Eclipse Goto Windows >首选项> Java >编译器>错误/警告 把它们都改成错误。修复所有错误。这是最简单的方法。这样做的好处是，您可以在编写代码时清理代码。

截图Eclipse代码:

我们已经开始使用Find Bugs来帮助识别代码库中目标丰富的重构环境中的一些缺陷。我还会考虑结构101来识别代码库架构中过于复杂的地方，这样你就知道真正的沼泽在哪里。

我会让运行中的系统保持代码使用的日志，然后开始检查几个月或几年没有使用的代码。

例如，如果您对未使用的类感兴趣，那么所有的类都可以在创建实例时记录日志。然后，一个小脚本可以将这些日志与完整的类列表进行比较，以找到未使用的类。

Of course, if you go at the method level you should keep performance in mind. For example, the methods could only log their first use. I dont know how this is best done in Java. We have done this in Smalltalk, which is a dynamic language and thus allows for code modification at runtime. We instrument all methods with a logging call and uninstall the logging code after a method has been logged for the first time, thus after some time no more performance penalties occur. Maybe a similar thing can be done in Java with static boolean flags...

我很惊讶这里竟然没有提到ProGuard。这是目前最成熟的产品之一。

ProGuard is a free Java class file shrinker, optimizer, obfuscator, and preverifier. It detects and removes unused classes, fields, methods, and attributes. It optimizes bytecode and removes unused instructions. It renames the remaining classes, fields, and methods using short meaningless names. Finally, it preverifies the processed code for Java 6 or for Java Micro Edition. Some uses of ProGuard are: Creating more compact code, for smaller code archives, faster transfer across networks, faster loading, and smaller memory footprints. Making programs and libraries harder to reverse-engineer. Listing dead code, so it can be removed from the source code. Retargeting and preverifying existing class files for Java 6 or higher, to take full advantage of their faster class loading.

下面是列表死代码的示例:https://www.guardsquare.com/en/products/proguard/manual/examples#deadcode

代码覆盖工具，如Emma、Cobertura和Clover，将检测您的代码，并记录通过运行一组测试调用代码的哪些部分。这是非常有用的，并且应该是开发过程中不可分割的一部分。它将帮助您确定测试套件对代码的覆盖程度。

然而，这与识别真正的死代码是不同的。它只识别被测试覆盖(或未被测试覆盖)的代码。这可能会给您带来假阳性(如果您的测试没有覆盖所有场景)和假阴性(如果您的测试访问了实际上从未在真实场景中使用过的代码)。

我认为真正识别死代码的最好方法是在实时运行的环境中使用覆盖工具，并在一段较长的时间内分析代码覆盖率。

If you are runnning in a load balanced redundant environment (and if not, why not?) then I suppose it would make sense to only instrument one instance of your application and to configure your load balancer such that a random, but small, portion of your users run on your instrumented instance. If you do this over an extended period of time (to make sure that you have covered all real world usage scenarios - such seasonal variations), you should be able to see exactly which areas of your code are accessed under real world usage and which parts are really never accessed and hence dead code.

我个人从来没有见过这样做，也不知道如何使用上述工具来检测和分析没有通过测试套件调用的代码——但我相信它们可以做到。

IntelliJ有代码分析工具，用于检测未使用的代码。你应该试着让尽可能多的字段/方法/类成为非公共的，这样会显示出更多未使用的方法/字段/类

我还会尝试找到重复的代码，作为减少代码量的一种方式。

我的最后一个建议是，尽量找到开放源代码，如果使用，会使您的代码更简单。