您可以从ThreadMXBean获得大量关于线程的信息。

调用静态的ManagementFactory.getThreadMXBean()方法来获得对MBean的引用。

获取一个可迭代集:

Set<Thread> threadSet = Thread.getAllStackTraces().keySet();

性能:0毫秒，12个线程(Azul JVM 16.0.1, Windows 10, Ryzen 5600X)。

你可以尝试这样做:

Thread.getAllStackTraces().keySet().forEach((t) -> System.out.println(t.getName() + "\nIs Daemon " + t.isDaemon() + "\nIs Alive " + t.isAlive()));

如果你需要，你可以得到更多的线程特性。

您查看过jconsole吗?

这将列出为特定Java进程运行的所有线程。

可以从JDK bin文件夹启动jconsole。

你也可以通过在Windows中按Ctrl+Break或在Linux中发送kill pid——QUIT来获得所有线程的完整堆栈跟踪。

获取主线程启动的线程列表的代码片段:

import java.util.Set;

public class ThreadSet {
    public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception{
        Thread.currentThread().setName("ThreadSet");
        for ( int i=0; i< 3; i++){
            Thread t = new Thread(new MyThread());
            t.setName("MyThread:"+i);
            t.start();
        }
        Set<Thread> threadSet = Thread.getAllStackTraces().keySet();
        for ( Thread t : threadSet){
            if ( t.getThreadGroup() == Thread.currentThread().getThreadGroup()){
                System.out.println("Thread :"+t+":"+"state:"+t.getState());
            }
        }
    }
}

class MyThread implements Runnable{
    public void run(){
        try{
            Thread.sleep(5000);
        }catch(Exception err){
            err.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

输出:

Thread :Thread[MyThread:2,5,main]:state:TIMED_WAITING
Thread :Thread[MyThread:0,5,main]:state:TIMED_WAITING
Thread :Thread[MyThread:1,5,main]:state:TIMED_WAITING
Thread :Thread[ThreadSet,5,main]:state:RUNNABLE

如果您需要包括系统线程在内的所有线程，这些线程还没有被您的程序启动，请删除以下条件。

if ( t.getThreadGroup() == Thread.currentThread().getThreadGroup())

现在输出:

Thread :Thread[MyThread:2,5,main]:state:TIMED_WAITING
Thread :Thread[Reference Handler,10,system]:state:WAITING
Thread :Thread[MyThread:1,5,main]:state:TIMED_WAITING
Thread :Thread[ThreadSet,5,main]:state:RUNNABLE
Thread :Thread[MyThread:0,5,main]:state:TIMED_WAITING
Thread :Thread[Finalizer,8,system]:state:WAITING
Thread :Thread[Signal Dispatcher,9,system]:state:RUNNABLE
Thread :Thread[Attach Listener,5,system]:state:RUNNABLE

获取根线程组的句柄，像这样:

ThreadGroup rootGroup = Thread.currentThread().getThreadGroup();
ThreadGroup parentGroup;
while ((parentGroup = rootGroup.getParent()) != null) {
    rootGroup = parentGroup;
}

现在，在根组上重复调用enumerate()函数。第二个参数让你递归地获取所有线程:

Thread[] threads = new Thread[rootGroup.activeCount()];
while (rootGroup.enumerate(threads, true ) == threads.length) {
    threads = new Thread[threads.length * 2];
}

注意我们如何反复调用enumerate()，直到数组大到足以包含所有条目。