The only difference i've noted is that things set in a relative layout via drag and drop automatically have their dimensions relative to other elements inferred, so when you run the app what you see is what you get. However in the constraint layout even if you drag and drop an element in the design view, when you run the app things may be shifted around. This can easily be fixed by manually setting the constraints or, a more risky move being to right click the element in the component tree, selecting the constraint layout sub menu, then clicking 'infer constraints'. Hope this helps

一个很大的区别是，即使视图消失了，ConstraintLayout仍然尊重约束。所以它不会破坏布局如果你有一个链你想让一个视图消失在中间。

正式来说，ConstraintLayout要快得多

在Android N版本中，ConstraintLayout类提供了与RelativeLayout类似的功能，但成本要低得多。

由@davidpbr ConstraintLayout性能报告

我做了两个类似的7个子布局，每个都有一个父ConstraintLayout和RelativeLayout。 基于Android Studio方法跟踪工具，它似乎ConstraintLayout花更多的时间在onMeasure和执行额外的工作在onfinishinflation。

使用的库(support-v4, appcompat-v7…):

com.android.support.constraint: constraint-layout: 1.0.0-alpha1

设备/Android版本转载于: 三星Galaxy S6 (SM-G920A;对不起，没有Nexus atm)。Android 5.0.2

快速方法跟踪比较:

示例Github回购:https://github.com/OnlyInAmerica/ConstraintLayoutPerf

以下是它们的区别/优点:

Constraint Layout has dual power of both Relative Layout as well as Linear layout: Set relative positions of views ( like Relative layout ) and also set weights for dynamic UI (which was only possible in Linear Layout). A very powerful use is grouping of elements by forming a chain. This way we can form a group of views which as a whole can be placed in a desired way without adding another layer of hierarchy just to form another group of views. In addition to weights, we can apply horizontal and vertical bias which is nothing but the percentage of displacement from the centre. ( bias of 0.5 means centrally aligned. Any value less or more means corresponding movement in the respective direction ) . Another very important feature is that it respects and provides the functionality to handle the GONE views so that layouts do not break if some view is set to GONE through java code. More can be found here: https://developer.android.com/reference/android/support/constraint/ConstraintLayout.html#VisibilityBehavior Provides power of automatic constraint applying by the use of Blue print and Visual Editor tool which makes it easy to design a page.

所有这些特性都使视图层次结构变得平坦，从而提高了性能，还有助于制作响应性和动态的UI，从而更容易适应不同的屏幕尺寸和密度。

这里是快速学习的最佳地点: https://codelabs.developers.google.com/codelabs/constraint-layout/#0

相对布局和约束布局的等效属性

(1)相对布局:

android:layout_centerInParent="true"    

(1)约束布局等效:

app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"

---

(2)相对布局:

android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"

(2)约束布局等效:

app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"

---

(3)相对布局:

android:layout_centerVertical="true"    

(3)约束布局等效:

app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"

---

(4)相对布局:

android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"   

(4)约束布局等效:

app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"

---

(5)相对布局:

android:layout_alignParentStart="true"

(5)约束布局等效:

app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"

---

(6)相对布局:

android:layout_alignParentRight="true"

(6)约束布局等效:

app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"

---

(7)相对布局:

android:layout_alignParentEnd="true"    

(7)约束布局等效:

app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"

---

(8)相对布局:

android:layout_alignParentTop="true"

(8)约束布局等效:

app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"

---

(9)相对布局:

android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" 

(9)约束布局等效:

app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"

---

(10)相对布局:

android:layout_alignStart="@id/view"

(10)约束布局等效:

app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="@id/view"

---

(11)相对布局:

android:layout_alignLeft="@id/view" 

(11)约束布局等效:

app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="@id/view"

---

(12)相对布局:

android:layout_alignEnd="@id/view"  

(12)约束布局等效:

app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="@id/view"

---

(13)相对布局:

android:layout_alignRight="@id/view"

(13)约束布局等效:

app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="@id/view"

---

(14)相对布局:

android:layout_alignTop="@id/view"  

(14)约束布局等效:

app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="@id/view"

---

(15)相对布局:

android:layout_alignBaseline="@id/view" 

(15)约束布局等效:

app:layout_constraintBaseline_toBaselineOf="@id/view"

---

(16)相对布局:

android:layout_alignBottom="@id/view"

(16)约束布局等效:

app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="@id/view"

---

(17)相对布局:

android:layout_toStartOf="@id/view"

(17)约束布局等效:

app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@id/view"

---

(18)相对布局:

android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/view"  

(18)约束布局等效:

app:layout_constraintRight_toLeftOf="@id/view"

---

(19)相对布局:

android:layout_toEndOf="@id/view"

(19)约束布局等效:

app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@id/view"

---

(20)相对布局:

android:layout_toRightOf="@id/view"

(20)约束布局等效:

app:layout_constraintLeft_toRightOf="@id/view"

---

(21)相对布局:

android:layout_above="@id/view" 

(21)约束布局等效:

app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@id/view"

---

(22)相对布局:

android:layout_below="@id/view" 

(22)约束布局等效:

app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@id/view"

---