虽然有些用户已经回答了这个问题，但我将给出一个应用程序设置示例来解决这个问题。

我也有同样的问题。我在我的angularjs应用程序中使用https://github.com/grevory/angular-local-storage模块。如果你这样配置你的应用程序，它会把变量保存在会话存储中，而不是本地存储。因此，如果您关闭浏览器或关闭选项卡，会话存储将自动删除。你什么都不需要做。

app.config(function (localStorageServiceProvider) {
  localStorageServiceProvider
  .setPrefix('myApp')
  .setStorageType('sessionStorage')
});

希望能有所帮助。

这是一个老问题，但上面的答案似乎都不完美。

如果您希望存储身份验证或任何敏感信息，这些信息仅在浏览器关闭时被销毁，那么您可以依赖sessionStorage和localStorage进行跨选项卡消息传递。

基本上，这个想法是:

You bootstrap from no previous tab opened, thus both your localStorage and sessionStorage are empty (if not, you can clear the localStorage). You'll have to register a message event listener on the localStorage. The user authenticate/create a sensitive info on this tab (or any other tab opened on your domain). You update the sessionStorage to store the sensitive information, and use the localStorage to store this information, then delete it (you don't care about timing here, since the event was queued when the data changed). Any other tab opened at that time will be called back on the message event, and will update their sessionStorage with the sensitive information. If the user open a new tab on your domain, its sessionStorage will be empty. The code will have to set a key in the localStorage (for exemple: req). Any(all) other tab will be called back in the message event, see that key, and can answer with the sensitive information from their sessionStorage (like in 3), if they have such.

请注意，此方案不依赖于窗口。Onbeforeunload事件是脆弱的(因为浏览器可以关闭/崩溃而不触发这些事件)。此外，敏感信息存储在localStorage上的时间非常短(因为您依赖于跨选项卡消息事件的transcients更改检测)，因此此类敏感信息不太可能泄漏到用户的硬盘驱动器上。

下面是这个概念的演示:http://jsfiddle.net/oypdwxz7/2/

8.5年过去了，最初的问题一直没有得到答案。

当浏览器关闭时，没有一个标签。

这个基本代码片段将为您提供两全其美的服务。仅在浏览器会话期间存在的存储(如sessionStorage)，但也可以在选项卡之间共享(localStorage)。

它完全通过localStorage来实现这一点。

function cleanup(){
    // place whatever cleanup logic you want here, for example:
    // window.localStorage.removeItem('my-item')
}

function tabOpened(){
    const tabs = JSON.parse(window.localStorage.getItem('tabs'))
    if (tabs === null) {
        window.localStorage.setItem('tabs', 1)
    } else {
        window.localStorage.setItem('tabs', ++tabs)
    }
}

function tabClosed(){
    const tabs = JSON.parse(window.localStorage.getItem('tabs'))
    if (tabs === 1) {
        // last tab closed, perform cleanup.
        window.localStorage.removeItem('tabs')
        cleanup()
    } else {
        window.localStorage.setItem('tabs', --tabs)
    }
}

window.onload = function () {
    tabOpened();
}

window.onbeforeunload = function () {
    tabClosed();
}

window.addEventListener('beforeunload', (event) => {

    localStorage.setItem("new_qus_id", $('.responseId').attr('id'));

    var new_qus_no = localStorage.getItem('new_qus_id');
    console.log(new_qus_no);

});

if (localStorage.getItem('new_qus_id') != '') {
    var question_id = localStorage.getItem('new_qus_id');
} else {
    var question_id = "<?php echo $question_id ; ?>";
}

    if(localStorage.getItem("visit") === null) {
      localStorage.setItem('visit', window.location.hostname);
      console.log(localStorage.getItem('visit'));
    } 
      else if(localStorage.getItem('visit') == 'localhost'){
            console.log(localStorage.getItem('visit'));
      }
    else {
     console.log(localStorage.getItem('visit'));
    }
   $(document).ready(function(){
      $("#clickme").click(function(){
         localStorage.setItem('visit', '0');
      });
   });  
   window.localStorage.removeItem('visit');

试着用

$(window).unload(function(){
  localStorage.clear();
});

希望这对你有用