为了记录，我所有的测试都是通过使fixture惰性初始化来正确工作的，例如:

<bean id="fixture"
      class="it.tidalwave.northernwind.rca.embeddedserver.impl.DefaultEmbeddedServer"
      lazy-init="true" /> <!-- To solve Mockito + Spring problems -->

<bean class="it.tidalwave.messagebus.aspect.spring.MessageBusAdapterFactory" />

<bean id="applicationMessageBus"
      class="org.mockito.Mockito" factory-method="mock">
    <constructor-arg value="it.tidalwave.messagebus.MessageBus" />
</bean>

<bean class="org.mockito.Mockito" factory-method="mock">
    <constructor-arg value="javax.servlet.ServletContext" />
</bean>

我认为基本原理是Mattias在这里(在文章的底部)解释的，一种变通方法是改变bean的声明顺序——延迟初始化是“某种程度上”在最后声明fixture。

我可以使用Mockito做以下事情:

<bean id="stateMachine" class="org.mockito.Mockito" factory-method="mock">
    <constructor-arg value="com.abcd.StateMachine"/>
</bean>

基于上述方法，我将给出几个例子

春天:

@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:context.xml" })
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class TestServiceTest {
    @InjectMocks
    private TestService testService;
    @Mock
    private TestService2 testService2;
}

没有春天:

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class TestServiceTest {
    @InjectMocks
    private TestService testService = new TestServiceImpl();
    @Mock
    private TestService2 testService2;
}

如果你正在使用spring boot 2.2+，你可以使用@MockInBean作为@MockBean的替代，并保持spring上下文干净:

@SpringBootTest
public class MyServiceTest {

    @MockInBean(MyService.class)
    private ServiceToMock serviceToMock;

    @Autowired
    private MyService myService;

    @Test
    public void test() {
        Mockito.when(serviceToMock.returnSomething()).thenReturn(new Object());
        myService.doSomething();
    }
}

免责声明:我创建这个库是为了避免由@MockBean/@SpringBean导致的Spring上下文重新创建，从而导致构建测试阶段变慢(参见在测试中使用@MockBean强制重新加载应用程序上下文或@MockBean的问题)

下面的代码使用自动装配-它不是最短的版本，但当它只适用于标准spring/mockito jar时很有用。

<bean id="dao" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
   <property name="target"> <bean class="org.mockito.Mockito" factory-method="mock"> <constructor-arg value="com.package.Dao" /> </bean> </property>
   <property name="proxyInterfaces"> <value>com.package.Dao</value> </property>
</bean> 

我有一个非常简单的解决方案使用Spring Java配置和Mockito:

@Configuration
public class TestConfig {

    @Mock BeanA beanA;
    @Mock BeanB beanB;

    public TestConfig() {
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this); //This is a key
    }

    //You basically generate getters and add @Bean annotation everywhere
    @Bean
    public BeanA getBeanA() {
        return beanA;
    }

    @Bean
    public BeanB getBeanB() {
        return beanB;
    }
}