您使用的是什么数据库?在PostgreSQL中，我喜欢使用ANY(数组)。重复一下你的例子:

<?php
$ids=array(1,2,3,7,8,9);
$db = new PDO(...);
$stmt = $db->prepare(
    'SELECT *
     FROM table
     WHERE id = ANY (:an_array)'
);
$stmt->bindParam('an_array',$ids);
$stmt->execute();
?>

不幸的是，这是非常不可移植的。

在其他数据库中，您将需要像其他人提到的那样，创建自己的魔法。当然，您需要将该逻辑放入类/函数中，以使其在整个程序中可重用。看看PHP mysql_query页面上的注释。关于这个主题的更多想法和这个场景的示例。

我扩展了PDO，做一些类似stefs建议的事情，从长远来看，这对我来说更容易:

class Array_Capable_PDO extends PDO {
    /**
     * Both prepare a statement and bind array values to it
     * @param string $statement mysql query with colon-prefixed tokens
     * @param array $arrays associatve array with string tokens as keys and integer-indexed data arrays as values 
     * @param array $driver_options see php documention
     * @return PDOStatement with given array values already bound 
     */
    public function prepare_with_arrays($statement, array $arrays, $driver_options = array()) {

        $replace_strings = array();
        $x = 0;
        foreach($arrays as $token => $data) {
            // just for testing...
            //// tokens should be legit
            //assert('is_string($token)');
            //assert('$token !== ""');
            //// a given token shouldn't appear more than once in the query
            //assert('substr_count($statement, $token) === 1');
            //// there should be an array of values for each token
            //assert('is_array($data)');
            //// empty data arrays aren't okay, they're a SQL syntax error
            //assert('count($data) > 0');

            // replace array tokens with a list of value tokens
            $replace_string_pieces = array();
            foreach($data as $y => $value) {
                //// the data arrays have to be integer-indexed
                //assert('is_int($y)');
                $replace_string_pieces[] = ":{$x}_{$y}";
            }
            $replace_strings[] = '('.implode(', ', $replace_string_pieces).')';
            $x++;
        }
        $statement = str_replace(array_keys($arrays), $replace_strings, $statement);
        $prepared_statement = $this->prepare($statement, $driver_options);

        // bind values to the value tokens
        $x = 0;
        foreach($arrays as $token => $data) {
            foreach($data as $y => $value) {
                $prepared_statement->bindValue(":{$x}_{$y}", $value);
            }
            $x++;
        }

        return $prepared_statement;
    }
}

你可以这样使用它:

$db_link = new Array_Capable_PDO($dsn, $username, $password);

$query = '
    SELECT     *
    FROM       test
    WHERE      field1 IN :array1
     OR        field2 IN :array2
     OR        field3 = :value
';

$pdo_query = $db_link->prepare_with_arrays(
    $query,
    array(
        ':array1' => array(1,2,3),
        ':array2' => array(7,8,9)
    )
);

$pdo_query->bindValue(':value', '10');

$pdo_query->execute();

简单来说:

//$db = new PDO(...);
//$ids = array(...);

$qMarks = str_repeat('?,', count($ids) - 1) . '?';
$sth = $db->prepare("SELECT * FROM myTable WHERE id IN ($qMarks)");
$sth->execute($ids);

在MySQL和PDO中，我们可以使用JSON数组和JSON_CONTAINS() (https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/json-search-functions.html#function_json-contains)进行搜索。

$ids = [123, 234, 345, 456]; // Array of users I search
$ids = json_encode($ids); // JSON conversion

$sql = <<<SQL
    SELECT ALL user_id, user_login
    FROM users
    -- Cast is mandatory beaucause JSON_CONTAINS() waits JSON doc candidate
    WHERE JSON_CONTAINS(:ids, CAST(user_id AS JSON))
    SQL;

$search = $pdo->prepare($sql);
$search->execute([':ids' => $ids]);
$users = $search->fetchAll();

我们也可以使用JSON_TABLE() (https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/json-table-functions.html#function_json-table)进行更复杂的情况和JSON数据探索:

$users = [
    ['id' => 123, 'bday' => ..., 'address' => ...],
    ['id' => 234, 'bday' => ..., 'address' => ...],
    ['id' => 345, 'bday' => ..., 'address' => ...],
]; // I'd like to know their login

$users = json_encode($users);

$sql = <<<SQL
    SELECT ALL user_id, user_login
    FROM users
    WHERE user_id IN (
        SELECT ALL user_id
        FROM JSON_TABLE(:users, '$[*]' COLUMNS (
            -- Data exploration...
            -- (if needed I can explore really deeply with NESTED kword)
            user_id INT PATH '$.id',
            -- I could skip these :
            user_bday DATE PATH '$.bday',
            user_address TINYTEXT PATH '$.address'
        )) AS _
    )
    SQL;

$search = $pdo->prepare($sql);
$search->execute([':users' => $users]);
...

我有一个独特的问题，在将即将被弃用的MySQL驱动程序转换为PDO驱动程序时，我必须创建一个函数，该函数可以动态地从相同的参数数组中构建正常参数和INs。所以我很快就做了这个:

/**
 * mysql::pdo_query('SELECT * FROM TBL_WHOOP WHERE type_of_whoop IN :param AND siz_of_whoop = :size', array(':param' => array(1,2,3), ':size' => 3))
 *
 * @param $query
 * @param $params
 */
function pdo_query($query, $params = array()){

    if(!$query)
        trigger_error('Could not query nothing');

    // Lets get our IN fields first
    $in_fields = array();
    foreach($params as $field => $value){
        if(is_array($value)){
            for($i=0,$size=sizeof($value);$i<$size;$i++)
                $in_array[] = $field.$i;

            $query = str_replace($field, "(".implode(',', $in_array).")", $query); // Lets replace the position in the query string with the full version
            $in_fields[$field] = $value; // Lets add this field to an array for use later
            unset($params[$field]); // Lets unset so we don't bind the param later down the line
        }
    }

    $query_obj = $this->pdo_link->prepare($query);
    $query_obj->setFetchMode(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);

    // Now lets bind normal params.
    foreach($params as $field => $value) $query_obj->bindValue($field, $value);

    // Now lets bind the IN params
    foreach($in_fields as $field => $value){
        for($i=0,$size=sizeof($value);$i<$size;$i++)
            $query_obj->bindValue($field.$i, $value[$i]); // Both the named param index and this index are based off the array index which has not changed...hopefully
    }

    $query_obj->execute();

    if($query_obj->rowCount() <= 0)
        return null;

    return $query_obj;
}

它仍然未经测试，但逻辑似乎是存在的。

经过一些测试，我发现:

PDO不喜欢’。’(如果你问我的话，我觉得这有点蠢) bindParam是错误函数，bindValue是正确函数。

为了让答案更接近最初使用占位符绑定参数的问题，我做了一些进一步的处理。

这个答案必须在查询中使用的数组中进行两次循环。但它确实解决了为更有选择性的查询使用其他列占位符的问题。

//builds placeholders to insert in IN()
foreach($array as $key=>$value) {
    $in_query = $in_query . ' :val_' . $key . ', ';
}

//gets rid of trailing comma and space
$in_query = substr($in_query, 0, -2);

$stmt = $db->prepare(
    "SELECT *
     WHERE id IN($in_query)";

//pind params for your placeholders.
foreach ($array as $key=>$value) {
    $stmt->bindParam(":val_" . $key, $array[$key])
}

$stmt->execute();