在Windows 10(2019)中，输入以下字符时会出现错误，导致输入失败:

文件名不能包含以下字符: \ /: * ?< > |

在Windows 10(2019)中，输入以下字符时会出现错误，导致输入失败:

文件名不能包含以下字符: \ /: * ?< > |

要让Windows告诉你答案，最简单的方法是尝试通过资源管理器重命名文件，并输入反斜杠/作为新名称。Windows会弹出一个消息框，告诉你非法字符的列表。

A filename cannot contain any of the following characters:
    \ / : * ? " < > | 

微软文档-命名文件，路径和命名空间-命名约定

我也有同样的需求，正在寻找推荐信或标准推荐信，偶然发现了这条线索。我目前在文件和目录名中应该避免的字符黑名单是:

$CharactersInvalidForFileName = {
    "pound" -> "#",
    "left angle bracket" -> "<",
    "dollar sign" -> "$",
    "plus sign" -> "+",
    "percent" -> "%",
    "right angle bracket" -> ">",
    "exclamation point" -> "!",
    "backtick" -> "`",
    "ampersand" -> "&",
    "asterisk" -> "*",
    "single quotes" -> "“",
    "pipe" -> "|",
    "left bracket" -> "{",
    "question mark" -> "?",
    "double quotes" -> "”",
    "equal sign" -> "=",
    "right bracket" -> "}",
    "forward slash" -> "/",
    "colon" -> ":",
    "back slash" -> "\\",
    "lank spaces" -> "b",
    "at sign" -> "@"
};

这对我来说在Python中已经足够好了:

def fix_filename(name, max_length=255):
    """
    Replace invalid characters on Linux/Windows/MacOS with underscores.
    List from https://stackoverflow.com/a/31976060/819417
    Trailing spaces & periods are ignored on Windows.
    >>> fix_filename("  COM1  ")
    '_ COM1 _'
    >>> fix_filename("COM10")
    'COM10'
    >>> fix_filename("COM1,")
    'COM1,'
    >>> fix_filename("COM1.txt")
    '_.txt'
    >>> all('_' == fix_filename(chr(i)) for i in list(range(32)))
    True
    """
    return re.sub(r'[/\\:|<>"?*\0-\x1f]|^(AUX|COM[1-9]|CON|LPT[1-9]|NUL|PRN)(?![^.])|^\s|[\s.]$', "_", name[:max_length], flags=re.IGNORECASE)

还可以查看这个过时的列表，以获得FAT32中的=等其他遗留内容。

在Windows中创建internet快捷方式时，为了创建文件名，它会跳过非法字符，除了正斜杠被转换为减号。