemon -w 'src/**' -e py,html --exec python src/app.py

．.． 其中-e py,html允许您控制要监视更改的文件类型。

在对蒂姆·戈尔登的剧本进行了一些修改后，我有了以下似乎工作得相当不错的内容:

import os

import win32file
import win32con

path_to_watch = "." # look at the current directory
file_to_watch = "test.txt" # look for changes to a file called test.txt

def ProcessNewData( newData ):
    print "Text added: %s"%newData

# Set up the bits we'll need for output
ACTIONS = {
  1 : "Created",
  2 : "Deleted",
  3 : "Updated",
  4 : "Renamed from something",
  5 : "Renamed to something"
}
FILE_LIST_DIRECTORY = 0x0001
hDir = win32file.CreateFile (
  path_to_watch,
  FILE_LIST_DIRECTORY,
  win32con.FILE_SHARE_READ | win32con.FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
  None,
  win32con.OPEN_EXISTING,
  win32con.FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS,
  None
)

# Open the file we're interested in
a = open(file_to_watch, "r")

# Throw away any exising log data
a.read()

# Wait for new data and call ProcessNewData for each new chunk that's written
while 1:
  # Wait for a change to occur
  results = win32file.ReadDirectoryChangesW (
    hDir,
    1024,
    False,
    win32con.FILE_NOTIFY_CHANGE_LAST_WRITE,
    None,
    None
  )

  # For each change, check to see if it's updating the file we're interested in
  for action, file in results:
    full_filename = os.path.join (path_to_watch, file)
    #print file, ACTIONS.get (action, "Unknown")
    if file == file_to_watch:
        newText = a.read()
        if newText != "":
            ProcessNewData( newText )

它可能需要进行更多的错误检查，但对于简单地观察日志文件并在将其输出到屏幕之前对其进行一些处理，这样做效果很好。

谢谢大家的投入-很棒的东西!

最简单的解决方案是在间隔之后获取同一个文件的两个实例并进行比较。你可以试试这样的东西

    while True:
        # Capturing the two instances models.py after certain interval of time
        print("Looking for changes in " + app_name.capitalize() + " models.py\nPress 'CTRL + C' to stop the program")
        with open(app_name.capitalize() + '/filename', 'r+') as app_models_file:
            filename_content = app_models_file.read()
        time.sleep(5)
        with open(app_name.capitalize() + '/filename', 'r+') as app_models_file_1:
            filename_content_1 = app_models_file_1.read()
        # Comparing models.py after certain interval of time
        if filename_content == filename_content_1:
            pass
        else:
            print("You made a change in " + app_name.capitalize() + " filename.\n")
            cmd = str(input("Do something with the file?(y/n):"))
            if cmd == 'y':
                # Do Something
            elif cmd == 'n':
                # pass or do something
            else:
                print("Invalid input")