目前我们在PHP中使用以下命令在应用程序中将字符集设置为UTF-8。
因为这有点开销，所以我们希望将其设置为MySQL中的默认设置。我们可以在/etc/my.cnf或其他位置这样做吗?
SET NAMES 'utf8'
SET CHARACTER SET utf8
我在/etc/my.cnf中寻找了一个默认字符集，但那里没有关于字符集的任何内容。
在这一点上，我做了以下设置MySQL字符集和排序变量为UTF-8:
skip-character-set-client-handshake
character_set_client=utf8
character_set_server=utf8
这是正确的处理方式吗?
当前回答
对于MySQL的最新版本，
default-character-set = utf8
造成问题。我认为这是不可取的。
正如Justin Ball在“升级到MySQL 5.5.12，现在MySQL无法启动，你应该:
Remove that directive and you should be good. Then your configuration file ('/etc/my.cnf' for example) should look like that: [mysqld] collation-server = utf8_unicode_ci init-connect='SET NAMES utf8' character-set-server = utf8 Restart MySQL. For making sure, your MySQL is UTF-8, run the following queries in your MySQL prompt: First query: mysql> show variables like 'char%'; The output should look like: +--------------------------+---------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+---------------------------------+ | character_set_client | utf8 | | character_set_connection | utf8 | | character_set_database | utf8 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | utf8 | | character_set_server | utf8 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/| +--------------------------+---------------------------------+ Second query: mysql> show variables like 'collation%'; And the query output is: +----------------------+-----------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +----------------------+-----------------+ | collation_connection | utf8_general_ci | | collation_database | utf8_unicode_ci | | collation_server | utf8_unicode_ci | +----------------------+-----------------+
其他回答
在Fedora 21上
$ vi /etc/my.cnf
添加:
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci'
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci
skip-character-set-client-handshake
保存并退出。
最后记住，用service mysqld restart重启服务mysqld。
《NijaCat》也很接近，但却过于夸张:
要将默认值设置为UTF-8，您需要将以下内容添加到my.cnf
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
default-character-set = utf8
然后，验证:
mysql> show variables like "%character%";show variables like "%collation%";
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_database | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_server | utf8_general_ci |
+----------------------+-----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
如果你对客户端的设置感到困惑，重启mysql服务后conn被重置。试试下面这些步骤(对我很有效):
vi /etc/my.cnf 添加内容:blow和:wq (客户端) character-sets-dir = / usr /地方/ mysql /分享/ mysql /数据集 重启mysql，登录mysql，使用数据库，输入命令状态;，你会发现'client'和'conn'的字符集被设置为'utf8'。
查看参考资料了解更多信息。
在进行配置时，MySQL版本和Linux发行版可能很重要。
但是，[mysqld]部分下的更改是受鼓励的。
我想简单解释一下tomazzlender的回答:
[mysqld]
init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci'
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci
skip-character-set-client-handshake
[mysqld]
这将把collation_connection更改为utf8_unicode_ci
init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci'
使用集合名称:
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
SET NAMES将影响三个字符，即:
character_set_client
character_set_results
character_set_connection
这将设置character_set_database & character_set_server
character-set-server=utf8
这只会影响collation_database和collation_server
collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci
对不起，我不太清楚这是干什么用的。但是我不用这个词:
skip-character-set-client-handshake
MySQL 5.5，所有你需要的是:
[mysqld]
character_set_client=utf8
character_set_server=utf8
collation_server=utf8_unicode_ci
Collation_server是可选的。
mysql> show variables like 'char%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
